European Journals of Social Sciences Studies
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THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY INSTITUTIONS IN GHANA: A CASE OF ACCRA TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY / L'IMPACT DU CHANGEMENT ORGANISATIONNEL SUR LA PERFORMANCE DES INSTITUTIONS UNIVERSITAIRES TECHNIQUES AU GHANA : UN CAS DE L'UNIVERSITÉ TECHNIQUE D'ACCRA
No full textAccra Technical University over the years has made internal changes at the academic registry, especially, in the area of structure, staff roles, and ICT. The reason for these changes, whether the objectives of these changes have been achieved, and how these changes have impacted on the performance of the academic registry remained unanswered. The study filled a gap by investigating the impact of organizational change on the performance of the academic registry. The study used a qualitative approach in gathering the data for the study. The findings revealed that the main objectives for the structural, task, and technological change initiative at the academic registry were to improve performance, streamline the activities and core functions of the registry, and ensure accountability at the registry. The findings of the study also revealed that the major structural change of creating units with heads to perform different roles and functions at the registry had a positive impact on performance. On the contrary, the findings revealed that technological change and change of task of staff had no impact on performance. The findings of the study revealed some key managerial issues in which alternative courses of action have been recommended to address the issues.L'Université technique d'Accra a apporté au fil des ans des changements internes au registre académique, en particulier dans le domaine de la structure, des rôles du personnel et des TIC. La raison de ces changements, si les objectifs de ces changements ont été atteints et comment ces changements ont eu un impact sur les performances du registre académique restent sans réponse. L'étude a comblé une lacune en étudiant l'impact du changement organisationnel sur la performance du registre académique. L'étude a utilisé une approche qualitative pour collecter les données de l'étude. Les résultats ont révélé que les principaux objectifs de l'initiative de changement structurel, de tâches et technologique au sein du registre universitaire étaient d'améliorer les performances, de rationaliser les activités et les fonctions de base du registre et d'assurer la responsabilité au sein du registre. Les conclusions de l'étude ont également révélé que le changement structurel majeur consistant à créer des unités dotées de chefs chargés de remplir différents rôles et fonctions au sein du Greffe a eu un impact positif sur les performances. Au contraire, les résultats ont révélé que les changements technologiques et les changements de tâches du personnel n'avaient aucun impact sur les performances. Les conclusions de l'étude ont révélé certains problèmes de gestion clés pour lesquels des mesures alternatives ont été recommandées pour résoudre les problèmes. Article visualizations
ROUSSEAU'S THEORY OF DEMOCRACY AND ITS RELATION TO DEMOCRACY IN VIETNAM
Get PDFSince ancient times, democracy has played a crucial role in political life. It is associated with essential values such as freedom and equality. The value of democracy is widely recognized, but in terms of form, democracy does not have any general pattern. It is for this reason that democracy in each country is organized differently, leading to the situation where some countries do not fully appreciate the democracy of another country or use their democracy to evaluate and condemn the democracy of another country. This is a considerable barrier to integration and cooperation for mutual development. The people of Vietnam are peace-loving people who wish to cooperate for mutual development with all friendly countries, but Vietnam's foreign relations face many obstacles because of its political characteristics. Democracy in Vietnam was established by President Ho Chi Minh very early, in accordance with the country's own political and historical conditions. Democracy in Vietnam has both a unified and specific connotation compared to the general theory of democracy. The practice of Vietnam's democracy over the years shows that this "specificity" not only does not "distort" democracy but also contributes to enriching and deepening the theory of progressive democracy. The article attempts to analyze Rousseau's theory of democracy in order to clarify common human values about democracy. At the same time, it relates to democracy in Vietnam, thereby aiming to clarify that Vietnamese democracy is a progressive democracy that contributes to the protection and promotion of human rights and civil rights, freedom, and peace in the world. All of this aims to contribute to the improvement of mutual understanding and respect, promoting the spirit of "openness" to international cooperation and dialogue for mutual development in today's era. Article visualizations
THIRTY THREE (33) YEARS ON: AN ASSESSMENT OF ECOWAS TRADE LIBERALIZATION SCHEME AND ECONOMIC INTEGRATION IN THE WEST AFRICAN SUB-REGION
Get PDFThe ECOWAS Trade Liberation Scheme (ETLS) is the main ECOWAS Operational tool in bringing a free trade area and economic interaction for the West African Sub-region. Although there are few minimal achievements of the scheme, there are a lot more obstacles bedevilled the full implementation of the scheme after 44 years it had been drawn up, and 33 years after it became fully operational. Therefore, the crux of this study was an assessment of whether the scheme has succeeded in the creation of a free trade area, customs union and economic integration in the West African sub-region. The study adopted the custom Union theory as the theoretical framework of analysis. The major finding of the work was that there cannot be a free trade area without any products to trade as the lack of export diversification has been one of the major obstacles to attaining a free trade area and economic integration in West Africa. Other findings included but were not limited to, the inadequacies of laid-down policies coupled with the constant circumvention of such policies, the absence of harmonization of policies and standards and much more. In the final analysis, the study recommended among others, the improvement in levels of production in individual member states through policies and programmes, eliminating of all forms of trade barriers as well as the private sector involvement in the decision-making and the implementation process of ECOWAS protocols and schemes for a fair representation of their interest. Article visualizations
EFFECTS OF FINANCIAL SOURCES AND SOCIO-CULTURAL FACTORS ON PERFORMANCE OF WOMEN-OWNED MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES IN KISUMU CITY COUNTY, KENYA
Get PDFWomen-owned enterprises play a significant role in contributing to a country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by creating employment opportunities. However, the manufacturing sector in Kisumu City County, has witnessed poor performance, coupled with less than 10 percent of the women participating in this sector. Despite this poor performance and low participation rate, there has been limited exploration into the factors influencing the performance of women exclusively within this sector. Therefore, the study aimed to determine the effects of financial sources and socio-cultural factors on the performance of women-owned manufacturing enterprises. The study employed a descriptive research design. Data was gathered through a questionnaire administered to 48 women selected using a simple random sampling technique. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to analyze the data using Excel and STATA Software. The results of multiple regression analysis established that women who secured funding from banks during shortages and initial capital depicted high performance. Additionally, factors such as household size, spousal decision-making regarding property utilization, and spousal control over the enterprise earnings had a negative effect on the performance of women-owned manufacturing enterprises in this County. Top of FormThe study recommends that policies need to be formulated to finance informal sectors such as Chamas where the majority of women prefer to increase the amount of loan accessed. Additionally, women should acquire more advanced entrepreneurial skills that are instrumental in making independent decisions and having better control over productive resources without utterly relying on their spouses. JEL: L60; M10 Article visualizations
CONTRIBUTION OF UMURENGE SACCOs ON FINANCIAL INCLUSION OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS IN RWANDA – A CASE EVIDENCE FROM NYAMASHEKE DISTRICT, RWANDA
Get PDFThe study titled “Contribution of Umurenge SACCOs on financial inclusion of women entrepreneurs in Rwanda - A case evidence from Nyamasheke District” was about assessing the impact of Umurenge SACCOs as microfinances on the financial inclusion of women entrepreneurs in the area under study. The study was guided by three objectives, firstly to determine the contribution of Umurenge SACCOs on the financial inclusion of women entrepreneurs in Rwanda, second to assess the main factors influencing the financial inclusion of women entrepreneurs in Nyamasheke District and third to test whether there is a significant difference in means of women entrepreneurs’ income before and after joining the financial services delivered to them by Umurenge SACCOs. In this regard, the Multinomial Logistic Regression model was performed using a maximum likelihood estimation method on the data set collected to find the parameter estimates of the model describing the relationship between the explanatory and the outcome variables and determine the significance of the predictor variables that contribute significantly to the financial inclusion of women entrepreneurs in the area under study. The study adopted both qualitative and quantitative approaches to collect data from 395 respondents. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS-23. In this analysis, the results revealed that on the total of eleven independent variables that we thought to contribute to the outcome variable, the explanatory variables such as age group, income, living place/location, political factor and payment of social security/type of the job of the respondents to whom the study was conducted; were dropped from the training set of explanatory variables that contribute significantly to the financial inclusion of women entrepreneurs in Nyamasheke District, Rwanda. In the model selection that overall fits well the data, the explanatory variables that contributed significantly to the outcome variable governing the study were obtained to be were education status, formal accounts, formal savings, formal credits, attractiveness of the financial products and type of job that the respondents under study possess. The parameters estimate of the selected model revealed that the predictor variables that best predicted the probability of increasing the financial inclusion status of women entrepreneurs in the area under study were education level of respondents, formal credits, formal savings and attractiveness of the financial products that Umurenge SACCOs possessed. The study also found that there was a significant difference in means of women entrepreneurs’ income before and after joining the financial services delivered by Umurenge SACCOs and finally recommended that the microfinance institutions should strengthen the policies governing the formal savings, formal credits and financial products which are attractive towards the financial performance of entrepreneurs. Article visualizations
DIPLOMATIC STRUGGLE FOR MAINTAINING THE REVOLUTION AND STRENGTHENING THE REVOLUTIONARY GOVERNMENT IN VIETNAM FROM SEPTEMBER 1945 TO THE 1946 PRELIMINARY AGREEMENT
Get PDFAfter the successful August 1945 Revolution in Vietnam, the imperialist forces and reactionary henchmen in Vietnam conspired together to attempt to overthrow the newly established revolutionary government and destroy the achievements of the Vietnamese revolution. In this extremely dangerous situation, relying on the revolutionary momentum and strength of the newly liberated nation, the diplomatic struggle was soon deployed with clever and flexible strategies and measures that contributed to an important part in creating a temporary pause in order to maintain and strengthen the revolutionary government and to take advantage of preparing the strength for the national resistance war. The article focuses on clarifying the process of peaceful diplomatic struggle with Chiang Kai-shek's army in North Vietnam and stepping up the resistance against the French colonialists' re-invasion in South Vietnam by the Indochinese Communist Party and the Government of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. The process of diplomatic struggle was deferred with France, coming to a preliminary agreement on March 6, 1946, pushing Chiang Kai-shek's army out of Vietnam. Article visualizations
SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF INCARCERATED MALE ADULTS WITH ADHD IN SELECTED PRISONS IN KENYA
Get PDFAttention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a mental disorder characterized by difficulties in behaviour control. This study aimed to explore the socio-demographic characteristics of incarcerated male adults with ADHD in selected prisons in Kenya. A mixed methods approach was employed, combining quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis. The target population consisted of incarcerated male adults aged 18 to 65 years. The study revealed important insights into the profile of these individuals. The majority of respondents fell within the age range of 20 to 50 years, indicating a prevalence of ADHD among individuals in their prime adulthood. Common previous occupations included agriculture, transport-related, and casual jobs. Marital status analysis showed a significant number of married respondents, highlighting family responsibilities among incarcerated male adults with ADHD. In terms of education, the majority had levels below college, with primary and secondary education being the most common backgrounds. First-borns had the highest representation, and many respondents came from large families with four or more children. Mothers were reported as the most common parent during the respondents' childhood. Regarding income levels, the majority had low-income levels, reflecting socioeconomic challenges faced by incarcerated male adults with ADHD and their limited financial resources. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the socio-demographic characteristics of incarcerated male adults with ADHD in Kenya. The insights gained from this study may inform targeted interventions and support services within the prison system to address the specific needs of this population. Article visualizations
EFFECTS OF COLLECTIVE ACTION ON PERFORMANCE OF WOMEN-OWNED MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES IN SELECTED COUNTIES IN KENYA
Get PDFMicro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are imperative in boosting manufacturing in Kenya. Stakeholders including the government have advanced initiatives to promote MSMEs by providing affordable loans and developing policies to help them thrive. Despite these efforts, there is sluggishness in the way manufacturing enterprises owned by women perform. Collective action could be employed to reverse this situation considering that most women are good at networking. This study’s objective is to determine the effect of collective action on the performance of women-owned manufacturing enterprises. The study uses the primary data collected by interviewing 55 women who owned enterprises. The women were selected through a simple random sampling technique and a structured questionnaire administered. This data was complemented by published data from government policy documents. Descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analyses were done to establish the degree to which collective action influenced how women-owned manufacturing enterprises performed in Kenya. Spearman’s Rank correlation analysis established that collective action was strongly and positively correlated with the performance of women-owned manufacturing enterprises. This was further investigated through regression analysis and it was found that collective action positively affected those enterprises' performance. The study recommends that women who own enterprises in the manufacturing sector should embrace networking through belonging to a group(s) or business organization(s) in order to improve the performance of their enterprises.JEL: L25; J16; D70 Article visualizations
DIGITAL TRANSITION AT GOLDEN YEARS: UNCOVERING WHAT FUELS, THE SHIFT TO DIGITAL BANKING SERVICES AMONG MALAYSIAN SENIORS
Get PDFThe purpose of this research is to identify the factors that affect the behavioural intention to adopt digital banking among senior citizens in Malaysia. The adoption of digital banking among senior citizens is relatively low compared to the younger generation. Therefore, a survey was conducted to evaluate the factors that affect the behavioural intention to adopt digital banking among senior citizens in Malaysia. 390 questionnaires were collected from senior citizens in Malaysia's Klang Valley. Based on the data collected, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to evaluate the responses. The findings suggested that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, price value, habit, social influence, and hedonic motivation significantly influence the behavioural intention to adopt digital banking among senior citizens in Malaysia. This study's findings will allow banks, financial institutions, and policymakers to broaden their understanding of what drives the adoption of digital banking services and the obstacles that stand in the way of adopting these services. The results from this study can aid financial institutions and the banking sector in improving or enhancing these factors so that elderly banking consumers can benefit and experience the total value offered by the banking sector. The banking sector should develop digital banking services appropriately to entice senior citizens to use digital banking services. The digital banking platform should be aesthetically designed to improve senior citizens' experiences. The marketing of digital banking could be strategized based on the factors studied in this research. Article visualizations
TRANSFORMING DEVELOPMENT MODELS TO ADAPT TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN VIETNAM TODAY
Get PDFIn the context of climate change and increasing sea level rise, unpredictably affecting the survival of humanity, there is a danger of erasing the economic development achievements of countries. In response to climate change and sea level rise, countries have transformed their growth model to green growth - considering this an inevitable development trend, both a means and a result of sustainable development and environmental protection. Vietnam is not an exception to that general trend. The article clarifies a number of contents related to climate change, overviews climate change in Vietnam in the past time and scenarios to cope with climate change to clarify the transition to green growth in accordance with the circumstances of Vietnam, thereby making some recommendations to better implement green growth in Vietnam in the coming time. Article visualizations