European Journals of Social Sciences Studies
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THE SCIENTIFIC LITERACY ENABLES POLICYMAKERS TO LEGISLATE ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Get PDFThis research emphasises the significance of scientific literacy for policymakers about the future trajectory of artificial intelligence. The ethical concerns surrounding the development of artificial intelligence are of utmost importance due to its potential social effect. Integrating AI systems into many sectors of society, such as healthcare and banking, necessitates adherence to ethical principles. Strict ethical frameworks must be implemented alongside the development of AI to safeguard against biases, privacy infringement, and ethical shortcomings. Researchers, developers, and policymakers must exercise constant vigilance to address concerns about transparency, accountability, and justice in AI systems. The ethical ramifications of artificial intelligence (AI) transcend technology, including significant ethical considerations for both people and society. Active engagement in ethical deliberations among stakeholders involved in AI development is of utmost importance to guarantee AI's responsible and sustainable deployment. This is a pivotal element in realising the whole potential of AI for the betterment of society. Politicians must comprehensively understand the scientific ideas behind AI to enact legislation in this field effectively. Article visualizations
GESTION DES CIMETIERES ET CROISSANCE DE LA VILLE DE KINSHASA EN REPUBLIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO
Get PDFDans un contexte de pauvreté urbaine, le mode de croissance de la ville de Kinshasa présente de sérieux problèmes d’organisation. La planification y semble absente et tout se résout, tant bien que mal, au coup par coup. Cette situation est aggravée par le manque d’une politique de l’Habitat qui pousse la population à se prendre elle-même en charge pour son logement. Suite aux taux de mortalité élevés dans la ville (autour de 1,2 ‰) les cimetières se remplissent rapidement dans un désordre indescriptible. Ce fait constitue un véritable enjeu du développement urbain. La ville assiste impuissante à une cohabitation dangereuse entre les habitations et les cimetières. Cette cohabitation conflictuelle, définie comme une mixité entre « la ville visible » et « la ville invisible », s’est intensifiée au cours des dernières décennies. L’objectif de cette étude est d’analyser les conséquences de la croissance spatiotemporelle spontanée de Kinshasa et ses cimetières. Pour atteindre cet objectif, les méthodes et les outils suivants ont été utilisés : les enquêtes sur le terrain, les images satellitaires, les cartes, le GPS, les photographies, … Les résultats montrent les variétés de rivalités qui existent entre la ville visible et la ville invisible. Cette étude se situe dans le domaine de l’aménagement urbain et gestion de l’environnement. In a context of urban poverty, the mode of growth of the city of Kinshasa presents serious organizational problems. Planning seems to be absent and everything is resolved, as best it can, on a case-by-case basis. This situation is aggravated by the lack of a housing policy that pushes the population to take charge of their own housing. Due to the high mortality rates in the city (around 1.2‰), cemeteries quickly fill up in an indescribable disorder. This fact constitutes a real challenge for urban development. The city is helplessly watching a dangerous cohabitation between homes and cemeteries. This conflictual cohabitation, defined as a mix between "the visible city" and "the invisible city", has intensified in recent decades. The objective of this study is to analyze the consequences of the spontaneous spatiotemporal growth of Kinshasa and its cemeteries. To achieve this objective, the following methods and tools were used: field surveys, satellite images, maps, GPS, photographs, etc. The results show the varieties of rivalries that exist between the visible city and the invisible city. This study is in the field of urban planning and environmental management. Article visualizations
MODELING TOURIST ARRIVALS IN THE ISLAND GARDEN CITY OF SAMAL: IMPLICATIONS TO BUSINESS OPERATIONS OF TOURISM-RELATED INDUSTRY
Get PDFThis study aimed to model the tourist arrivals in the Island Garden City of Samal (IGaCoS) by utilizing the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) method. Specifically, this paper sought to determine whether there was a statistically appropriate forecasting model using the ARIMA approach, based on which it would be possible to reasonably forecast the number of tourist arrivals in IGaCoS. Quantitative secondary data were analyzed by employing the Box-Jenkins ARIMA. The time series plot was characterized by an apparent increasing trend combined with intermittent sinusoidal oscillations. The time series revealed a steady, gradual increase up until 2020. Next, a sharp decline was observed midway through 2020, indicative of the ill effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. A gradual increase was noted once more, starting in 2021, with some fluctuations. The Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test revealed that the time series was non-stationary at level— but was made stationary after differenced twice. The ARIMA (1,2,1) model was found to be statistically significant. The fitted model initially showed some notable deviations from the original data, but, with time, converged closely to the actual values, proving it is a reliable way to represent underlying patterns. The ARIMA (1,2,1) model, selected for having the lowest AIC and BIC values and a MAPE within the acceptable range for reasonable forecasting, was used to predict tourist arrivals in IGaCoS over the next six months. The forecasted values suggested a mix of fluctuations and stability. There was a noticeable upward trajectory at the beginning, which was followed by a slight decline at the end that yet remained stable. The forecasted results from the ARIMA (1,2,1) model may provide businesses with a roadmap for comprehensive planning in terms of operational and strategic concerns. This study helped address Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) No. 8, Decent Work and Economic Growth.JEL: L83, R11, C53 Article visualizations
THE EFFECT OF VISUAL ADVERTISEMENT ON CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIORS
Get PDFThe response to visual media ads has consistently evolved in response to differences in motivation, desires, expectations, and circumstances. Historically, advertising has been widely recognized as a technique used to help businesses by promoting goods and services, leading to increased expansion and diversification. This marketing tool has undergone iterative refinement and reevaluation processes to reach its present state. This article examines the role of influencers in contemporary visual media commercials on customers' purchasing choices and analyzes their impact on their buying habits. The study results establish that consumers mistakenly see influencers as trustworthy when their profiles are comprehensive and well-developed. Article visualizations
THE FACTORS OF CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE THAT AFFECT LOYALTY AT NOVOTEL HANOI THAI HA HOTEL, VIETNAM
Get PDFCustomer experience is gradually becoming important in improving the efficiency of hotel business operations because it contributes to attracting, retaining customers and increasing loyalty to the hotel. Loyalty plays an important role in creating a competitive advantage and increasing hotel brand value. Therefore, this research has built a model to evaluate experiential factors that affect customer loyalty at Novotel Hanoi Thai Ha Hotel. This research uses secondary data collection methods and expert interviews to determine the evaluation model. The method of surveying customers using questionnaires to collect opinions on the effect of their experiences when using the service has contributed to increasing their loyalty to the hotel. These data were processed quantitatively using SPSS 25.0 software to test Cronbach's Alpha reliability and EFA exploratory factor analysis. Pearson correlation and linear regression analysis show that the factors of customers' experience at Novotel Hanoi Thai Ha Hotel, such as service product, quality service, service price, brand image, service space, customer loyalty program and customer care are all positively affect their loyalty. Among them, service product factors have the strongest effect, and customer care has the least effect on loyalty. This research is the scientific basis for hotels to refer to when proposing solutions to improve customer experience and increase loyalty. At the same time, the established model can also be applied to studies on the effect of experience on customer loyalty in hotel businesses. Article visualizations
THE NARRATIVE INTERVIEW AND THE NARRATIVE ANALYSIS AS METHODS OF EVALUATION - ADVANTAGES, POSSIBILITIES AND LIMITATIONS
Get PDFUsing arguments and concrete examples, he shows that the narrative interview is also an important evaluation method that should not be underestimated. The analysis shows that the narrative interview technique follows the principles of openness, freedom of the interviewee, listening to the interviewer and, above all, spontaneous storytelling. It is noteworthy that it not only allows us to build a bridge between evaluators and stakeholders but also to gather detailed information and different stakeholder perspectives on the evaluation questions. Article visualizations
THE STUDY OF CREDIT RISK IN THE BANKING SECTOR AND ITS EFFECT ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE CASE STUDY OF THE ZENITH BANK SIERRA LEONE
Get PDFCredit risk refers to the probability of financial loss resulting from a borrower’s failure to repay a loan. Essentially, it encompasses the risk that a lender may not receive the owed principal and interest, leading to disrupted cash flows and increased collection costs. Lenders can mitigate credit risk by analyzing factors related to a borrower’s creditworthiness, such as their current debt load and income. In the last decade, many banks have started to make use of models to assess the risks of lending credit. The credit risk models are very complex and include algorithm-based methods of assessing credit risk. Such a model aims to help banks quantify, aggregate, and manage credit risk. Despite the method, the focus of credit risk assessment stays on credit quality and risk exposure. Strategies to reduce losses and manage risks are pertinent in credit risk management. However, banks have to organize and manage the lending function professionally and proactively and use advanced techniques to measure and manage risks. Credit risk management has become a hot topic due to the ongoing global economic crises, the rapid digital transformation, the recent technological innovations, and the growing use of artificial intelligence in banking. Regulators expect banks to have a clear and comprehensive understanding of their customers and their credit risk and to be transparent and capable in this area. As the Basel regulations change, banks will face more regulatory pressure. To meet the changing regulatory demands and to manage risk better, many banks are changing their credit risk practices. However, banks that see this as only a compliance issue are missing the point. The research findings indicate that the bank’s credit management practices have strongly influenced its profitability. In brief, manoeuvring through the complex risk terrain poses a significant hurdle for financial organizations. This requires ongoing adjustments and strategic choices to ensure both stability and profitability. Consequently, persistent academic research is essential to guide management, governments, and regulators. JEL: G21, G32, G33, C53, E58, D81 Article visualizations
RESIDENTS’ PREFERENCE FOR A PROPOSED PARKING FACILITY IN DAVAO CITY: A CONJOINT ANALYSIS
Get PDFThe study explored the clients’ preferences for a proposed parking facility in the central business district of Davao City by using the conjoint analysis method to determine the relative performance and the best combination of the parking attributes as preferred by clients, namely: parking structure, accessibility, safety and security, amenities, and parking fees. A quantitative market research design was applied. The analysis of data utilized the IBM SPSS software to identify the order of relative importance of the chosen attributes and the additive model to measure the total utility of a parking facility by calculating the sum of the constant and the utility estimate of each attribute level with the highest value. The results revealed that the respondents in Davao City prefer a parking facility that is automated multi-level parking, equipped with internet-connected intelligent parking and CCTV surveillance systems, a parking facility near to car washing areas and coffee shops, and a parking fee priced at P30.00 for the 1st 3 hours. The findings of the study served as a reference to prospective investors and businessmen who would be interested to know how the market behaves in relation to the attributes necessary in a proposed parking facility to address the parking problems in Davao City, and to achieve a better transportation management system to improve the quality of life of people, the economy, and the environment. Article visualizations
UNLOCKING POTENTIAL: THE POWER OF SELF-EFFICACY AND ENGAGEMENT IN ENHANCING JOB PERFORMANCE IN MALAYSIA’S F&B MANUFACTURING SECTOR
Get PDFThe aim of this research is to examine the relationship between employees’ self-efficacy components (behavioural, cognitive and motivational engagement) and their job performance in the F&B manufacturing sector in Klang Valley, Malaysia. In this study, researchers explored how cognitive engagement, defined as a worker’s intention to engage in their work, motivational engagement or the drive to exceed their tasks’ requirements and achieve excellence and behavioural engagement, which refers to an employee's positive attitude towards their work, were predicted from self-efficacy. Overall, self-efficacy is an individual’s firm belief that (s)he can succeed in performing a specific task. The quantitative survey method was applied, and the sample included 183 employees who work in the food and beverage manufacturing sector in Klang Valley. The results illustrate that while behavioural engagement has not been proven to have a substantial influence on the job performance of an employee, both cognitive and motivational engagement have greatly impacted job performance with a significant positive relationship. Cognitive engagement can be seen as an individual’s enthusiasm and willingness to put in effort to be able to accomplish any specific task. As such, it has demonstrated a significant relationship with job performance. Motivational engagement, or the desire to outdo specific task requirements and avail high-quality performance, was also significant and had a positive impact on job performance. On the other hand, behavioural engagement, which refers to an employee's positive attitude towards their work, which enhances motivation and performance in organizational activities has revealed an insignificant influence on job performance. Thus, this study has proven the need for any organization to enhance both cognitive and motivational engagement in order to improve the performance of all employees, along with the success of such organizations. Article visualizations
POLICE VISIBILITY AND NEIGHBORHOOD CRIMES AMONG SELECTED BARANGAY IN DAVAO CITY, PHILIPPINES
Get PDFNeighborhood crimes have been one of the major problems worldwide, and it is getting worse as time goes by. This study aims to determine the effectiveness and impact of police visibility as a crime prevention tool for neighborhood crimes in selected barangays in Davao City. The research has utilized quantitative research and survey methods in the performance of this study as a tool for collecting data. The researchers utilized an adapted questionnaire from the study of España & Nabe (2023), A Scale Development on Neighborhood Crime in Davao City: An Exploratory Factor Analysis, and a study by Borovec et al. (2019), Police Visibility as an Influencing Factor on Citizens' Perception of Safety. Research was conducted on 300 random participants from districts 1, 2, and 3 in Davao City. The statistical tools employed in understanding the data gathered are Descriptive Statistics, Spearman’s Rho, and Multiple Regression Analysis. The findings show that the increase in police visibility is associated with reduced occurrences of social disorder, social disorganization, and breakdown of social control. The result of this study found that the overall mean of neighborhood crimes is 3.17 with a standard deviation of 0.59, which indicates an average mean level; it shows that the residents do not feel completely safe in their neighborhood due to the uneven distribution of safety perception. Thus, to promote a safer environment, the community should work and build strong relationships with their neighbors and police officers. Article visualizations