Christ University Bengaluru: Open Journal Systems
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Demographic implementation of Snares: A Review on Wildlife Hunting and Poaching
No full textTrapping, an ancient method employed for hunting or poaching in the wild, has witnessed minimal change in its impact on both targeted and non-targeted wildlife populations, with snares emerging as a prevalent trapping tool. Motivations for adopting snares include increased bush meat demand, rituals, and entrenched beliefs driven by their cost-effectiveness and efficiency. This study explores various snare types and examines their scientific implications for the demographic impacts on terrestrial mammals and birds. Data were procured from national and international web portals related to crime scene investigations and evidence, which aided in identifying taxonomic diversity and the frequency of occurrence of susceptible species. Our review highlights that the increasing wildlife crimes, driven by forest exploitation and encroachment, are threatening endangered species. This underscores the need for actionable management strategies and the broad dissemination of research findings. Utilizing tools like the Spatial Monitoring Tool (SMART) is crucial for effectively combating snare hunting and poaching. Although snaring impacts wildlife, some regions still have thriving populations, emphasizing the need for continuous patrolling and monitoring. To address these challenges, we recommend routine security patrolling, the involvement of forensic experts, and adherence to standard operating procedures with skilled personnel to enhance wildlife protection
Knowledge Graph Generation for Research Articles
No full textThe increasing amount of web data has made accessing and processing information efficiently challenging. One solution is to transform the unstructured data into a machine-readable structured format like a knowledge graph. This paper addresses an information retrieval system that enables users to formulate queries in natural language and obtain pertinent information from a knowledge graph specific to a particular domain. Understanding any unstructured data is tougher than structured data. Inferring knowledge from any research article is difficult for naïve users. To resolve this, we propose to create a knowledge graph for the same. Our system utilizes natural language processing techniques to analyze user queries, generating SPARQL queries to retrieve pertinent data from the knowledge graph. We leverage state-of-the-art knowledge graph models to assess the system's precision, recall, and F1 score. The result shows that the proposed model can effectively retrieve relevant information with an average precision of approximately 95%
Advancing Agriculture with CNN for Timely Leaf Disease Detection and Enhance Crop Production
No full textThe Indian economy relies heavily on the agricultural sector. Improving crop and plant yields is crucial because 60% of India's labour force is involved in this industry. It took until recently for Indian farmers to see increases in both production and selling prices due to a variety of crop-related ailments. Modern picture identification systems, such as Convolutional Neural Networks, are able to make precise and rapid diagnoses. In order to correctly detect plant diseases, this article utilizes pre-trained models that are built on convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Tuned-hyper-parameters for ResNet50, DenseNet121, VGG16, and Inception V4 in particular. We also compared our results to those of other similar, state-of-the-art investigations. We can see that DenseNet-121 gets a success rate of 99.81% from the validation data. This paves the way for artificial intelligence solutions for smallholder farmers and shows that convolutional neural networks (CNNs) can classify plant illnesses
Case Study: Challenges in the Uptake of Data Technologies in Large Public Sector Water Infrastructure Entities
Get PDFThe Determinants of Formal Market Access for Indigenous Floral Foods among Rural Households in the Amathole District Municipality of South Africa: A Crucial Investigation for Understanding the Economic and Nutritional Dynamics of Rural Communities
Get PDFParadoxically, indigenous foods contribute to rural household income generation, health, food, and nutrition. Even so, research must investigate their market access, especially the formal market. A cross-sectional research method was used to collect data from the respondents. Descriptive and inferential, including logistic regression, were used to analyse indigenous food market access determinants. There is evidence of poor market participation and sales of indigenous floral foods (IFFs), with many indigenous foods facing the risk of extinction from the market due to poor involvement by most households in their sales, especially in formal markets. The result shows that 89% of rural households consume indigenous foods, but only 14% participate in selling these foods in formal markets. Indigenous floral foods are not sold at the farm gate, but the rural households sell more IFFs in the informal market as vendors, with few sold to registered markets. The trend results show that rural households' entry into the indigenous food market may decrease despite the growth witnessed in the past decade (2000-2012). The number of people consuming indigenous foods might further reduce due to challenges in getting them to urban and export markets, which arises from difficulty accessing the formal market. Poor demand, seasonality, and other factors are some challenges indigenous food marketing faces. Socioeconomic characteristics of indigenous food farmers, awareness, general information, and policies targeting indigenous foods should be improved, adopted, and implemented. Indigenous foods-related details and other factors that affect the market penetration of IFFs should be addressed to unlock IFFs access to formal markets
Factors Influencing Employees’ Organizational Citizenship Behaviors for the Environment in Indian Hotel Industry
No full textAs hotel sector is accountable for negative environmental impact and there is a rise in Indian hotels adopting the mission of environmental sustainability, it is the need of the hour to study in depth about the voluntary discretionary behaviors of employees namely Organization citizenship behaviours for the environment (OCBEs) which play a vital role in the successful implementation of hotels’ environmental efforts. In order to explore the determinants of employees’ OCBEs, survey is conducted among 522 employees belonging to eight premium hotels with strong environmental policy. The result validates the positive relationship between Green organizational climate (GOC) and employees’ OCBEs.
It also reveals that green organizational climate is positively related to employees’ environmental commitment. The findings of the study confirm that employees’ environmental commitment and perceived behavioral control are positively related to OCBEs.This study proves the mediating role of employee’s environmental commitment in the relationship between green organizational climate and their OCBEs. It also validates the moderating role of employees’ perceived behavioral control. This study elucidates the determinants of employees’ OCBEs and provide managerial implications for the hotel management which guide them in their journey of responsible luxury
Temperature Modulated Genotoxicity in Coelomocytes of Ecologically Different Earthworm Species Exposed to Sub-lethal Doses of Zinc and Hexavalent Chromium:
Get PDFEcotoxicology is concerned with the possible long-term impacts of environmental stresses that alter organisms at the genetic level. Earthworm coelomocytes are sensitive environmental stress markers often employed in genotoxicity assessments. In this study, DNA damage was studied in coelomocytes of two different earthworm species, Eudrilus eugeniae, and Lampito mauritii, upon exposure to Zn2+ and Cr6+ spiked soils at variable temperatures viz., 18℃ (Cold), 24℃ (Control), 28℃ (Warm) to measure modulatory actions of temperature stress. The results of the study infer a clear species-specific response to combined toxicity. Hence, comet assay representing genotoxicity in coelomocytes is the warning signal of temperature and metal stress in earthworms. Therefore, temperature should be considered as an important factor in toxicity testing, as it indicates variations in local conditions that could affect the efficacy of heavy metal toxicity in earthworms of different ecological habitats
The Queerness of Art and the Foucauldian Origins of Judith Butler's Notion of Performativity : An Overview
Get PDFBy deploying the methodology of Judith Butler's notion of Performativity, this article intends to understand the possibility of the concept of 'Queerness' beyond the possibilities of gender studies and queer theory and to develop a concept transcending the limits of identity. It is undeniable that Foucault's concept of disciplinarity is one of the major precursors of the notion of Performativity, which is a much more focused tool for what Foucault broadly devised. Both thinkers explain how a subject is a construction by power. They explain how bodies are marked, assigned, and manipulated and expose the banality with which these operations take one for granted. It is through unearthing the disciplinary aspects of Performativity in Butler and foreseeing the performative aspects of disciplinarity in Foucault that this article finds its methodological perspective. It is undeniable that disciplinarity and, as its extension, Performativity ultimately exposes the underlying ontology of identity as a 'truth effect' rather than an apriori truth. The paper critically analyses the artist's identity and the art discourse to expose the Queerness or underlying plurality of aesthetic experience using Performativity as a formative tool
Exploring Culinary Intellectual Property Protection: Safeguarding Creations and Unauthorized Transfer of Related Knowledge under Traditional IPR
Get PDFGreat effort and time go into the careful selection of ingredients, the formulation of the cooking procedures, and the creation of an engaging and attractive appearance for a culinary item. Given this reality, it is not surprising that recipes, food designs, and other culinary innovations have the potential to be safeguarded through diverse forms of intellectual property safeguards. Culinary innovations and recipes surely may be considered original and creative expressions, yet somewhere fail to meet entirely the criteria for copyright protection. Intellectual property safeguards already exist for a range of items, such as crackers shaped like dinosaurs, hamburger patties with unique shapes, cupcakes featuring swirled icing, and hot dogs adorned with crisscross cuts. However, unprotected and unauthorised use of knowledge, and infringement of protected knowledge have all given rise to a host of issues that need careful examination. This paper aims to advocate intellectual property protection for culinary creations while bringing out the flaws of the judicial precedent set, that completely omits the idea of protecting any recipe to date. The research paper concludes that the grounds on which the recipes are denied protection are vague, and protection can be extended to the recipes by incorporating certain flexibilities in the current copyright regime
Novel antidiabetic therapeutics from some Indian medicinal plant kingdom
Get PDFDiabetes mellitus (DM) becomes a serious global problem as it is responsible for annual 1.5 million deaths. The extreme change in food habits and the fast lifestyle causes metabolic or endocrine disorders, which lead to Diabetes Mellitus (DM). The presently available synthetic drugs possess numerous side effects. They are very costly and limited ease of use, efficiency and acceptability. Natural products are playing a major role in the treatment of numerous chronic diseases and drug discovery processes. The superiority of natural product drugs over synthetic drugs is because the former are safer and easily available. For this reason, researchers are now trying to find novel and more potent antidiabetic drugs from traditional medicinal plants. A number of plant-generated chemical compounds, especially polysaccharides, glycosides, terpenes, flavonoids, and polypeptides possessing antidiabetic activity, are isolated from various medicinal plants worldwide. These natural antidiabetic medications alter metabolic imbalances through a number of cellular and molecular pathways, preventing diabetic problems from developing. Nowadays, a great scientific interest has been aimed at the use of traditional antihyperglycemic medicinal plants as a daily food supplement. Inspired by the virtues of nature-based medicines, pharmacologists, phytochemists and pharmacognosists are extensively engaged in further research for the development of natural antidiabetic drugs nature. They advocate for the use of antidiabetic agents from nature’s pharmacy, especially from plants, for the long-term remedy of diabetic patients