European Journals of Social Sciences Studies
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INFLUENCE OF MICROFINANCE SERVICES ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN KIRINYAGA COUNTY, KENYA
Get PDFThis study sought to ascertain the influence of microfinance services on the financial performance of MSMEs in Kirinyaga County. Specifically, the study sought to determine how microcredit services, micro-saving services and business consultancy services offered by Microfinance institutions influenced the financial performance of MSMEs within the county as operationalized by growth in their sales turnover. The study was anchored on the theories of Information Asymmetry and Financial Intermediation. The study’s target population comprised the MSMEs operating within Kirinyaga County and adopted the descriptive research design. The studied MSMEs were purposively selected from the townships of Sagana, Kerugoya, Kutus, Kagio, and Kagumo. Primary data was collected using structured questionnaires and analysis of the collected data was performed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The results were presented using tables and charts. The study found that all the services offered by microfinance institutions had a positive and significant influence on the financial performance of MSMEs. Effectively, the study recommended that the owner-managers of the MSMEs should have more strategic engagement with the Microfinance institutions in tapping the services extended by them. Further, sustained efforts should be made by policy formulators to promote and strengthen microfinancing in pursuit of Vision 2030. JEL: L10; L20; M10; G20 Article visualizations
THE IMPACT OF HUMAN RESOURCE MOTIVATION ON PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS’ PERFORMANCE IN RWANDA - CASE STUDY: BRALIRWA PLC (2017-2020)
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to assess the impact of human resource motivation on the performance of private companies in Rwanda, specifically to assess the effectiveness of human resource motivation in Bralirwa PLC, within the period of 2017-2020. The targeted population of 80 staff members. The study used a primary method that involved questionnaires. A secondary method of data collection involved a desk review of relevant materials. Data collection was then analyzed using both Stata and SPSS software. The study indicated that there is a significant correlation between human resource motivation and private institutions in Rwanda. It was seen from analysis of responses, that there a correlation of 0.748(74.8%) is located in the interval [0.50-0.75[categorized as a positive and high correlation. As the significant level is at 0.01 (1%), the p-value of 0.000 (i.e., 0.0%) is less than 1%. This leads to confirm that there is a significant relationship between Human Resource Motivation and the performance of private companies in Bralirwa PLC. The training program is put in place where employees must be trained about their work and jobs in order to carrying out their work easily with a good attitude and confidence. 90% of respondents received training as a motivating factor toward performance. As the majority has been trained, it shows that employees are motivated by that additional ability to work, as they are working in changing environment. As the table above indicates, 21.5% of respondents told us that promotion depends on how the employee is committed to work, 34.3% said that promotion depends on service rendered, 7.1% said that promotion is based on the level of education of employees and 37.1% of respondents said that promotion depends on the employee professional experience. In general, the total asset turnover of Bralirwa PLC has good results in sales in four years in 67.6% in 2017, 73.4% in 2018, 82.7% in 2019 and 78.9 in 2020, in this way, investment in total asset in Bralirwa PLC is efficient. Based on information found from respondents and the questionnaire used during the research period, first hypothesis saying that there is effective human resource motivation in Bralirwa PLC is applied effectively has been verified and confirmed. The study recommends that Bralirwa should enhance human resource mobility to maintain production hence effective performance. They conclude that there is a significant correlation between human resource motivation and private institutions in Rwanda. Article visualizations
EMPLOYEE TRANSCENDENCE AND PERFORMANCE OF HOTELS IN SOUTH-SOUTH, NIGERIA
Get PDFThis research centred on investigating the relationship between transcendence, as a dimension of the emerging theme of spiritual intelligence and employee performance in 3- and 4-star hotels in the South-South of Nigeria. The research focused on a total of 3 objectives addressing the relationship between transcendence and employee performance measures such as contextual, task and adaptive performance. Data were obtained from 234 staff from 36, hotels using the questionnaire. Reliability tests for the instruments yielded positive and substantial alpha coefficients (where α > 0.70). Correlation analysis was carried out using Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation tool, and the test showed that transcendence significantly contributes toward outcomes of the task, contextual and adaptive performance, hence, all null hypotheses were rejected. It was affirmed that transcendence plays a key role in the extent to which employees are able to carry out their routine tasks, build relationships with significant others and also learn effectively. It was thereafter recommended that the management of the 3- and 4-star hotels in the South-South geographical region of Nigeria should focus on developing and advancing favourable work environment which is conducive to workers’ engagement in spirituality and their development of spiritual intelligence particularly in the area of transcendence. Article visualizations
A SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF NATURAL DISASTERS AND RESPONSE IN SINDH, PAKISTAN
Get PDFClimate change is the most important issue of the 21st century, the whole world is facing the consequences of climate change. Countries that are poor and have low capacity are always vulnerable to natural disasters. Many initiatives are being taken to improve the resistance power of communities affected by disasters. This study was conducted to analyze the utilization of funds and capacity to respond to disasters caused by flash floods in 2010. The study was conducted using key informant interviews and focused group discussions. A thorough qualitative analysis was conducted to understand the financial and technical initiatives taken by the government to respond to the disaster. The data were analyzed using simple thematic and content analysis methods. The study has identified the common threats of riverine floods in affected districts and the capacity of the local and provincial governments. The study has also analyzed the pre-disaster preparations and capacity of the government. Two districts were taken understudy from Sindh province one from the north and one from the south. The study found the obvious flood threat for the southern district was the left bank outfall drain hereinafter (LBDO). Whereas the potential flooding threat for the northern district was the river Indus. The study found that the existing government structure and community are not strong and prepare enough to face disasters. The study has identified capacity-building and preparation gaps at the levels of community and government. The study has identified the gap in managing and analyzing regular data and building a structure that facilitates on-time evidence-based decisions to reduce the impact of future disasters. Article visualizations
THE IRAQI OIL INDUSTRY: HISTORY AND OVERVIEW
Get PDFThe first attempt at producing oil in Iraq dates to the nineteenth century, when Germany explored oil in Iraq during the period (1860-1880). A series of dramatic changes have occurred in the Iraqi oil sector, as well as the agricultural sector, because of revolutions, conflicts, wars, instability, and uncertainty. The Iran-Iraq war occurred from 1980 to 1988, the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in 1990, the subsequent Gulf War, UN sanctions, the 2003 war, and regional destabilisation caused by the Islamic State terrorist group, contributed to restrictions and underinvestment. Despite the positive effects, such as increased export revenues and development opportunities, resource-rich states are often plagued by the resource curse. Conflicts resulting from resource curse raise serious questions about international security. Poor oil revenue has plagued Iraq’s economy since the second half of the 20th century. Its economy was heavily influenced by the oil sector. However, oil wealth benefits the government first and last, and the Iraqi people appear to benefit little, consequently there are protest demonstrations by citizens in various Iraqi cities against widespread unemployment, poverty, corruption, deterioration of electricity supply, education, health, and the intensification of the housing crises. Due to the lack of other productive sectors such as agriculture, industry, tourism, mining, the Iraqi economy remains a rentier economy based primarily on crude oil exports. Khrushchev used Iraq’s land to threaten the West without consulting the Iraqis. Iraq still faces many threats today as Iran and the United States negotiate the Iranian nuclear issue. Article visualizations
A STUDY ON THE FACTORS THAT IMPACT THE FUTURE TRENDS OF MARKETING: EVIDENCE FROM THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY IN KLANG VALLEY, MALAYSIA
Get PDFThe hospitality industry has been impacted by the Covid-19 Pandemic and is still ravaging several nations. Therefore, changing the normality of business operations and activities, especially in marketing trends, is crucial. This research evaluates the factors that impact future marketing trends, focusing on the employees in the hospitality industry within Klang Valley, Malaysia. In this research, the independent variables (impact of the post-Covid-19 Pandemic, transition process from traditional to digital marketing methods, consumers’ reactions towards digital marketing, and possibility of leveraging Industry 4.0) and their relationship to the dependent variable (future trends of marketing in the hospitality industry) were studied. Surveys via Google Forms were disseminated to employees in the hospitality industry within the Klang Valley. The data collected from 390 respondents from the hospitality industry contributed to this research by determining the correlated factors which shaped the future trends and practices in marketing. These factors were supported by the analysis modules and the underpinning theory developed by previous researchers. Based on the response, female respondents have responded more than male respondents, with the Malay ethnic group being the majority. Subsequently, most respondents have attained a bachelor’s degree and worked in the industry as junior executives for nearly 15 years. This study has proven that the transition process from traditional to digital marketing methods, consumers’ reaction, and the possibility of leveraging industry 4.0 has a significant relationship with future marketing trends. In conclusion, this research shows that technology transformation and consumer-centric methods can significantly change the landscape of marketing for the hospitality industry in the future. Article visualizations
DECOLONISING GHANAIAN PARLIAMENTARY DRESS CODE
Get PDFDress fashion has sociocultural, economic and political expressions. In the political purview, dress fashion remains a viable catalyst capable of provoking dialogue for democratic action as people could proclaim their allegiance to a group or country through their dress fashion. In Ghana, there have been several attempts to decolonise the dress fashion culture. This study sought to deepen the advocacy dialogue through analysis of Facebook reactions to Right Honourable Alban Sumana Bagbin’s adornment of indigenous Ghanaian royal dress regalia for parliamentary business and his clarion call on the floor of Ghana’s parliament on January 25, 2022, on the need to decolonise Ghanaian parliamentary dress code. Through the adoption of a mixed approach situated within the convergent parallel research design, censused Facebook reactions of Ghanaians regarding Speaker Bagbin’s clarion call were examined. Sentiment analysis was used as the data analysis tool. The study revealed Ghanaians' overwhelming endorsement and commendation for Speaker Bagbin’s adornment of indigenous Ghanaian royal dress fashion for parliamentary business. The study concluded that Ghanaians are clamouring for parliamentary dress code decolonisation as part of the pragmatic steps to revamp the sickening textile and fashion industry to deal with increasing fashion needs of the people. To ensure exemplary leadership of wearing made in Ghana by the legislature, executive and other arms of government to push the decolonisation agenda beyond mere rhetoric of wear Ghana, is to make the practice statutory. In that regard, Ghana’s parliament must make laws to make what the executive, legislature and judicial wear in discharge of the duties in the public sphere statutory to contribute to developing the textiles and fashion industry for job creation, preservation of cultural values and national identity. Article visualizations
THE EFFECT OF INTEGRITY COMPLIANCE ON TASK PERFORMANCE IN THE ROYAL MALAYSIA POLICE (RMP)
Get PDFToday, integrity compliance is one of the crucial and became major requirements that have to be met to improve the best work culture and ethics in the organization. This is also to ensure continuous improvement of service quality and excellent tasks performed by organization personnel. Organizations with a workforce that embraces high integrity will undoubtedly have an excellent reputation in society, and the ability to provide quality services and, as well, as significant performance improvements. Recently, there were some complaints and dissatisfaction by the public with RMP personnel in relation to their integrity level. This research aims to investigate integrity compliance which consists of policy and procedures, training programme and commitment as determinants that precipitate the deterioration of police personnel integrity values and task performance. A quantitative study was used supported by structured questionnaires survey for obtaining primary data and information needed. A structured interview was also conducted with selected officers. There were 261 respondents involved and data were collected from selected police districts in Sarawak. Based on rigorous reviewing of past literature, instrument designing and subsequent pilot testing with three (3) hypotheses identified. The data were analyzed and tested using the statistical technique SPSS version 26. The findings revealed that integrity compliance has a direct relationship with police personnel’s task performance. A significant regression equation was found, F(3, 258)= 30.945, p< .05, with an R² = .265. The R² value of .265 indicates that 26.5% of the variation in work performance is significantly explained by the model containing the three independent variables; policy and procedure, training programme and commitment. Therefore, the study contributes to the development of integrity and compliance literature by providing a reasonable explanation of its effects on police personnel’s task performance. Article visualizations
YOUTH EDUCATION AND ORIENTATION TOWARD HO CHI MINH'S IDEOLOGY IN THE CONTEMPORARY CONTEXT
Get PDFDuring his time, Former President Ho Chi Minh had consistently emphasized the central role, position, and competence of the young generation in realizing the Party and the people's revolutionary path. He believed, “The youth are the future owners of the home country. Indeed, the vitality of the home country, whether it is prosperous or wilting, depends largely on the youth.” Before passing, his words had become the guiding principle for leaders of the Communist Party of Vietnam, “Nurturing future revolutionary generations is of utmost importance and necessity.” Especially, given that the functioning of the current market economy has revealed its multiple drawbacks, it is salient to educate and orient the youth following Ho Chi Minh's ideology to produce a young generation that is moral in ethics and efficient in labour. Article visualizations
CONTROL ACTIVITIES AND FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY LESSONS FROM THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT CONSTITUENCIES DEVELOPMENT FUND IN KENYA
Get PDFThe objective of NG-CDF is to promote human and infrastructural development at the community and constituency levels. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of control activities on the financial accountability of NG-CDF funds in Kenya. The study was structured on; agency theory, fraud triangle theory, and accountability theory. Positivism research philosophy guided the study. A correlation research design was adopted. The target population of the study was 1160 respondents while the sample population was 288 respondents consisting of; 72 committee members, 72 sub-county accountants, 72 fund account managers, and 72 internal auditors. It was established that there exists a strong and positive association exists between control activities and financial accountability evidenced by; r = 0.718. Control activities were further established to have a significant effect on unsupported expenditure which was confirmed by β = 2.157, P-value 0.005. It was recommended that the NG-CDF management committee should strengthen the separation of duties and ensure that the stipulated guidelines for approval are followed at all times.JEL: G10, G20, G32 Article visualizations