e-Publikasi Ilmiah Unwahas (Universitas Wahid Hasyim)
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Peran Pemerintah Dalam Menghadapi Tantangan Demokrasi Akibat Diskriminasi Ekonomi: Studi Kasus Hak Kesempatan Kerja Di Papua
Full text linkThe right to employment in Papua is still a crucial issue that is included in the challenges of democracy in Indonesia. It is evident from the 6.48% open unemployment rate that is still high in Papua because indigenous Papuans feel the inequality of access they get compared to immigrant groups. The problem studied is how the government's role in facing democratic challenges arising from economic discrimination, especially related to the right to employment opportunities in Papua. This research identifies the specific role of the government in reducing unequal access to employment and the impacts of this problem on democratic stability and explores how this economic injustice affects the principle of inclusiveness in Indonesian democracy. The researcher used a qualitative method approach that drew data sources from books, journals, previous research, and data from various websites on the internet. The research process involves systematic data collection techniques through observation and analysis of documents or archives related to the research subject, such as records of reports, books, or official documents. Based on the results of the discussion, it can be concluded that the central and regional governments have made many efforts to provide solutions to the problem of solving the challenges to democracy that occur in Papua. This is evidenced by the discovery of various special policies made by the central government for Papua such as the special autonomy policy, affirmation quota, scholarships to the Papua youth creative hub program. The author hopes that this research is useful for reference or foundation and supports further research and can be useful for the advancement of political science.
Keywords: Economic Discrimination, Democracy, Papua.
Abstrak
Hak kesempatan kerja di Papua masih menjadi permasalahan krusial yang termasuk ke dalam tantangan demokrasi di Indonesia. Terbukti dari angka 6,48% tingkat pengangguran terbuka yang masih tinggi di Papua disebabkan oleh orang asli Papua merasakan ketimpangan akses yang mereka dapatkan dibandingkan dengan kelompok pendatang. Permasalahan yang diteliti adalah bagaimana peran pemerintah menghadapi tantangan demokrasi yang timbul akibat diskriminasi ekonomi, khususnya terkait hak kesempatan kerja di Papua. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi peran spesifik pemerintah dalam mengurangi ketimpangan akses kerja serta dampak-dampak masalah ini pada kestabilan demokrasi serta mengeksplorasi bagaimana ketidakadilan ekonomi ini memengaruhi prinsip inklusivitas dalam demokrasi di Indonesia. Peneliti menggunakan pendekatan metode kualitatif yang mengambil sumber data dari buku, jurnal, penelitian terdahulu, dan data-data dari berbagai situs web di internet. Proses penelitian melibatkan teknik pengumpulan data secara sistematis melalui observasi serta analisis dokumen atau arsip yang berhubungan dengan subjek penelitian, seperti catatan laporan, buku, atau dokumen-dokumen resmi. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemerintah pusat maupun daerah banyak banyak melakukan segala upaya untuk memberi solusi atas penyelesaian masalah tantangan demokrasi yang terjadi di Papua. Hal ini dibuktikan dari ditemukannnya berbagai kebijakan khusus yang dibuat pemerintah pusat untuk Papua seperti kebijakan otonomi khusus, kuota afirmasi, beasiswa hingga adanya program Papua youth creative hub. Penulis berharap penelitian ini bermanfaat untuk acuan atau landasan serta mendukung penelitian selanjutnya dan dapat berguna untuk kemajuan ilmu politik.
Kata kunci : Diskriminasi Ekonomi, Demokrasi, Papua
Inovasi Berkelanjutan dalam Agribisnis: Kajian Literatur tentang Model Kewirausahaan Hijau
Full text linkSustainable innovation in the agribusiness sector plays a crucial role in enhancing productivity, improving energy efficiency, and ensuring environmental sustainability. This article provides an in-depth discussion on the green entrepreneurship model, the factors that support or hinder the implementation of green innovations, and the role of digital technology in accelerating the transformation of the agribusiness sector. The research method employed in this study is a systematic literature review, in which data were collected and analyzed from various studies published in national and international journals over the past fifteen years. The findings indicate that green innovations, such as the adoption of the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), blockchain, and the circular economy concept, significantly contribute to improving production efficiency while reducing negative environmental impacts. However, the implementation of these innovations faces several challenges, including high initial costs, a lack of supportive regulations, and resistance from farmers toward adopting new technologies. Support from the government, academia, the private sector, and farming communities is a key factor in promoting the adoption of green innovations in the agribusiness sector. This article recommends the need for more pro-green innovation policies, increased access to sustainable funding, and strengthened cross-stakeholder collaboration to establish a more resilient green agribusiness ecosystem. Through an integrated approach, green innovation is expected to serve as a tangible solution for developing a robust, efficient, and environmentally friendly agribusiness sector in the future.
Keywords: Green Entrepreneurship, Agribusiness, Digital Technology, Circular Economy, SustainabilityInovasi berkelanjutan dalam sektor agribisnis memegang peranan penting dalam mendorong peningkatan produktivitas, efisiensi energi, serta menjaga keberlanjutan lingkungan. Artikel ini membahas secara mendalam tentang model kewirausahaan hijau, faktor-faktor yang mendukung maupun menghambat penerapan inovasi hijau, serta bagaimana peran teknologi digital dalam mempercepat transformasi sektor agribisnis. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah tinjauan literatur sistematis, di mana data dikumpulkan dan dianalisis dari berbagai studi yang diterbitkan dalam jurnal nasional maupun internasional selama lima belas tahun terakhir. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa inovasi hijau, seperti penerapan Internet of Things (IoT), kecerdasan buatan (AI), blockchain, dan konsep ekonomi sirkular, mampu berkontribusi secara signifikan dalam meningkatkan efisiensi produksi sekaligus mengurangi dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Namun, penerapan inovasi hijau ini menghadapi sejumlah tantangan, antara lain biaya awal yang cukup tinggi, minimnya regulasi yang mendukung, serta adanya resistensi dari kalangan petani terhadap penerapan teknologi baru. Dukungan dari pemerintah, akademisi, sektor swasta, hingga komunitas petani sendiri menjadi faktor kunci dalam mendorong adopsi inovasi hijau di sektor agribisnis. Artikel ini merekomendasikan perlunya kebijakan yang lebih pro-inovasi hijau, peningkatan akses terhadap pendanaan yang berkelanjutan, serta memperkuat kolaborasi lintas pemangku kepentingan untuk menciptakan ekosistem agribisnis hijau yang lebih kuat. Melalui pendekatan yang terintegrasi, inovasi hijau diharapkan mampu menjadi solusi nyata dalam mewujudkan agribisnis yang tangguh, efisien, serta ramah lingkungan di masa depan.
Kata kunci: Kewirausahaan Hijau, Agribisnis, Teknologi Digital, Ekonomi Sirkular, Keberlanjuta
Peran Dan Fungsi Lembaga Penyuluhan Pertanian (Perkebunan) Terhadap Pembangunan Pertanian Di Kecamtan Panceng
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran dan fungsi lembaga penyuluhan dalam pengembangan pertanian (perkebunan) yang dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Panceng Kabupaten Gresik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode dan prosedur penelitian kualitatif, dengan melakukan observasi dan wawancara kepada petani dan balai penyuluhan pertanian untuk mendapatkan data penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lembaga penyuluhan pertanian yang meliputi balai pelayanan, balai komunikasi, balai pengembangan kelembagaan, dan balai pengembangan kemitraan belum berjalan secara optimal dalam hal peran dan fungsinya dalam pengembangan pertanian. Lembaga penyuluhan belum mampu melaksanakan tugasnya secara optimal. Fungsi tersebut meliputi perencanaan dan penyusunan program, penyediaan dan penyebaran informasi, pembinaan sumber daya manusia, penyelenggaraan administrasi, dan evaluasi. Terdapat program alih tugas yang memungkinkan tenaga penyuluh perkebunan untuk bekerja di bidang penyuluhan tanaman pangan, namun jumlah dan kualitas tenaga penyuluh pertanian (perkebunan) masih cukup rendah. Tenaga penyuluh perkebunan kurang mendapatkan pelatihan. Indikator pembangunan pertanian (perkebunan) dapat dilihat melalui perluasan perekonomian, peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat, dan capaian industri perkebunan
Strengthening Pharmacists' Knowledge in Phytopharmaceutical Services with Information System Support Through the Health Belief Model Approach in Semarang City
No full textImproving the degree of public health can be done by using phytopharmaceutical preparations for preventive or curative purposes. The government's efforts to increase the use of phytopharmacology have been vigorous with the issuance of regulations and programs. The success of the program requires the capability of pharmacists to educate the public on the use of phytopharmacology. The reality is that the development of phytopharmacology has not been accessed easily, the emergence of new products has not been widely recognized due to the lack of information media which causes pharmacists to lack the knowledge to recommend phytopharmaceutical preparations. The development of technology allows quick access to information about phytopharmacology. The purpose of the study was to measure the strengthening of pharmacists' knowledge in the service of phytopharmaceutical preparations with the support of the Sifita information system using the health belief model method in Semarang City.Experimental research design, quantitative data. The treatment provided was phytomedicine information system support. The population is pharmacists practicing in pharmaceutical service facilities in Semarang City as many as 801, the sample calculated by the Slovin formula was 268, purposive sampling technique. The instrument is a valid and reliable questionnaire sheet to reveal capabilities and behavior with the Mann Whitney U test. Research results p value = 0.00 <0.05 means that there is a significant difference in knowledge before and after using the SIFITA Information System with six HBM constructs namely vulnerability, severity, benefits, barriers, perceived confidence and cues to action provide strengthening of pharmacist knowledge in phytomedicine services in Semarang City
Penentuan Penerima BSM Secara Objektiv Berdasarkan Metode Decision Support System VIKOR
Full text linkThis research was conducted because of complaints from several parents regarding the BSM decision at SDN Kalanganyar ABC, however there were several students who were less well off because the choice of BSM was still subjective. SDN Kalanganyar ABC always holds activities related to BSM admissions once a year. It is hoped that this activity can also provide benefits for students who are poor but have excellent grades so they can carry out activities without being burdened by financial needs. In reality, there are still many students who do not receive BSM, even though according to the requirements, these students should be entitled to receive BSM. Therefore, there is a very irrational subjectivity in the ongoing elections. To overcome this problem, researchers tried to develop an application that applies the Vise Kriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) method, namely a method that makes decisions based on a rational compromise of criteria. These criteria include student reports, parents' income, academic achievement, dependents, home conditions, parents' relatives, and activity. From the results of the analysis and application of the VIKOR decision support system, subjective results were obtained for students whose evaluation standards and final decisions were lower than several other students, but the school provided BSM recommendations. To prevent the recurrence of this incident, VIKOR was able to answer objective findings with results of 76.57% with subjective findings of 23.43% in the previous system
PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN BAYAM BRAZIL (Althernanthera sisso hort) YANG DIPUPUK MENGGUNAKAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR BERBASIS SLURRY REAKTOR BIOGAS
No full textOrganic fertilizers have begun to be widely used in agriculture as an effort to restore soil productivity. One example of organic fertilizer is liquid organic fertilizer which has been widely applied to support the growth of cultivated plants because of the abundance of sources and benefits. Slurry-based liquid organic fertilizers, especially from human waste, have not been widely used as research. The main raw material of this fertilizer is human waste bio-slurry and the plant that is tested is Brasilian spinach (Althernanthera sisso). This research has the aim of studying the effect of applying liquid organic fertilizer based on biogas reactor slurry on the growth of Brasilian spinach plants (Althernanthera sisso). This research uses true experimental method with various fertilizer treatments, namely positive control (commercial fertilizer), negative control (no fertilizer), and various doses of slurry application, namely 0.1 mL, 0.2 mL, and 0.4 mL. The parameters observed were plant height, number of leaflets, leaf width, root length, fresh weight and dry weight of plants. Data analysis of Brasilian spinach plant growth given liquid organic fertilizer based on biogas reactor slurry was analyzed using the One Way Anova test with the SPSS program. The best results were obtained in the negative control treatment for the parameters of plant height, number of leaves, and leaf width, while the best results were obtained in the second treatment with a dose of 0.2 mL in the parameters of root length, wet weight, and dry weigh
PENGARUH METODE PENGERINGAN TERHADAP KARAKTER FISIK, TOTAL PHENOLIC DAN FLAVONOID, DAN AKTIFITAS ANTIOKSIDAN BUNGA ROSELLA
No full textBunga rosella dapat dikonsumsi sebagai minuman teh karena berpotensi menjadi sumber antioksidan alami. Akan tetapi setelah pemanenan bunga rosella sangat mudah membusuk dikarenakan tingginya kandungan air, sehingga diperlukan pengawetan. Pengeringan menjadi alternatif pengawetan bunga rosella yang sangat tergantung dari metode dan temperatur yang digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh metode pengeringan terhadap karakter fisik, Total Phenolic Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid content (TFC) serta aktifitas antioksidan bunga rosella. Metode penggeringan menggunakan metode cabinet drying padasuhu 30o C (CD30); 50oC (CD50); 70oC (CD70) dan sun drying (SD). Karakter fisik sample kering yang di amati adalah moisture content dan higrocopicity. Analisis kadar TPC dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode spectrofotometri dengan menggunakan reagen Folin dan TFC menggunakan komplek AlCl3. Analisis aktifitas antioksidan menggunakan dua metode yaitu penangkapan radikal bebas DPPH dan metode Feri Reduction Antioxidant Power (FRAP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan metode pengeringan memberikan perbedaan nyata (P<0,05) terhadap karakter fisik bunga rosela kering, kecuali sample CD30 yang tidak masuk dalam standar simplisia kering (SNI 01-7085-2005) karena moisture content yang masih tinggi(>10%). Kadar TPC sample CD50 (10,72± 0,06 mg GAE/g), lebih tinggi dari pada sample lain (p<0.05), akan tetapi kadar TFC tidak ada perbedaan (p>0.05). Sedangkan hasil penangkapan radikal bebas DPPH semua sampel rosella kering yang menggunakan cabinet drying lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pengeringan matahari (p<0.05), sedangkan hasil FRAP semua sampel rosella kering tidak ada perbedaan (p>0.05). Dari penelitian inidapat disimpulkan pengeringan menggunakan metode cabinet drying pada suhu 50oC memberikan kadar TPC dan aktifitas antioksidan metode radikal bebas DPPH yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan metode lain
CULTURAL DIPLOMACY AND THE STRENGTHENING OF TOLERANCE VALUES IN INDONESIA - MALAYSIA RELATIONS : A CONSTRUCTIVISM PERSPECTIVE
Full text linkThis article aims to examine the role of cultural diplomacy in strengthening tolerance values between Indonesia and Malaysia through the perspective of constructivism. Indonesia and Malaysia are two neighboring countries that not only because of their geographical location as neighbors but also both have similar cultural diversity, because they have a similar racial background, the Melanesian race. Therefore, the emergence of the problem of mutual claims about some cultural products (dances, songs, musical instruments) is a common thing, because building cultural understanding in neighboring communities is not an easy matter. Therefore, cultural interaction can create dialog and better understanding. For instances, through some activities such as cultural festivals, art exchanges and research collaborations contribute to strengthening bilateral relations by emphasizing the importance of moderation and respect for diversity. This approach not only reduces potential conflicts, such as cultural claims, but also promotes values of tolerance through art and shared social norms. In line with that, this research uses a qualitative method using a constructivist perspective that relates the similarities in values and cultures between Indonesia and Malaysia.
Keywords: Cultural diplomacy, tolerance, constructivism, Indonesia-Malaysi
KARAKTERISTIK LIMBAH PADAT RUMPUT LAUT PADA INDUSTRI KARAGINAN
No full textPada proses ekstraksi karaginan berbahan dasar rumput laut Euchumma cottonii hanyamenghasilkan produk sekitar 30% dan sisanya menjadi limbah yang belum dimanfaatkan.Berdasarkan beberapa penelitian yang telah dilakukan, limbah tersebut mengandung selulosa,hemiselulosa dan lignin yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan bioetanol dan biokomposit.Namun dari beberapa penelitian dilaporkan bahwa kandungan selulosa sangat bervariasikarena dipengaruhi oleh metode ekstraksi, perbedaan bahan baku dan teknik analisis yangdigunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan limbah padat rumput lautpada industri karaginan. Analisis yang dilakukan meliputi analisis kadar air, kadar selulosa,kadar abu, dan thermal gravimetry analysis (TGA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwalimbah padat memiliki kadar air, kadar selulosa, dan kadar abu berturut-turut yaitu 3 – 6%,65,28%, dan 83 – 85%. Selain itu hasil TGA menunjukkan sisa massa yang cukup besar yaitusekitar 86%. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa limbah padat sisa industri karaginan memilikikandungan selulosa yang relatif tinggi, namun diduga terdapat tanah diatom yang tidak larutketika analisis
UPAYA PERWUJUDAN INTEGRASI EKONOMI DI KAWASAN ASEAN MELALUI KERJA SAMA LOCAL CURRENCY SETTLEMENT DI INDONESIA, MALAYSIA, DAN THAILAND PADA TAHUN 2018-2022
Full text linkKerja sama Local Currency Settlement yang dilakukan oleh Indonesia, Malaysia, dan Thailand hadir sebagai upaya dari ketiga negara untuk mengurangi ketergantungan dolar AS dalam transaksi dan untuk mencapai integrasi ekonomi kawasan ASEAN. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jalannya kerja sama Local Currency Settlement sebagai upaya perwujudan integrasi ekonomi di kawasan ASEAN pada tahun 2018-2022. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam menyusun penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan teori integrasi ekonomi menurut Bela Balassa, prakondisi integrasi dan tahapan integrasi menurut Dominick Salvatore, untuk mendukung penelitian juga digunakan konsep Local Currency Settlement. Penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil bahwa, Indonesia, Malaysia, dan Thailand telah memenuhi faktor prakondisi integrasi yang mendukung ketiga negara mencapai tahapan integrasi yang lebih tinggi melalui implementasi LCS. Penggunaan LCS juga secara perlahan mulai naik tiap tahunnya sehingga penggunaan Dolar AS dalam transaksi keuangan dan perdagangan berkurang, hal ini mendukung terciptanya kestabilan mata uang lokal di ketiga negara dan mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap dolar AS.
Kata Kunci : ASEAN, Dolar AS, integrasi ekonomi, local currency settlement, mata uang lokal