Europe’s Journal of Psychology (PsychOpen)
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Chuang-tze:A Positive Psychologist in Ancient China
No full textThe positive psychological movement has played a more and more important role in the stage of psychology. Positive psychology emphasizes subject well-being and has three pillars: positive emotion, positive traits, and positive institutions. Chuang-tze was a notable thinker in the history of ancient China. His life career and his world outlook provide an important cue to the understanding of positive psychology. The unexhausted life force and lofty state of spirit in his thought strongly influence and attract people of later generation. Moreover, his brilliant exposition about value and value judgment is the vital source for us to excavate his theory of value. By means of his understanding of “Tao”, Chuang-tze put his concept into the field of value, in this way form his theory of value with the characteristic of relativism. Chuang-tze’s profound philosophy can be summarized in four phrases: “Tao as the source of the world”, “uniformity of things”, “non-action in face of nature” and “absolute freedom”. The ideal personality advocated by Chuang-tze is that of a “real man” ——the surpassing integrity of pure temperament and elevated spiritual delight untouched by the outside distractions ——which is far beyond the usual concept of life and death of this world. What is more, Chuang-tze referred some traits of real man and also talked about some ways toward real man which is the same as that of current positive psychology. Therefore, Chuang-tze can be regarded as the earliest positive psychologist in ancient China
TA Today: A New Introduction to Transactional Analysis
No full textTransactional analysis is a theory of personality that can be applied in virtually all fields of psychology: educational, counseling, organizational and psychotherapy. Besides the theory on personality, TA also provides us with a theory of communication, a theory of child development, and a theory of psychopathology
Analysis of Identification Accuracy: Determining the Accuracy of Eyewitness Identifications Using Statement Analysis
No full textStatement analysis has been used for years to determine the accuracy of statements. The Judgement of Memory Characteristics Questionnaire was revised in the current study to assess the accuracy of eyewitness identifications. Participants watched a video of a theft then identified the perpetrator from a line-up. Two statements were obtained: descriptions of the perpetrator and post-identification statements. The characteristics present in descriptions did not predict identification accuracy. However, analysis of the characteristics present in post-identification statements resulted in two predictive factors: Quality of Description and Amount of Detail. Statement analysis of post-identification statements resulted in a 70% correct classification rate of identifications. Further development of this measure and subsequent application of it to forensic investigations could help minimize the detrimental effects of inaccurate identifications
Organizational Science: The New Frontier
No full textIn a constantly changing environment organizations face complex challenges and therefore an interdisciplinary level of analysis would be more appropriate in dealing with all these demands. Organizational Science is an emerging field which attempts to address the shortcomings of other disciplines that work in isolation by studying organizations and how they deal with theoretical and practical problems from a multiple perspective. In this issue’s interview, we talked to Dr. Steven Rogelberg, Professor in the first Organizational Science doctoral program at UNCC
Clinical inclusion of dissociative episodes-a case study
No full textWe described a clinical case presenting with dissociative and PTSD-like symptoms and we attempted a diagnosis and some symptom explanations in the light of existing theories about trauma and dissociation
Implicit organizational behavior: What employees aren’t aware of may be important!
No full textNo abstract available
Stereotypes Revised – Theoretical Models, Taxonomy and the Role of Stereotypes
No full textTraditionally social psychologists had been “stereotypical” about stereotypes. Especially the early work in this field presented stereotypes as misleading, extreme and destructive in the context of inter-group relations
Biased Judgements of Euro Coins’ sizes: Stimuli-specific and Interindividual Suggestive Effects
No full textSuggestibility regarding the biased estimations of Euro coins from alleged different countries was examined. It was predicted that images regarding different nations would affect these estimations. In an experimental between-subjects design, 160 German participants had to rate the size of the image of a Euro coin. Across all conditions it was the same image, but the background information about the coin’s origin was different: Participants were told that this coin was Dutch, French, German or Portuguese. Significant differences for the resulting estimates were identified across experimental conditions and in regard to participants’ age. The alleged Portuguese coin was rated to be relatively small; older participants estimated this coin to be smaller than younger participants did. For the supposed German coin, this correlation was reversed. Implications for future research are discussed
Excellence through diversity: Interview with a prolific researcher
No full textBroadly speaking, researchers can be classified into two groups: those that focus on one specific area of research and others that publish across many topics. For this issue’s interview, we talked to Dr. Timothy Judge, professor and researcher in I/O psychology/business/organizational behavior that publishes across various areas from selection to work-family conflict. We interviewed Dr. Judge about research in general and about some of his interests
Psyched out by numbers: Altruism and the dangers of methodolatry
No full textTry to remember the last time you helped someone. It may have been a relative, a friend, or a stranger on the street. Helping may have been easy, or may have involved considerable effort. The question is: why did you help? Was it to benefit the other person, or to benefit yourself? ‘Of course I helped to benefit the other person’, most people would say