European Journals of Social Sciences Studies
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TIMING OPTIMAL DES PAIEMENTS INTERNATIONAUX SELON LES MARCHÉS ASIATIQUE, EUROPÉEN ET NORD-AMÉRICAIN : CAS DE LA RD CONGO / OPTIMAL TIMING OF INTERNATIONAL PAYMENTS ACROSS ASIAN, EUROPEAN AND NORTH AMERICAN MARKETS: THE CASE OF DR CONGO
No full textCette étude analyse les variations des taux de change entre les sessions de marché (Asie, Europe, Amérique) pour optimiser le timing des paiements internationaux, avec une perspective particulière sur la République Démocratique du Congo, dont l'économie dépend fortement des devises étrangères pour ses activités quotidiennes. Cinq paires de devises sont examinées (2023-2025), en accordant une attention spéciale au CDF/USD comme cas d'étude représentatif des défis uniques auxquels font face les économies émergentes Africaines. Notre méthodologie combine analyse statistique, modélisation GARCH et apprentissage automatique (Gradient Boosting) pour identifier les patterns temporels exploitables. Les résultats révèlent des inefficiences systématiques, avec des économies potentielles atteignant 1,5% sur les transactions internationales. La prévisibilité varie considérablement (R²=0,75 pour l'EUR/USD contre R²=0,34-0,40 pour le CDF/USD), reflétant les différentes dynamiques de marché. Cette recherche offre aux entreprises Congolaises, institutions financières et à la Banque Centrale du Congo un cadre pratique pour optimiser leurs opérations de change, réduire les coûts de transaction et améliorer la gestion des réserves, contribuant ainsi à renforcer la stabilité économique nationale dans un contexte de forte dépendance aux devises étrangères. JEL: F31, G15, D53, O55, E58 Article visualizations
SERVICE QUALITY AND CAPITAL FORMATION FROM SELECTED VILLAGE SAVING AND LOAN ASSOCIATIONS IN RWANDA
Get PDFThe present study used the SERVQUAL model to assess the quality of services delivered to village savings and loans associations’ (VSLAs) members. The service given to members enables them to form capital that is used as social and economic investment. The study entitled service quality and capital formation from selected village saving and loan associations in Rwanda has been undertaken with specific objectives as to study the quality of services given to members along with their VSLAs membership, to ascertain the appreciation level of village saving and loan associations services by members, to assess the extent to which the village saving and loan associations contributed to capital formation within members, to determine the relationship between village saving and loan associations and capital formation. The study employed a cross-sectional design with a mixed-methods (qualitative and quantitative) approach. Primary data were collected from 373 participants representing 5429 VSLAs’ members. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and correlational analysis using IBM SPSS version 20. The findings from this study revealed that 90.1% used the funds in a way that the net gain in the future is guaranteed. To assess the service quality, different dimensions have been used, and those include tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy. Based on shared information by VSLAs members, the general service quality appreciation level is at a very satisfactory level of 93.0%. The correlation coefficient of 0.353 indicates the positive correlation between the VSLAs services and capital formation. The significant value of 0.000 is less than the Spearman correlation coefficient (0.353), which shows that the correlation between the two variables is statistically significant. According to the information about the t value of VSLAs services and the t value of capital formation, the alternative hypothesis stating that there is a highly significant relationship between VSLAs services and capital formation is accepted. JEL: G21; C83; L84; O55; O16; R20 Article visualizations
EXPLORING ONLINE COMPLAINT BEHAVIOR DIMENSIONS: A SCALE DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION STUDY
Get PDFThe primary goal of this study is to develop and validate a measurement tool that assesses consumers' online complaint behavior. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, beginning with in-depth interviews of eight (8) e-commerce users, which resulted in the formulation of 36 item statements capturing the different motivations behind online complaints. Afterwards, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was conducted on a sufficiently large sample (n=250), revealing a three-factor structure: Emotionally Driven Complaining, Empowered and Advocacy-Based Complaining, and Complaint Resolution Expectations. In addition, the final model (Model 3), as confirmed by conducting Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), shows strong fit indices, confirming the robustness of the three-factor structure and strong convergent validity. Overall, the results revealed that the scale created is psychometrically valid and effectively captures the complexities of online complaint behavior. The validated instrument is a valuable tool for educators, researchers, and practitioners who aim to understand the motivations behind online complaints. Moreover, this research contributes to achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production) by promoting consumer empowerment, accountability, and transparency in digital marketplaces. Future studies should investigate the reliability of the scale in measuring across various demographic groups and its ability to predict customer loyalty and brand perception. Article visualizations
ENHANCING EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE THROUGH STRATEGIC ETHICAL LEADERSHIP
Get PDFThis mixed-methods sequential explanatory design research was conducted to bridge the literature gap on the differences in the cross cultures of American multinational companies and Ghanaian companies in Ghana by providing knowledge through the identification and comparison of the dimensions of the two cultures to fill the gap in the knowledge derived from the literature. The study population comprised Ghanaians working in American multinational companies in Ghana, Ghanaians working in Ghanaian companies, Ghanaians working for themselves, and Ghanaians who are not employed. The quantitative phase employed a stratified random sampling approach and the use of a questionnaire to collect data, while the qualitative phase used interviews of purposively sampled participants on work ethics. The results were analyzed using SPSS and coded, organized, and categorized using NVivo, respectively. The results indicated that Ghanaian workers in American companies exhibit a set of work ethics similar to those of Americans in the multinational companies, but different from those of Ghanaians working in Ghanaian companies, self-employed, and not employed. The results are generalizable to settings that have similar cultural exposé as Ghana, taking cognizance that the differences are mainly culturally based. Article visualizations
NAVIGATING THE DYNAMICS OF SMALL AND FAMILY TOURISTIC BUSINESS MANAGEMENT: STRATEGIES FOR SUCCESS
Get PDFSmall and family businesses represent the backbone of economies worldwide, embodying tradition, heritage, and personal investment. Despite their modest size compared to corporate giants, these enterprises drive employment, generate wealth, and preserve traditional values. However, managing them presents unique challenges, including limited resources and navigating familial dynamics. This article explores the complexities of small and family touristic business management, offering practical strategies for success. From establishing clear governance structures to fostering a culture of innovation and work-life balance, it provides a roadmap for navigating the intricacies of these enterprises and achieving long-term sustainability and prosperity. Article visualizations
EXPLORING THE COMPLEX INTERPLAY BETWEEN TRANSFORMATIONAL, INSTRUCTIONAL, DISTRIBUTED, TEACHER WELL-BEING AND SYSTEMIC CHALLENGES
Get PDFThis study explores the complex interplay between transformational, instructional, distributed, teacher well-being and systemic challenges. Data was collected through interview schedule, field notes and open-ended questionnaire. Criterion purposeful sampling technique was used to select ten principals from ten schools. Data analysis was conducted using thematic analysis, typological analysis, content analysis and Atlas.ti. The findings have established the complex interplay between transformational, instructional, distributed, teacher well-being and systemic challenges, prevailing leadership strategies used and the complex interplay between them. Principals need to study and learn the application of leadership strategies, apply leadership strategies to optimise their success and to enhance schools academic performance which results on students’ academic performance. Principals should integrate elements of leadership strategies to support teacher wellbeing, enhance job satisfaction, and promote student success. Leadership strategies have the complex interplay on the schools performance which affects schools, teacher performance which could result in positive or negative student academic performance. Article visualizations
BUILDING A DIGITAL COMPETENCY FRAMEWORK FOR CADRES, CIVIL SERVANTS, AND PUBLIC EMPLOYEES IN VIETNAM IN THE CURRENT CONTEXT OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION
Get PDFDigital transformation is becoming an inevitable trend in public administration, requiring cadres, civil servants, and public employees to be fully equipped with digital capacity to meet the requirements of digital government and provide effective public services. This study focuses on building a digital capacity framework for civil servants and public employees in the context of digital transformation in Vietnam. Based on the analysis of international models such as the European Digital Capacity Framework (DigComp), UNESCO Digital Capacity Framework, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and practices in Vietnam. The article proposes a digital capacity framework consisting of three main groups: (1) General digital capacity (including basic digital skills, digital communication, information security, and data processing); (2) Professional digital capacity (linked to the professional requirements of each public service position, data mining, information system operation); and (3) Leadership and management capacity in the digital environment (strategic vision, innovation, data governance, and evidence-based decision making). This digital capacity framework helps guide training, fostering, capacity assessment, and development of public human resources in the digital age. Article visualizations
INCLUSION SOCIALE DES FEMMES EN SITUATION DE HANDICAP AU MAROC
Get PDFL’inclusion sociale des femmes en situation de handicap au Maroc s’est progressivement imposée comme une priorité politique et institutionnelle. Les efforts réalisés en matière d’ancrage normatif et législatifs sont indéniables et témoignent d’une volonté d’ancrer l’égalité et la solidarité dans le projet national. Toutefois, des inégalités structurelles, des pratiques discriminatoires persistantes et un déficit de mise en œuvre freinent encore l’intégration pleine et entière de cette catégorie. L’inclusion sociale des femmes en situation de handicap ne peut se réaliser pleinement sans une vision intégrée, fondée sur la participation active des personnes concernées à l’élaboration des politiques ; une culture des droits ancrée dans l’administration publique et les mentalités ; un renforcement des capacités locales pour adapter les actions aux réalités territoriales et une évaluation continue de l’impact des programmes sociaux. Ainsi, l’inclusion ne saurait être réduite à une série de dispositifs techniques : elle engage un choix de société, celui de garantir à chacun une vie digne, dans une société plus juste et solidaire. The social inclusion of women with disabilities in Morocco has gradually emerged as a political and institutional priority. Efforts made in terms of normative and legislative anchoring are undeniable and demonstrate a desire to anchor equality and solidarity in the national project. However, structural inequalities, persistent discriminatory practices, and a lack of implementation still hamper the full integration of this category. The social inclusion of women with disabilities cannot be fully achieved without an integrated vision, based on the active participation of those concerned in policy development; a culture of rights anchored in public administration and mentalities; strengthening local capacities to adapt actions to territorial realities; and continuous evaluation of the impact of social programs. Thus, inclusion cannot be reduced to a series of technical measures: it involves a societal choice, that of guaranteeing everyone a dignified life, in a more just and united society. Article visualizations
STRATÉGIES DE RÉSILIENCE CHEZ LES ENFANTS ABANDONNÉS SUITE AUX CONFLITS ARMÉS DANS LES VILLES DE BUKAVU ET GOMA À L’EST DE LA RDC
Get PDFDepuis trois décennies, l’est de la RDC est en proie à des violences avec des conséquences psychologiques traumatiques chez les enfants en particulier. A cause de ces violences dues à la guerre, plusieurs enfants se retrouvent orphelins. A cet effet, nous avons rencontré 419 enfants orphelins qui ont vécu les situations de guerres au Nord et Sud-Kivu et nous les avons soumis l’échelle d’évaluation CYRM-28 afin de déterminer leurs stratégies de résilience. Il ressort que ces enfants recourent aux stratégies de résilience axées sur leur capacité personnelle, la collectivité (le soutien de pair) et le contexte social pour faire face à leur situation-problème. For three decades, eastern DRC has been plagued by violence, with traumatic psychological consequences, particularly for children. As a result of this war-related violence, many children have been orphaned. To this end, we interviewed 419 orphaned children who had experienced war in North and South Kivu and administered the CYRM-28 assessment scale to determine their resilience strategies. It emerged that these children use resilience strategies focused on their personal capacity, community (peer support), and the social context to cope with their predicament. Article visualizations
TRENDS OF APPLYING INFOGRAPHIC AND SHORT VIDEO ON ONLINE NEWSPAPERS IN VIETNAM
Get PDFThis study investigates the usage, content, communication objectives, and accessibility of Infographics and Short Videos on Vietnamese electronic newspapers. Utilizing statistical-classification, content analysis, questionnaire surveys, and the Likert scale, the research analyzed content from VnExpress and Tuoi Tre Online (March-May 2025) and surveyed students from relevant majors at Can Tho University. Results indicate a high level of awareness and preference for both formats among young people, confirming their effectiveness in rapidly and visually conveying information. Infographics excel in presenting statistics and instructions, while short videos are well-suited for breaking news and entertainment. The study concludes that Infographics and Short Videos play a pivotal role in attracting and retaining readers in the digital age. To maximize their effectiveness, newsrooms need to continue investing in content and design quality, optimizing user experience, diversifying content, and enhancing two-way interaction. The harmonious combination of aesthetic value and informational content is key to improving the quality of visual communication in Vietnamese journalism today. Article visualizations