European Journals of Social Sciences Studies
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MENTAL HEALTH STRATEGIES IN THE CONTEXT OF SOCIAL ADVERTISING
Get PDFEmotions arise through interaction with the social environment and influence interpersonal relationships. They differ across individuals and are influenced by situational factors and the prevailing social context. Emotions are conveyed through multiple channels of communication, including language, body posture, and gestures, all of which significantly influence interpersonal interactions. Companies promote their products through advertisements on social media, aiming to influence individuals’ emotions and behavior through consistent and repetitive messaging. The overarching aim of advertisements is to elicit emotional responses and guide individual behavior. At the same time, individuals’ preferences for particular advertising messages can reveal key aspects of their personality profiles and the emotion regulation strategies they employ. The purpose of the present study is to contribute to the ongoing scholarly discourse of recent years regarding young adults’ perceptions of others’ expectations, the emotion regulation strategies they adopt, and the extent of socially prescribed perfectionism they experience—examined through the lens of social advertising. Article visualizations
CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN KENYA
Get PDFThe banking industry is regarded as one of the most critical players that drives an economy of any country to the desired level, and without requisite channels, the sector can be adversely affected. As a consequence, the bank's performance is crucial in carrying out its mandate as a financial intermediary. However, bank performance is influenced by a myriad of factors, including firm-related factors and gross domestic product. Based on the research questions, the study analyzed the direct relationship between credit risk management concepts, such as lending requirements, credit monitoring, credit appraisal process and financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. Further, the investigation proceeded to determine whether gross domestic product moderates the relationship between credit risk management and the financial performance of banks. The investigation was anchored on loanable funds theory, asymmetric information theory and Rostow’s economic growth model. As guided by the explanatory research design, the investigation covers all 39 commercial banks currently operating in Kenya. Data was collected using document analysis guided by longitudinal data over the period 2015 to 2022 were gathered thereby giving 288 observations. Data was then subjected to descriptive, correlation and relevant diagnostic test analysis was conducted. Furthermore, a random effect model was used in testing the study’s hypotheses. The results presentation was done using tables and figures. From the findings, there was a positive and significant relationship between lending requirements (β = .04608, p = .000<.05), credit appraisal process (β = .00399, p = .000<.05), as well as credit monitoring (β = 2.79353, p = .000<.05) and financial performance. In addition, gross domestic product lacked the moderating effect in the relationship between lending requirements (β = .0044, p = .293> .05), credit monitoring (β = .023456, p = .501>.05) and financial performance. On the contrary, there was a positive and significant moderating effect of gross domestic product in the relationship between credit appraisal process and financial performance (β = .0085, p = .023<.05). A conclusion was made that lending requirements, credit appraisal process and credit monitoring have a direct effect on financial performance of commercial banks. While annual economic growth significantly moderates the effect of the credit appraisal process on financial performance, it neither moderated the effect of either credit monitoring or lending requirements on the financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. It is recommended that commercial banks put in place stringent lending requirements to reduce default rates and improve loan quality to enhance their sustainability and financial performance in the long run. The commercial banks ought to scrutinize the credit scores of the borrowers to ensure that the borrowers are lent money according to their ability to repay based on their past borrowing records. Commercial banks under study ought to have measures in place to enhance credit monitoring. The government of Kenya also have to have measures in place that can help stabilize the economic growth of Kenya. JEL: G21, G32, E44, E32, C23 Article visualizations
ASSESSING THE EFFECT OF FINANCIAL FLEXIBILITY ON INVESTMENT RETURN OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Get PDFThis study examines how financial flexibility, measured by current ratio (CR), quick ratio (QR), working capital (WC), and cash ratio (CashR), affects investment return proxied by the impact-adjusted rate of return (IARR) of agricultural enterprises in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The study focuses on four key SSA countries: Cameroon, Côte d’Ivoire, Kenya, and Nigeria. Anchored on Agency theory and institutional theory, the study used an explanatory research design and applied a fixed-effect regression analysis to ten-year data (2014-2023) for 23 firms. The findings exerted heterogeneous effects of financial flexibility and investment return. In Côte d’Ivoire, the current ratio was positively significant (β = 5.083, p < 0.1), indicating that liquidity enhances enterprise returns, consistent with the view that flexible financial structures promote investment (Modigliani & Miller, 1958). By contrast, in Cameroon, higher liquidity (CR = -1.443, p < 0.1) negatively affected IARR, implying inefficiency in idle resources, a result aligning with findings by Akinboade and Kinfack (2012) that excess liquidity may constrain productivity in African enterprises. Equally, cash ratio had a relatively positive effect on returns in Kenya (β = 0.0669, p < 0.05), meaning cash availability supports continuity of operations (Nkundabanyanga et al., 2014). The study concludes that enhancing financial flexibility through targeted financial instruments can significantly improve the IARR of agricultural enterprises. Policymakers can work toward providing better access to affordable credit and invest in structural financial market reforms to increase liquidity.JEL: M41-Financial Flexibility, G32-Working Capital, Q13-Agricultural Enterprises, G11-Investment return, O16-Sub-Saharan AfricaArticle visualizations
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE STATE, MARKET AND SOCIETY IN DEVELOPING THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY IN VIETNAM
Get PDFIn the context of the world economy moving towards green and sustainable development, the role of the circular economy is more important than ever. Towards the goal of sustainable development, Vietnam is implementing the transition to a circular economy in the practice of building a socialist-oriented market economy. Therefore, clarifying the relationship between the state, market and society in the development of the circular economy has important theoretical significance for building policies, strategies and solutions to develop this economic model appropriately and effectively. Within the scope of the article, the author focuses on researching the relationship between the state, the market and society when implementing the transition to the circular economy, thereby pointing out practical issues arising when solving the relationship between the state, the market and society in developing a circular economy in Vietnam. JEL: A15, A24 Article visualizations
INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION AS PREDICTORS OF BUSINESS SUSTAINABILITY AMONG AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVES IN DAVAO DEL NORTE, PHILIPPINES
Get PDFThe primary aim of the study is to determine whether intellectual capital and entrepreneurial orientation are predictors of business sustainability. Utilizing a non-experimental, quantitative-descriptive correlation technique, data were obtained from 25 compliant agricultural cooperatives consisting of 807 accumulated employees in the Province of Davao del Norte. The researcher utilized a stratified random sampling technique and an online survey mode of data collection. The researcher also utilised the statistical tools mean, Pearson r, and regression analysis. From the results of the study, it was found that there is a very high level of intellectual capital, entrepreneurial orientation, and business sustainability. Additionally, there is a significant relationship between intellectual capital and business sustainability. Moreover, there is also a significant relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and business sustainability. In addition, among the indicators of intellectual capital, structural capital and customer capital can significantly predict business sustainability. Further, among the indicators of entrepreneurial orientation, innovativeness, proactiveness, risk-taking, and competitive aggressiveness can significantly predict business sustainability. Finally, intellectual capital and entrepreneurial orientation can significantly predict business sustainability.SDG Thrust: #8 Decent Work and Economic Growth; #11 Sustainable Cities and CommunitiesJEL: M10, L26, Q13, O34, C12, D23Article visualizations
STAKEHOLDERS’ AWARENESS, UNDERSTANDING, AND ACCEPTANCE OF MMSU’S VISION AND MISSION, CBEA GOALS, AND PROGRAM OUTCOMES OF THE BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN ECONOMICS
Get PDFThis study assesses the awareness, understanding, and acceptance of Mariano Marcos State University’s (MMSU) Vision, Mission, CBEA Goals, and Program Outcomes (VMGO) of the BS Economics program among key stakeholders, including students, parents, faculty, non-teaching staff, alumni, and industry partners. Findings reveal a high level of awareness and acceptance among most stakeholders, particularly students, faculty, non-teaching staff, alumni, and industry partners, who strongly agreed on the relevance of the VMGO. However, parents demonstrated relatively lower awareness and understanding, suggesting a need for improved outreach. While stakeholders generally recognized the alignment between the VMGO and MMSU’s institutional goals, areas for improvement were identified, including better dissemination through social media, university events, and advisory sessions, as well as enhanced industry linkages and curriculum alignment with economic trends. The study also highlights the necessity for greater faculty and student involvement in strategic planning, increased community engagement, and more accessible information on college goals and program outcomes. Although the study provides valuable insights, limitations include reliance on self-reported data and the lack of qualitative perspectives. Future research should incorporate mixed-methods approaches and comparative analyses. Strengthening dissemination efforts and stakeholder engagement will further enhance awareness and acceptance, ensuring the continued relevance of MMSU’s VMGO in shaping academic excellence and institutional development. JEL: I20, I23, I28 Article visualizations
LEADERSHIP PEDAGOGIQUE DU CHEF D’ETABLISSEMENT DETERMINANT LA PERFORMANCE DU PERSONNEL ENSEIGNANT DES ECOLES SECONDAIRES PUBLIQUES DE LA PROVINCE EDUCATIONNELLE DE LUKUNGA A KINSHASA
Get PDFL’étude a examiné le leadership pédagogique du chef d’établissement et son influence sur la performance du personnel enseignant des écoles secondaires publiques de la province éducationnelle de Lukunga à Kinshasa. Cette explication s’est rendue possible grâce à la méthode d’enquête par questionnaire menée dans un échantillon occasionnel de 132 membres du personnel enseignant des écoles cibles. Les données collectées ont été soumises à l’analyse de contenu et l’analyse statistique univariée et bivariée (pourcentage, moyenne, écart-type, variance chi-carré et coefficient V de cramer, coefficient de corrélation et de détermination). L’étude a conclu que le leadership pédagogique des chefs d’établissement influencent positivement et significativement les performances des enseignants de ces écoles secondaires car grâce le leadership efficace produit des effets sur la préparation des leçons et tenue des documents pédagogiques ; la conduite ou déroulement des leçons en classe; l’évaluation des apprentissages des élèves; la gestion de la classe ou des élèves; la régularité et ponctualité à l’école ; la relation professionnelle avec les autres collègues; le souci d’assurer l’enseignement-apprentissage de qualité et l’amour du travail bien fait et la maitrise des approches, méthodes, techniques et procédés d’enseignement. Les profils du leadership pédagogique des chefs d’établissements des écoles cibles se caractérisent par les styles démocratique et situationnel appliqués dans les diverses activités. Les membres du personnel enseignant de ces écoles apprécient positivement le leadership pédagogique de leurs chefs d’établissement. Les écoles cibles font face à plusieurs problèmes du leadership pédagogique. Article visualizations
DIMENSIONS OF TEACHERS’ PERFORMANCE: A CONFIRMATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS
Get PDFTeachers are often evaluated using tools that focus mainly on what happens inside the classroom, but these miss important parts of their work such as lesson planning, professional growth, student engagement, and community involvement. This study responds to that gap by examining teacher performance as a multidimensional construct shaped by personal, professional, organizational, motivational, and technological factors. Guided by Herzberg’s Motivation Theory, Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory, and Danielson’s Framework for Teaching, the research used a mixed-methods design involving teachers from the Davao Region through surveys and in-depth interviews. Data were analyzed using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and thematic analysis to strengthen the interpretation of results. Findings confirmed several core dimensions of teacher performance, including Personal Growth and Professional Development, Empowering Student Growth, and Strategizing Effective Teaching. Technological proficiency also emerged as an essential component of teaching in the post-pandemic era. The CFA further supported a reliable two-dimensional model of teacher performance, showing that teaching is influenced not only by individual skills and commitment but also by school culture, leadership, and available resources. The study emphasizes that supportive environments—those that encourage collaboration, motivation, and continuous learning—play a vital role in helping teachers thrive. This research offers a validated framework that can guide teacher evaluation, professional development, and education policy aligned with the PPST and the MATATAG Curriculum. It advocates for a shift from traditional, limited evaluation systems toward more holistic, evidence-based approaches that capture the real depth and complexity of teachers’ work. SDG #4: Quality Education Article visualizations
THE MEDIATING ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE LEADERSHIP SKILLS OF COMMISSIONED OFFICERS AND SERVICE QUALITY OF PNP PERSONNEL
Get PDFThis research study aimed to determine the mediating role of organizational culture in the relationship between leadership skills of commissioned officers and the service quality of PNP personnel in Davao City. The researcher surveyed 330 PNP personnel, identified through simple random sampling, using validated questionnaires measuring leadership skills, organizational culture, and service quality. The study employed descriptive statistics, Pearson Product-Moment Correlation, Medgraph with Sobel z-test, multiple regression, and mediation test techniques. Findings revealed that leadership skills, organizational culture, and service quality of PNP personnel were all at a very high level. A significant correlation was observed between leadership skills and service quality, leadership skills and organizational culture, and between organizational culture and service quality. Mediation analysis further showed that organizational culture plays a significant mediating role in the relationship between leadership skills and service quality. These findings underscore the critical role of leadership competence and cultural values in shaping effective service delivery within the police force. Article visualizations
VIETNAMESE NUDE PAINTINGS FROM PERSPECTIVE CULTURAL SYMBOLS
Get PDFIn the process of modernity and contemporary, Vietnamese nude painting that once caused controversy over aesthetic norms, gender discourse and social norms has been repositioned not only as a means of visual expression but also as an ideological space, where the layers of meaning of the body, identity and culture are created. Through the survey of some typical works of Vietnamese painters from the twentieth century to the present, Vietnamese nude paintings both inherit the Asian tradition of discreetness and moral concepts, and absorb modern visual language to affirm a new view of the body. The image of the naked body became a symbol of many conflicts and reconciliations, between the preservation of fine customs and the desire for creative freedom, between the masculine discourse and the attempt to redefine the feminine, between the colonial past and the post-colonial cultural identity. The study also analyzes how nude painting reflects broad social transformations, openness in sexual discourse, globalization in the reception of art, and the shift of beauty from an ideal model to diversity and individualization. At the same time, cultural symbols in nude paintings also contribute to shedding light on how contemporary Vietnamese perceive the power, aesthetics and human value of the human body. Approaching from the perspective of cultural symbolism contributes to overcoming emotional prejudices, building objective scientific awareness, and orienting research, management and conservation. Thereby, Vietnamese nude paintings are positioned as an important component of contemporary art with national identity, integrating international art standards. Article visualizations