Europe’s Journal of Psychology (PsychOpen)
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Do positive emotions help us cope with occupational stress?
No full textOccupational stress is considered as one of the most important work-related psychological problems. To date, research findings demonstrate that specific coping strategies lead to positive results, via the impact of specific positive elements such as relaxation and reframing. The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions (Fredrickson, 1998, 2001, 2003) provides an alternative approach suggesting that positive emotions experiencing leads to beneficial psychological results. In this study we examined the relationship between positive emotions and strain in a sample of 2775 professionals. The results indicate that the experiencing of positive emotions is negatively correlated with occupational strain and that overall and discrete positive emotions predict strain over and beyond stressors
Memory for emotional events: The accuracy of central and peripheral details
No full textThe emotional intensity of an event is a significant predictor for vividness of event memory. Nevertheless, during the last few decades, there has been some confusion in literature as to whether emotional events are poorly or well retained. It is important to consider that not all details of emotional events are equally remembered: Memory for the central details seems to be relatively good, whereas memory for peripheral details appears to be relatively poor. The aim of the present study was to investigate the accuracy of central vs. peripheral details of an emotional event in a natural but controlled context: the emotional event is a simulated life event, the central and peripheral details of the emotional event were controlled. Indeed previous research work was simply based on the induction of an emotional state in an experimental context and subsequent assessment of a performance memory task. Results showed that, following an emotional event, individuals provided a vivid and accurate recollection not only of the central gist of the event, but also of the context and peripheral details. Implications for literature on emotional autobiographical memories were discussed
On culture and human development: Interview with Barbara Rogoff
No full textIn this interview Professor Barbara Rogoff explores the many ways in which culture shapes the course of human development, and illustrates this with several findings from her past as well as most recent work. These reveal the vital importance of growing up in a family and a community for the human child and participating, from early on, in their various rituals and practices. Building on and enriching cultural psychological sources, Professor Rogoff offers us a comprehensive framework with which to understand both cultural and developmental phenomena and, above all, their multiple intersections. Her suggestions will prove to be invaluable for all the students of culture and community life in their ontogenetic expression
Solidarity, Memory and Identity: Interdisciplinary Conference
No full text20-21 September 2012 Gdańsk, Polan
Brain, Mind and Behaviour: A New Perspective on Human Nature
No full text2nd edition Authored by David L. Robinson Pontoon Publications, 2009 Brain, Mind and Behaviour describes new discoveries concerning the relationship between brain-function and individual differences in human personality and intelligence. These new findings along with related theoretical developments provide new insights concerning the greatest mystery of all: human nature and the human mind.The book will be of great interest to those who wish to know more about human nature, especially psychologists and those concerned with the psychological significance of neuroscience. It is an essential reading for undergraduate and postgraduate psychology students with a main interest in personality and individual differences and for those psychologists who are professionally concerned with mental health, education, human resource management and areas where knowledge of personality and individual differences is of primary and fundamental importance
11th European Conference on Psychological Assessment
No full text31 August 2011 to 3 September 2011 Riga, Latvi
The differential impact of prognostic and process expectations versus panic severity on depressive symptoms in panic disorder with agoraphobia
No full textBackground: Panic disorder with agoraphobia (PDA) co-occurs highly with depression. Greater panic symptoms, agoraphobic avoidance, comorbidity and anxiety sensitivity have all been linked to depressive symptoms in PDA. Psychotherapy research has historically linked prognostic and process expectationsto symptom severity. However, no study has explored the relationship of expectancies and depressive symptoms in PDA. The purpose of the present study was to determine the extent to which expectations and panic symptomatology have a differential impact on depressive symptoms in PDA above and beyond the influence of anxiety sensitivity and secondary Axis I comorbid disorders (e.g., generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder) just prior to entering therapy. Method: The relationship between depressive symptoms, panic symptomatology and expectancies (i.e., prognostic and process expectations) was investigated in 74 patients with a primary diagnosis of panic disorder with agoraphobia. It was hypothesized that expectancy measures rather that panic symptomatology would add to the prediction of depressive symptoms beyond the effects of secondary comorbid disorders and anxiety sensitivity. Results: The findings showed that prognostic and process expectations accounted for significant variance in depressive symptoms beyond that predicted by anxiety sensitivity and secondary Axis I comorbid disorders. In addition, PDA symptomatology failed to significantly enter into our prediction model. Conclusions: These results suggest that expectancies have a greater impact on depressive symptoms in PDA regardless of the secondary comorbid disorders and severity of symptoms in PDA. Implications of these findings on the treatment of PDA are discussed
Health Psychology’s role in sexual health care
No full textThis article provides an overview of the current and potential role of health psychology in sexual health care. Research, which applies various behaviour change techniques, is reviewed alongside one of the most extensively used theories, the Theory of Planned Behaviour (see Conner and Sparks 2009). This paper aims to link theory to practice giving the reader an indication of the range of work that health psychologists are involved in, and how this could be applied to sexual healthcare practice which supports positive behaviour change
Hospital culture, work satisfaction and psychological well-being
No full textThis study examined the relationship between self-reports of hospital culture and indicators of work satisfaction and engagement, perceptions of hospital functioning and quality of nursing care, and psychological well-being of nursing staff in Turkish hospitals. It represents the first study of its kind. Data were collected from 224 staff nurses using anonymously completed questionnaires, a 37% response rate. Two aspects of hospital culture were included: hospital support and hospital health and safety climate. Hierarchical regression analyses, controlling for both personal demographic and work situation characteristics, indicated that hospital culture accounted for significant increments in explained variance on most outcome measures, particularly work outcomes. Interestingly, hospital support and hospital health and safety climate were associated with different outcomes in several cases. Explanations for the association of hospital culture with various outcomes are offered along with potentially practical implications
Hospital restructuring and downsizing: Effects on nursing staff well-being and perceived hospital functioning
No full textThe health care system, and hospitals, underwent considerable restructuring and downsizing in the early to mid-1900s in several countries as governments cut costs to reduce their budget deficits. Studies of the effects of these efforts on nursing staff and hospital functioning in various countries generally reported negative impacts. Health care restructuring and hospital downsizing was again being implemented in North America in 2009/2010 as governments struggled to once again reduce deficits at a time of worldwide economic recession. This study examines the relationship of downsizing and restructuring efforts with work and well-being outcomes. Data were collected from over 289 nursing staff working in California hospitals in 2009/2010. This research considers the relationship of number of hospital restructuring initiatives reported by nursing staff with indicators of their work satisfaction and psychological well-being and their perceptions of the impact of these initiatives on aspects of hospital performance. Nurses reported a relatively large number of restructuring and downsizing initiatives during the preceding year. Consistent with findings reported over 15 years ago, nursing staff reporting a greater number of restructuring and downsizing initiatives indicated less favorable work and well-being outcomes and more negative effects on hospital functioning. Some suggestions for more successful approaches to cost reductions are offered