European Journals of Social Sciences Studies
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IMPACT OF DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES AND COMPENSATION ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION: A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON BANKING INDUSTRY OF BANGLADESH
Get PDFThis descriptive study investigated the relationship between development opportunities and compensation with employee retention. Analyzing two turnover determinants, development opportunities, and compensation, and their impact on the banking sector and comparing them to find a more effective retention factor is the main goal of the study. Data were collected from national, foreign, private, and specialized banks employee throughout Bangladesh, and 234 employees were chosen from the population of 197,599 using the convenience sampling method. The study questionnaire was prepared using a five-point Likert scale and which sent to the respondent online and personally. To examine the primary data IBM SPSS version 23 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) was used and the result of the independent sample t-test was found that statistically there is no significant difference in the case of different gender on employee retention. Coefficient correlation finds that development opportunities and compensation are significantly correlated with employee retention but multiple regressions find that compensation is more significant than development opportunities on employee retention. Managers need to project compensation plans perceived by employees at different levels so that the organization's goal can be easily reached. Previous studies that are on employee retention measured the impact of development opportunities and compensation. But this study considers the comparative impact regarding the use of which one is most significant for employee retention. Article visualizations
NIGERIA BORDER CLOSURE AND THE ECOWAS PROTOCOL ON FREE MOVEMENT OF PERSONS, RESIDENCE AND ESTABLISHMENT AMONG MEMBER STATES: IMPLICATION FOR ECOWAS SUB-REGIONAL COHESION
Get PDFThis study was on the Nigeria border closure and ECOWAS protocol on the free movement of persons among member states: implications for sub-regional cohesion. Thus, the 2019 policy of Nigeria’s Government to close borders between its neighbours Benin Republic, Cameroon and Niger Republic was followed by the circular issued on 20th August 2019 and disseminated to all border security agents. The people living around border communities largely depend on cross-border trade for their survival, and closing the border has led to difficulty and hardship for those living around the border. On the other part, the government proclaimed that closing its border has numerous benefits and for security reasons which will ensure economic growth and development of Nigeria, whereas member states of the West African sub-region believed this action to be, an affront and counter-productive act to ECOWAS protocol on the free movement of goods and persons in the West African sub-region and for the sub-regional integration at large. Hence, the main objective of this paper was the assessment of the border closure and its implications on sub-regional cohesion. The research study made use of a secondary source of data collection and data from the secondary sources were subjected to qualitative content analysis, with the main purpose of assessing the implication of the border closure on the sub-regional integration as stipulated by the ECOWAS protocol. The Theory of Comparative Advantage as propounded by David Ricardo was adopted for the work. His notion significantly explained the theoretical exploration and analytical discussion of the need for a country to trade and relate with other countries in various ramifications with certain advantages especially when these countries are under a common economic bloc, as the case in ECOWAS. The findings showed among other things that the policy of border closure by the Nigeria government has so far been counter-productive, as other West African member states with particular reference to Ghana, have started rejecting and getting Nigerian goods out of their countries, thereby posing a serious threat to economic cohesion of the sub-region. The study recommended among others that the policy of border closure should always consider the poor people who are about 87 million in Nigeria and became subject to hardship following the closure of cross-border trade. And that such border closure was not necessary when the effort was being made to fully actualize the principles of the ECOWAS protocol as applied to all member states. Article visualizations
ACCREDITATION AND HEALTH SERVICE DELIVERY IN RWANDA - A CASE STUDY OF ACCREDITATION PROJECT OF KING FAISAL HOSPITAL, KIGALI
Get PDFAccreditation is a crucial internationally recognized evaluation process used to assess and enhance the quality, efficiency, and effectiveness of healthcare organizations. It is based on the idea that adhering to evidence-based standards can lead to high-quality healthcare services. However, accreditation often involves significant costs, making it essential to evaluate its worth, especially in resource-limited regions like public healthcare organizations in Rwanda. This study examined the contribution of the accreditation project to the quality of healthcare in King Faisal Hospital, Kigali. This study used a retrospective research design with a quantitative approach whereby 354 patient records were reviewed, of which 71 represented the period before accreditation, 169 represented the period after the first accreditation, and 114 represented the year in which the hospital was preparing for the third accreditation. In addition, secondary data analysis was conducted on available data from the Office of Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI), Office of the Chief Executive Officer, and Office of Human Resources. One-way analysis of variance was performed at a significance level of <0.05 to test for differences between the three time periods examined. The findings resulting from this analysis showed that accreditation is associated with improved healthcare service delivery (p < 0.001). The health service provided was permitted for only 11.3% of the patients served before the hospital's accreditation, while it was permitted for 90.5% of the patients served after the accreditation. In addition, the accreditation process optimized management and leadership efforts to improve the delivery of healthcare services through ratification, implementation, and monitoring of clinical policies, guidelines, and protocols, as well as an established workforce capacity-building system. Therefore, it is worth tackling accreditation as a strategic approach to improving the quality of healthcare services. Article visualizations
EFFECT OF BANK LOAN FINANCING POLICIES ON PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN TURKANA COUNTY, KENYA
Get PDFLoans are considered to be the basic source of financing Small and Medium Enterprises in developing countries like Kenya. However, the majority of SMEs continues to face challenges in obtaining loan facilities resulting in poor performance and closures. Hence, the study investigated the effect of bank loan financing policies on the performance of SMEs in Turkana County, Kenya. The study was guided by two research questions: In what ways do collateral requirements affect the performance of small and medium sized enterprises in Turkana County, Kenya? And how does financial information affect the performance of small and medium sized enterprises in Turkana County, Kenya? The study was anchored on correlation research design and targeted a population of 2037 licensed SMEs from different sectors in Turkana County. Stratified and simple random sampling techniques were employed to select a sample of 334 SMEs. A questionnaire for SMEs was used as the instrument of data collection that collected data on the independent and dependent variables. The research instrument was tested for validity and reliability before being taken to the field. Analysis of data was done through the quantitative method. Analysis of data to answer the research questions was done by using descriptive statistics; frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviation. Data analysed was presented in the form of frequencies and percentages, mean, and standard deviation. The research result showed that there existed a significant negative effect of collateral requirements ( and performance of SMEs. However, the second null hypothesis was accepted (p>0.05) because leading to the acceptance that there was no significant effect of financial information on the performance of SMEs. The study concludes that loan financial policies had a significant effect on the performance of SMEs in Turkana County. The study recommends that financial institutions need to revise their loan financing policies to make them attractive to SMEs as they have been found to be influencing their performance. JEL: L20; G2
EXAMINE THE CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR NGITURKANA CHRISTIAN CONVERSION TO ISLAM
Get PDFIn places that were formerly unfriendly to Muslims, the number of converts has risen dramatically in recent years. Numerous examples may be cited, including the conversion of Christians in South Korea to Islam, as well as native-born Britons. Igboland, the Christian core of Nigeria, is also experiencing this trend, as seen by the proliferation of Islamic schools/institutions, Mosques, and well-off Igbo converts to Islam. While it was formerly thought that the economic motive was driving the majority of Igbo converts to Islam, recent research has shown that this is no longer true. According to Lines Kevin, the intellectual element of Islam is a major draw for Igbo converts today. Since it is often held that the Igbo are concerned with money, it is also commonly held that they converted to Islam to earn more wealth; nevertheless, the findings of the present study would contradict this belief. The practice of people changing their religious affiliation has been going on for centuries, and it remains a fascinating and relevant issue in the modern world. As an example, consider the Ngiturkana people's shift from Christianity to Islam. The purpose of this research is to look at the difficulties and potential benefits of this occurrence, particularly as they pertain to the Ngiturkana people of Kenya. Ngiturkana Christians' decisions to convert to Islam provide several obstacles and possibilities, and it's crucial to have a full picture of the situation. Converting to Islam, on the one hand, may open doors to new spiritual communities and give people a renewed sense of purpose in life. On the other side, converts may face hostility and rejection from loved ones and the public, as well as challenges in locating a welcoming religious group and obtaining necessary religious materials. The goal of this research is to offer a thorough analysis of the difficulties and potential benefits of the Ngiturkana people's decision to convert from Christianity to Islam. The research will look at why people convert, how converts feel, and how the public views conversion. The research aspires to add to the continuing discourse on religious tolerance and variety by providing greater knowledge of this significant phenomenon. Article visualizations
EFFECTS OF SCHOOL DISTANCE ON GIRLS’ EDUCATION AND INFLUENCE ON GENDER INEQUALITY IN SECONDARY EDUCATION: CASE STUDY OF COMMUNITY SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN PANGANI AND HANDENI DISTRICTS, TANZANIA
Get PDFGender equality in education has been an issue of interest in developing strategies for many countries across the world whereas gender issues have been integrated into the world development agendas. Despite efforts made to achieve gender equality in education, few countries worldwide have attained full gender parity in secondary education. Tanzania like other SSA countries has worked hard to achieve gender equality in education as given by EFA goal number 5, MDG goal number 3 and currently SDG goal number 5. However, the problem of girls dropping out early from school and poor academic performance continues to be prevalent (URT, 2016). Long school distance is pointed out as one of the factors influencing gender inequality in secondary education. This study, therefore, examined the effects of school distance on girls’ education and its influence on gender inequality in secondary education. The study was guided by three specific objectives, which were carried out through Cross-Sectional - Convergent Parallel Mixed methods research design to allow simultaneous collection and merging of quantitative and qualitative data. The sample was obtained by using simple random sampling and purposive sampling techniques making a total of 101 sample sizes, comprising 79 respondents for quantitative data and 22 for qualitative information. Data analysis involved thematic analysis for qualitative data and descriptive statistics for quantitative findings. Study findings revealed that girls are more vulnerable to the problem of long school distances than boys because of biological formation and socially constructed beliefs about gender roles. The study findings noted that school distance encourages the prevalence of sexual harassment, early sexual relations and teenage pregnancy among school girls all of which lead to poor academic performance and or school dropout. Additionally, this study indicated that school distance coupled with the burden of domestic chores negatively affects girls’ school attendance, classroom learning and academic performance. This study, therefore, concludes that long school distance is one among main factors that affect girls’ education and contribute to the persistence of gender disparities in secondary education. To resolve the problem, this study recommends on the introduction of education PPPs so as to merge efforts among education stakeholders in building school hostels in every community secondary school in the country and fully furnish them with the required facilities. Article visualizations
THE IMPACT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN ACHIEVING THE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE OF THE HORTICULTURAL SECTOR: A CASE STUDY OF KHARTOUM STAT (2011-2021)
Get PDFThe study focuses on the impact of strategic leadership on the competitive advantage by applying it to the horticultural sector in Sudan, Khartoum State, it is an applied and analytical study carried out in the periods (2013-2022). The statement of research problem is that, there is a defect in the competitive advantage of horticultural sector as a result of improper application of strategic leadership. The research main question was that, is there an impact of applying, the strategic leadership on competitive advantage of horticulture sector in Khartoum State? The research aims at identifying the relationship between strategic leadership and competitive advantage in the horticultural sector in Khartoum state. The study reached out a number of results most important of it: it works to enhance the competitive advantage between organizations, namely organizations concerned with the agricultural sector. Concentration on leadership and pioneers has become an urgent necessity to keep pace with the rapid development in various sciences, especially agricultural sciences. The study recommended, that attention should be made to infrastructure and export including but not limited to transportation, communication, storage, cooling, packaging, repackaging and display, which had a significant impact on Sudanese exports, facilitating the import of improved seeds and working to establish the seed industry locally, exempting horticultural crops from all fees and taxes, urging organizations to import fertilizers and pesticides to treat horticultural crops, and exempt them from customs duties, producing horticultural crops that compete in the markets by paying attention to fight pests that prevent the growth of crops, distorts their shape, and deviate them from competition in global markets. The study recommended that, there should be an integrated marketing information center to be close to embassies, economic and commercial attaches, encouraging participation in foreign fairs, creating partnerships with foreign investors in the field of horticultural exports marketing to create opportunities in global markets.JEL: Q10; Q13; O12 Article visualizations
MULTICULTURALISM AND ETHNIC DIVERSITY IN THE FACE OF HOMOGENOUS NATIONALISM IN FINLAND
Get PDFFinland as a country has not been on the receiving end of migration for a long time. However, in the last two decades, there has been an increase in the number of people immigrating to Finland than those emigrating. With the increasing cultural and ethnic diversity, the country’s migration policies have attempted to accommodate immigrants even in the face of homogenous nationalism. This study examines the limits of multiculturalism and ethnic diversity and how it affects the social integration of immigrants into Finnish society. Based on the current population dynamics of Finland, there is tension between increasing multiculturalism and a native approach that informs the homogenous representation of the Finnish identity. There are clearly limits to which immigrants can express their cultural identity and conditions to which a middle ground for social integration between immigrants and Finnish citizens can be reached. With the aid of semi-structured interviews, this study seeks to obtain an empirical evaluation of the experiences of immigrants in the process of settling and socially integrating into Finnish society. Article visualizations
EXPERIENCE OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF VIETNAM IN COMBINING MILITARY AND DIPLOMACY (1954 - 1975)
Get PDFCombining military struggle with the diplomatic struggle in the resistance war against the US, saving the country demonstrates the Party's art of leadership, which is a factor in Vietnam's strength to win over the US. The victory in the resistance war against the US and the salvation of the country demonstrated that the party's combination was correct and creative, and it provided the revolution with a number of valuable experiences. Article visualizations
HARNESSING SOCIAL CAPITAL THROUGH SPORT - EXPLORING THE ROLE OF FOOTBALL IN THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC INTEGRATION OF AFRICAN MIGRANTS IN SWEDEN
Get PDFIntegration ought to be a two-way process, requiring adjustments from both migrants and native residents. However, more adaptation is often required of and indeed achieved by the migrants than host communities. Fortunately, participation avenues such as sports offer opportunities for these migrants to interact with and learn from host communities. This study, therefore, explored how African migrants utilize football to create social relations and develop the social capital necessary for their integration in Gothenburg, Sweden. The study employed a qualitative methodology, specifically semi-structured in-depth interviews conducted digitally. Ten adult African migrants living in Gothenburg were interviewed and data was analyzed thematically. The Social capital theory and the Conceptual framework for understanding migrant integration formed the theoretical and analytical framework. Football was revealed as a powerful tool for socio-economic integration, especially since it facilitated migrants’ building of reliable social connections in their host communities. Article visualizations