European Journals of Social Sciences Studies
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CAPACITY BUILDING FOR CIVIL SERVANTS AND STATE MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATIONS OF VIETNAM'S SEAS AND ISLANDS
Get PDFVietnam's seas and islands greatly influence political and legal life for national, regional, and international development in history, present, and future. The article analyzes the need and importance of capacity building for civil servants and state management organizations on seas and islands in the context of developing the marine economy and protecting Vietnam's sea and island sovereignty. With a long coastline and a rich island system, Vietnam is facing many challenges from resource exploitation, and climate change to national security and defense issues. The article discusses the current status of the sea and island management capacity of civil servants, officials, and related organizations, including limitations in expertise, management skills, and the ability to respond to complex situations. The article also proposes strategic solutions to improve management capacity through training, professional development, enhanced international cooperation, and application of modern technology in sea and island management. The article emphasizes that improving the capacity of civil servants and state management organizations is the key to effectively implementing policies for sustainable marine economic development and protecting national maritime interests, making an important contribution to the comprehensive development of Vietnam. Article visualizations
THE COMORBIDITY OF DEPRESSION AND PTSD IN SEXUALLY ABUSED CHILDREN: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Get PDFBackground and Purpose: In recent years, the incidence of child sexual abuse (CSA) has significantly increased, particularly among younger children. Such traumatic experiences can have profound and long-lasting effects on a child's mental health, often leading to an increased risk of developing disorders such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study aims to investigate the comorbidity of depression and PTSD in children who have experienced sexual abuse. The primary objective is to examine whether these two disorders frequently coexist in children subjected to CSA. Method: This study follows the PRISMA 2020 guidelines and employs a systematic review methodology. No statistical analysis methods were utilized. The research sample also included adolescents, providing a broader understanding of the effects of CSA across different age groups. Results: The findings revealed a strong correlation between child sexual abuse and the comorbidity of depression and PTSD, indicating that children who have been sexually abused are at a heightened risk of developing both disorders simultaneously. Conclusion: Children who have experienced sexual abuse are highly likely to develop both depression and PTSD. However, further research is necessary to deepen our understanding of this comorbidity and to explore effective interventions. Article visualizations
HEAT TRANSFER ANALYSIS AND TURBULENCE MODELS INVESTIGATION OF NUCLEATE BOILING FLOW IN NUCLEAR REACTOR APPLICATION
Get PDFBoiling water exhibits an exceptionally high heat transfer coefficient, making it a valuable tool across numerous applications. However, once the heat flux surpasses a certain elevated threshold, the heated surface can no longer sustain continuous liquid contact. This is associated with a significant decline in heat transfer efficiency. The result may be a sudden spike in surface temperature within a heat flux-controlled system, or a dramatic decrease in power transferred in a temperature-controlled system. In the present study, the heat flux has been investigated in a circular channel heated by two roads. Parameters with emphasis on water flow velocity correlated with different heat transfer values from the roads. The methodology contains both laboratory experiments and a simulation model. The obtained results indicate that different heating surfaces play an important role in boiling heat transfer. Also, there is a clear relationship between the water flow and surface temperature. The amount of absorbed temperature increases by about 13% in a flow of 0.45 m/s. while in the water flow velocity 0.89 m/s and 1.34 m/s vary to 16.3% and17% respectively. The other impressive result is the phenomenon of alternate water temperature values due to certain regional temperatures. It's observed that there is a difference in heat absorption based on the amount of heat flux from the surface. The general rate of heat flux in the system was 6736.557 W/1°C for each square meter of heat generation. The obtained information is useful in controlling the boiling water reactor from sudden shutdown and also in controlling the boundaries in the design phase. Article visualizations
‘LOOBAN’: A MULTIPLE-CASE STUDY ON DELINQUENCY OF TEENAGERS SHAPED BY DYSFUNCTIONAL FAMILIES
Get PDFYoung people engage in delinquent behavior. It covers crimes against persons, crimes against things, crimes against public order, and drug offenses. Delinquent behavior is, therefore, an unmanageable activity that affects the community. This research presents the different experiences of three delinquent teenagers whose dysfunctional families shaped them in a community called “Sitio Looban” in the Philippines. This study utilized a qualitative multiple-case study to understand and describe the different stories of each participant-case. The study sought to answer the research questions about the family factors that contribute to the delinquency of teenagers, their delinquent experiences, and their feelings and thoughts as delinquent teenagers. The researchers used an in-depth interview to gather the necessary data from the informants. Within-case and cross-case analysis were used to analyze the data, wherein emerging themes were created to describe the family factors that contributed to the delinquency of the teenagers, which include broken family, poor parenting, home discord vis-à-vis peer influence, child neglect, poor family, and family binge drinking. Emerging themes were also created to discuss the delinquent experiences of teenagers, which involve theft, using counterfeit money, and gambling cheating. There were also emerging themes created to describe the feelings and thoughts of the delinquent teenagers, which include: unconditional love and support, happiness towards friendship, regrets, fear, embarrassment, and hatred and anger. This study supports the Strain Theory and Social Control Theory, which explain that negative relationships with family lead to delinquent behaviors in teenagers. Implications for practice and future researchers are provided in this paper. Article visualizations
ORGANIZATIONAL JUSTICE AND OCCUPATIONAL STRESS AMONG POLICE PERSONNEL
Get PDFOccupational stress is common among employees, but its effect often is devastating, particularly for those who have hazardous jobs such as police officers. The connection between organizational justice and occupational stress was the focal point of this study, wherein 313 police officers from the Davao City Police Office assigned in various Police Precincts were taken as respondents of the study. Questionnaires were distributed, and the data were treated using Mean, Pearson r, and Multiple Regression as the statistical tools. The result discloses the following: The level of organizational justice among police personnel in Davao City is high; the level of occupational stress among police personnel in Davao City is moderate; a significant relationship exists between organizational justice and occupational stress among police personnel in Davao City; and organizational justice significantly influences occupational stress among police personnel in Davao City. The study's implications concern the total concentration and dedication of police officers in fulfilling their duties, which could be hampered by occupational stress. The latter could be treated with the Philippine National Police Administrators employing intervention programs that could lessen occupational stress if not eliminated, such as reorganization and formulating effective policies that would lessen the pressure from the police personnel. Article visualizations
“GAMING THE SYSTEM”: HOW COMMUNITIES STRATEGIZE AROUND CURRENCIES, CONVERTIBILITY AND CASH TRANSFERS IN KENYA
Get PDFWe draw from ongoing empirical research on the evolution of community currencies in Kenya, to analyse ways through which beneficiaries of cash transfers mediated by a community cryptocurrency – Sarafu – appropriate power and assert agency to obtain optimum financial benefits of the development intervention. We found that beneficiaries of the intervention have developed a deep knowledge of converting Sarafu to donor-funded cash transfers in the national currency. Consequently, the beneficiaries innovatively game conversion rules, both as individual efforts and collective action, to increase the economic benefits they draw from the cash transfers. We argue that development beneficiaries, instead of merely being subjects of development intervention, are active makers of their own economic lives and have a profound understanding of development projects, which they creatively exploit for their own benefit. By doing so, we further argue, beneficiaries contribute to the continuous structuring of interventions by putting development agencies on their toes and forcing them to revise their approaches and strengthen weak points. We conclude that assigning agency to development beneficiaries has the theoretical benefit of unravelling and appreciating the multidirectional flows of power in development assistance. Findings call for the need to involve beneficiaries in development interventions from its very conception. Article visualizations
TRUST RELATIONSHIPS AND PROFESSIONAL IDENTITIES IN GREEK PRIMARY SCHOOLS: A STUDY IN THE CONTEXT OF PERMACRISIS
Get PDFIn the present paper, we attempt to present and analyze the levels of trust in the school unit, both the existence of trust relationships and the degree to which they exist, as well as the quality that characterizes them. We focus on differentiated professional identities and whether these are related to levels of trust. The structural condition of the permacrisis is particularly important for the study. The fact that Greece's recent social, economic, and political context has been characterized by volatility also adds significant weight to the study. The debt crisis, as the starting point of the successive crises, the permacrisis, has brought about insecurity and uncertainty. At the same time, the social subject cannot act within the social and economic context. The permacrisis is a compound word, defined as a prolonged period of instability and insecurity, incorporating all the crises. Health, economic, environmental, and geopolitical crises, and the social subject's sense of yet another anticipated crisis. All these individual mosaics that each crisis brings gradually make up the setting for the diversification of the professional identity of the teacher. We chose mixed methods research as the methodological approach, combining quantitative and qualitative approaches. Questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were used as research data collection tools. The target population included teachers and primary school headteachers of primary education school units in Western Greece. The research sample was extracted from these populations through simple random sampling, ensuring the sample's representativeness. This research, including the quantitative and qualitative approaches, was conducted from May 2023 to February 2024. The main results include that the condition of the permacrisis is gradually entering the micro level, negating the linear, and replacing it with the liquid. The risk society is no longer located only in the theoretical sphere but also in the lifeworld, in the everyday life of the social subject. We observed that it is evident that the social subject, and in our case, the teacher and the headteacher, is trying to cope with multiple changes and incorporate structural crisis, liquidity, and subjective risk into his actions. Several conceptualizations emerge by linking the phenomenon of the permacrisis with the phenomenon of the trust crisis. Article visualizations
NAVIGATING THE DIGITAL PAYMENT LANDSCAPE IN MALAYSIAN SMES: POST-COVID-19 CHALLENGES AND KEY DRIVERS OF ADOPTION
Get PDFThis study aims to examine the relationships between perceived consumer purchase behaviour, technological readiness, and merchant and government support in driving the adoption of digital payments by Malaysian small and medium enterprises (SMEs) after the COVID-19 pandemic. The objectives are to provide data-driven insights into the factors enabling the transition to cashless transactions and Fintech solutions. The study surveyed 211 SME owners/managers in the Klang Valley, Malaysia, via questionnaires. The target population consisted of SMEs operating in sectors like food and beverage, retail, professional services, and manufacturing within the Klang Valley. The findings revealed that perceived technological readiness had a statistically significant positive relationship with digital payment adoption among the SMEs surveyed. However, perceived consumer purchase behaviour and merchant/government support did not show significant relationships with adoption. The implications suggest that enhancing SMEs' technological capabilities through infrastructure upgrades, employee training, and system compatibility is crucial for driving cashless adoption. Financial institutions can leverage these insights to design user-friendly digital payment solutions tailored to SME needs. SME owners can benefit by understanding areas requiring improvement in technological readiness for successful digital payment integration. Policymakers gain valuable information to create enabling environments through regulations, awareness campaigns, and support mechanisms. Ultimately, increased digital payment adoption by SMEs can enhance consumer convenience, financial inclusion, operational efficiency, and economic resilience. The study highlights collaborative efforts among stakeholders as vital for fostering a conducive ecosystem for SMEs' digital transformation. Article visualizations
EXISTING AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING INNOVATIONS AND FARM MANAGEMENT PRACTICES BY WOMEN FARMERS IN DAVAO DEL SUR: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Get PDFAgriculture plays a vital role in the economic development of Davao Del Sur, Philippines. However, traditional farming methods often limit productivity and sustainability. As the sector faces numerous challenges, such as climate change, resource scarcity, and changing market demands, innovative solutions are essential to enhance farm management practices. In recent years, agricultural engineering innovations have gained attention as a means to address these challenges. Further, analysing how innovations benefit women farmers can maximize their positive impact. However, some innovations that enhance efficiency may not adequately address women's unique needs. The literature review evaluated current relevant literature and shed light specifically on the existing agricultural engineering innovations employed by one of the agricultural provinces in the Philippines, Davao Del Sur, and highlighted local government units' attention to employing a top-down approach to a more grassroots-oriented approach and provide significance of collaboration to create public value understanding that innovations will be cascaded down to where it matters, and also learn from the feedback of specific areas as to what their needs are specifically women farmers. Article visualizations
EXCHANGE RATE FLUCTUATIONS AND DOMESTIC INVESTMENT: EVIDENCE FROM GHANA
Get PDFExchange rate fluctuation is one of the critical determinants of domestic investment in Ghana. Though exchange rate fluctuations can have an asymmetric effect on domestic investment, other studies assumed a symmetric relationship between these variables. Using annual data from the period of 1980-2017, the Linear Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) and Non-linear Autoregressive Distributed Lag model (NARDL) was used to investigate the symmetric and asymmetric effect of exchange rate fluctuation on domestic investment by creating two new variables to substitute exchange rate fluctuations (appreciation and depreciation variables). From the first objective, fluctuation in the rate exchange was found to harm domestic investment. The second objective confirmed the asymmetric effect of exchange rate fluctuations on domestic investment. Income had a positive effect on domestic investment which affirms the assertion of the accelerator theory of investment. The other explanatory variables included in the study, foreign direct investment and interest rate differential were found to be detrimental to domestic investment while domestic credit to the private sector had a positive effect on domestic investment. The study recommends that the Bank of Ghana should put in place long-lasting, effective, and efficient measures to stabilise the exchange rate.JEL: F31, F41, E22, E44, E51, E52, E58 Article visualizations