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Pengaruh Edukasi Terhadap Pengetahuan Tentang Stunting di Kalangan Ibu Hamil di Puskesmas, Kota Jayapura, Papua
Get PDFStunting atau tenkes merupakan kegagalan pertumbuhan pada balita akibat kekurangan gizi kronis sehingga anak menjadi pendek. Masalah stunting menandakan gangguan gizi kronis yang dipengaruhi oleh kondisi ibu pada saat kehamilan dan kondisi kesehatan balita. Stunting antara lain disebabkan pengetahuan yang kurang tentang pentingnya pemenuhan gizi pada 1000 hari pertama kehidupan. Semakin rendah pengetahuan ibu maka semakin beresiko kejadian stunting pada anak. Edukasi merupakan salah satu faktor penting dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan serta praktik ibu dalam memenuhi kebutuhan nutrisi selama kehamilan dan setelah anak dilahirkan sebagai bentuk usaha mencegah kejadian stunting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh edukasi/penyuluhan tentang stunting pada ibu hamil di puskesmas, Kota Jayapura, Papua. Subyek penelitian terdiri atas 44 orang ibu hamil yang kebanyakan <20tahun, kebanyakan berpendidikan SMA, dan pendapatan rumah tangga <Rp. 1.500.000. Sebelum edukasi didapatkan 32 ibu hamil namun setelah edukasi didapatkan hanya satu orang ibu yang memiliki pengetahuan kurang, sementara 43 ibu memiliki pengetahuan yang baik, terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada sebelum dan setelah edukasi (t-test, p<0,05). Kata Kunci: Tenkes, ibu hamil, pengetahuan, edukasi
Stunting or tenkes is a failure of growth in toddlers due to chronic malnutrition, so that children become short. The problem of stunting indicates a chronic nutritional disorder that is influenced by the condition of the mother during pregnancy and the health conditions of toddlers. Stunting is partly due to a lack of knowledge about the importance of nutritional fulfillment in the first 1000 days of life. The lower the mother\u27s knowledge, the more risk the incidence of stunting in children. Education is one of the important factors that can increase the knowledge and practice of mothers in meeting nutritional needs during pregnancy and after the child is born as a form of effort to prevent stunting. This study aims to determine the effect of education/counseling on stunting in pregnant women at the health center in Jayapura City, Papua. The study subjects consisted of 44 pregnant women, most of whom were <20 years old, most of whom had a high school education, and household income <Rp. 1,500,000. Before education, there were 32 pregnant women but after counseling, only one mother had poor knowledge, while 43 mothers had good knowledge. There was a significant difference between before and after education (t-test, p<0.05). Keywords: Tenkes, pregnant women, knowledge, educatio
Tuberkulosis Milier dan Malnutrisi Pada Anak Laki-Laki Usia 12 Tahun Laporan Kasus
Get PDFTuberkulosis (TB) milier merupakan komplikasi fokus infeksi tuberkulosis yang disebarkan secara hematogen. Gambaran berupa bercak-bercak yang halus umumnya tersebar merata pada seluruh lapangan paru. Penanganan tuberkulosis milier (khususnya pada anak) perlu memperhatikan status gizi, mengingat riskannya anak dengan infeksi tuberkulosis mengalami malnutrisi. Kasus adalah seorang anak laki-laki umur 12 tahun dengan TB milier dan malnutrisi dirawat di RSUD Nunukan, Kalimantan Utara. Pasien dikonsulkan ke Bagian Pediatri dengan keluhan awal sesak. Pada pemeriksaan fisik ditemukan laju napas meningkat, iga gambang dan muscle wasting. Pada pemeriksaan laboratorium didapatkan anemia, leukositosis, hiponatremia, pad Rontgen torak ditemukan kesan TB milier. Pada pasien diberikan obat anti tuberkulosis (OAT) fixed drugs composition (FDC) dan penanganan malnutrisi. Pasien mengalami perbaikan secara klinis.
Kata kunci: malnutrisi, OAT, tuberkulosis, tuberkulosis millier
Milliary tuberculosis is a complication of a focal hematogenous spread of tuberculosis infection. In plain radiograph, milliary deposists appear as 1-3 mm diameter nodules, which are uniform in size and uniformly distributed. Management of milliary tuberculosis (especially in children) has to pay attention to nutritional status, given the risk of children with tuberculosis infection experiencing malnutrition. A 12-year- old boy with milliary tuberculosis and malnutrition has been treated at Nunukan District Hospital, North Kalimantan. Patient were consulted in the pediatric division with initial complaint was dyspneu. On physical examination found increased respiratory rate, prominent ribs, and muscle wasting. From laboratory tests found anemia, leucocytosis, hyponatremia, plain chest x-ray suggests milliary tuberculosis. Patients given fixed-dose combination anti-tuberculosis drug and malnutrition. The patient then undergoes clinical improvement.
Keyword: malnutrition, anti-tiberculosis drug, tuberculosis, milliary tuberculosis
 
Keseimbangan Mikrobiota Saluran Cerna Pada Anak Stunting
Get PDFSetiap bagian permukaan tubuh manusia dikolonisasi dengan mikroorganisme yang kemudian kita kenal dengan istilah mikrobiota, jumlahnya sepuluh kali lipat dari jumlah sel dalam tubuh manusia, oleh karenanya manusia dikenal dengan “hybrid organisms” dengan komposisi manusia dan mikrobiota. Dalam keterkaitannya dengan stunting, faktor lingkungan seperti usia, diet, strees dan obat-obat memengaruhi komposisi mikrobiota manusia. Faktor endogen dan eksogen berkontribusi pada komposisi mikrobiota. Nutrisi yang kurang atau tidak cukup memenuhi kebutuhan tubuh, dapat menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan komposisi mikrobiota usus (disbiosis). Kondisi disbiosis mikrobiota dapat menyebabkan terganggunya penyerapan nutrisi sehingga anak menjadi kekurangan nutrisi dan mengganggu pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak. Kekurangan nutrisi dapat menyebabkan gangguan sistem kekebalan tubuh. Pada anak stunting, sistem imun mengalami gangguan, sehingga lebih rentan terjadi infeksi berulang, menyebabkan kadar proinflamatory meningkat. Gangguan imunitas dapat memperburuk kondisi malnutrisi, menyebabkan malabsorbsi, gangguan hormonal, gangguan pertumbuhan dan kerentanan terhadap infeksi.
Kata Kunci : Stunting, Mikrobiota, Malnutrisi, Eubiosis, Disbiosis
Every part of the surface of the human body is colonized with microorganisms which we then know as microbiota, the number is ten times the number of cells in the human body, therefore humans are known as "hybrid organisms" with a composition of humans and microbiota. In relation to stunting, environmental factors such as age, diet, stress and medication influence the composition of the human microbiota. Endogenous and exogenous factors contribute to the composition of the microbiota. Deficiencies or insufficient nutrition to meet the body\u27s needs can cause changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota (dysbiosis). The condition of microbiota dysbiosis can cause disruption in the absorption of nutrients so that children become nutritionally deficient and disrupt the child\u27s growth and development. Nutritional deficiencies can cause immune system disorders. In stunted children, the immune system is disturbed, making them more susceptible to recurrent infections, causing proinflammatory levels to increase. Immunity disorders can worsen malnutrition conditions, causing malabsorption, hormonal disorders, growth disorders and susceptibility to infection.
Keywords : Stunting, Microbiota, Malnutrition, Eubyosis, Dysbiosi
THE DEVELOPMENT OF ETHNOMATHEMATICS-BASED STUDENT WORKSHEETS (LKPD) IN MATHEMATICS FOR FOURTH GRADE STUDENTS
Get PDFThis study aims to determine the quality of Ethnomathematics-based math worksheet learning plans for fourth grade students of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah on the material circumference and area of flat shapes. The type of research used is research and development with the ADDIE model. The data source for this research was obtained from the validation results of three validators and the results of student questionnaires. The data collection technique uses a validation questionnaire. The results showed that this study used five steps, namely the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation stages. The results of the validity of the Ethnomathematics-based mathematics LKPD were 77.46 in the good category. While the results of the student questionnaire assessment were 84.15 in the good category. The quality of Ethnomatematics-based math worksheets for fourth graders of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah can be seen from two aspects, namely the results of expert validation and the results of student questionnaires, both of which obtained good
Enhancing Descriptive Statistics Learning through Project-Based Learning (PjBL) for Islamic Education Management Students
Get PDFEducational statistics is a crucial course that students of Islamic Education Management must master. However, students whose majors are not directly related to mathematics often face difficulties in learning educational statistics. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a learning model that can improve students\u27 understanding and is applicable to practical courses such as educational statistics. One promising alternative is the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model. This study was conducted at IAIN Takengon Aceh and involved 23 fourth-semester Islamic Education Management students in the 2023/2024 academic year. The research data were collected in the form of video recordings, photos, and final project reports. The data were analyzed using qualitative techniques and presented through narrative description. The results showed that the PjBL model is effective in promoting an understanding of descriptive statistics, fostering collaboration, and providing opportunities for students to develop problem-solving skill
Analysis of Number Sense Ability in View of Student Learning Independence
Get PDFNumber sense is an essential skill for mastering the concept of numbers. This study seeks to examine number sense abilities regarding student learning freedom. This research consists of qualitative descriptive research. The research subjects were seventh-grade pupils at SMP Negeri 1 Kebasen in Banyumas. Data were gathered from the learning independence questionnaire, number sense ability test, and interviews. Students were divided into three groups based on their learning independence questionnaire scores: high, medium, and low. The purposive sampling strategy was employed to identify research subjects. The research results show that students with high learning independence are able to fulfill all number sense indicators. Students with moderate learning independence are able to master five number sense indicators. Students with low learning independence are only able to fulfill two indicators
Komposisi Nutrien Sampah Organik Sisa Nasi dan Tulang Ikan Nila serta Pengaruhnya Bagi Pertumbuhan Larva Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens L.)
Get PDFOrganic waste as a by-product of household activities that are produced continuously is still a major problem in Indonesia. Conventional organic waste management still has weaknesses and limitations. Black soldier fly larvae are decomposers that can be used in organic waste management. This study aims to measure the nutrient levels of organic waste used, such as leftover rice, tilapia bones, or a combination of both and study the use of organic waste for the growth of BSF larvae. The research used 150 BSF larvae aged 12 days with three repeats and four test treatments: T51 feed (control), leftover rice, tilapia bones, and a combination of leftover rice and tilapia bones (50:50). The highest levels of carbohydrates and fats were detected in the remaining rice and tilapia bones, respectively. The type of feed has an impact on the nutrients and growth of BSF larvae. The combination treatment produces larvae with the largest biomass and shortest growth time, on the other hand, a single treatment extends the growth time of larvae with a relatively small biomass. The combination treatment between leftover rice and tilapia bones (50:50) is the best type of feed in supporting the growth of BSF larvae, while single feed treatment is considered inappropriate for the growth of BSF larvae.Sampah organik sebagai hasil sampingan aktivitas rumah tangga yang diproduksi secara kontinyu masih menjadi isu utama permasalahan di Indonesia. Pengelolaan sampah organik secara konvensional masih didapati kelemahan dan batasan. Larva lalat tentara hitam merupakan dekomposer yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam pengelolaan sampah organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kadar nutrien sampah organik yang digunakan, seperti sisa nasi, tulang ikan nila, maupun gabungan keduanya dan mempelajari penggunaan sampah organik tersebut bagi pertumbuhan larva BSF. Penelitian menggunakan 150 larva BSF berumur 12 hari dengan tiga kali ulangan dan empat perlakuan uji: pakan T51 (kontrol), sisa nasi, tulang ikan nila, dan kombinasi sisa nasi dan tulang ikan nila (50:50). Kadar karbohidrat dan lemak tertinggi masing-masing terdeteksi pada sisa nasi dan tulang ikan nila. Jenis pakan berdampak terhadap nutrien dan pertumbuhan larva BSF. Perlakuan kombinasi menghasilkan larva dengan biomassa terbesar dan waktu pertumbuhan tersingkat, disisi lain, perlakuan tunggal memperpanjang waktu pertumbuhan larva dengan biomassa yang cenderung kecil. Perlakuan kombinasi antara sisa nasi dan tulang ikan nila (50:50) merupakan jenis pakan terbaik dalam mendukung pertumbuhan larva BSF, sedangkan perlakuan pakan tunggal dinilai kurang tepat bagi pertumbuhan larva BS
Diversity of Insect Herbivores and Natural Enemies That Have Association with Shallot Cultivation in Organic and Conventional Farm in Balige
Get PDFBalige will be a centre for producing onions from true shallot seeds (TSS). Some of the obstacles encountered in shallot cultivation are pest and disease attacks. The frequency of pesticide use has been carried out intensively. This research aims to compare insect diversity and determine the presence of herbivorous insects and natural enemies in the cultivation of true shallot seeds in organic and conventional farming systems in the vegetative and generative phases in the Balige highlands, Tobasa Regency. This research was carried out on an area of 2000 m2 at the Gurgur, Balige Experimental Garden and Plant Pest and Disease Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra. Medan from August to December 2017. This research used five insect traps (Sweeping Nets, Pitfall Traps, Light Traps, Yellow Sticky Traps, and Hand Picking) and was repeated eight times. Insects are identified to their families and their role in the ecosystem is also determined. The composition of pests found in shallot plants, both organic and conventional, is dominated by Tephritidae and Noctuidae. The composition of predators found in organic and conventional shallot plants is Formicidae and Forficulidae followed by Coccinelidae, Carabidae, Staphylinidae, Coenagrionidae, Corduliidae, and Anthocoridae. The parasitoid composition is Tachinidae. There are differences in the diversity (H\u27), evenness (E\u27) and dominance (C) index values in organic and conventional shallot plants, the highest H\u27 (2.885) is in the generative phase of organic plants, the highest E\u27 (0.822) in the generative phase in conventional plants and the lowest C (0.094) in the generative phase in organic plants
Inventarisasi dan Identifikasi Potensi Pemanfaatan Tanaman Berkhasiat Obat di Kawasan Lereng Gunung Kawi Kabupaten Malang
Get PDFThe slopes of Mount Kawi in Malang Regency had a unique ecosystem that stored valuable natural resources, including plants with medicinal properties. This research aimed to identify the diversity of medicinal plants on the slopes of Mount Kawi in Malang Regency, their utilization potential, habitus distribution, and the composition of plant parts used. The research method employed was observation with a descriptive-exploratory approach. The results revealed that the diversity of medicinal plant species and families on the slopes of Mount Kawi showed varying distribution patterns, dominated by the Rubiaceae and Fabaceae families. Four types of medicinal plant habitus were found: trees (31%), shrubs (41%), herbs (21%), and climbers (7%). Shrubs dominated with the most species, followed by trees, while climbers had the least. The composition of plant parts was dominated by leaves, with 16 types (38%) of the total utilized parts, followed by fruits and combinations of other parts, such as leaves and fruits. This predominance was attributed to the accessibility of leaves, their higher bioactive content, and their use in fresh form, boiled or extracted to treat various diseases.The slopes of Mount Kawi in Malang Regency had a unique ecosystem that stored valuable natural resources, including plants with medicinal properties. This research aimed to identify the diversity of medicinal plants on the slopes of Mount Kawi in Malang Regency, their utilization potential, habitus distribution, and the composition of plant parts used. The research method employed was observation with a descriptive-exploratory approach. The results revealed that the diversity of medicinal plant species and families on the slopes of Mount Kawi showed varying distribution patterns, dominated by the Rubiaceae and Fabaceae families. Four types of medicinal plant habitus were found: trees (31%), shrubs (41%), herbs (21%), and climbers (7%). Shrubs dominated with the most species, followed by trees, while climbers had the least. The composition of plant parts was dominated by leaves, with 16 types (38%) of the total utilized parts, followed by fruits and combinations of other parts, such as leaves and fruits. This predominance was attributed to the accessibility of leaves, their higher bioactive content, and their use in fresh form, boiled or extracted to treat various diseases
PENERAPAN METODE TARGET COSTING DALAM MENGENDALIKAN BIAYA PRODUKSI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN LABA STUDI KASUS: UMKM GHANIOR INDONESIA
Get PDFThe purpose of this research is target costing is to win the competition and achieve business goals by controlling production costs and increasing profits. Target costing is a method of determining production costs based on selling prices and expected profit. In this study using descriptive quantitative. Data collection methods used in this research are observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study are jersey production costs based on target costing affect the increase in profits at the Ghanior Indonesia company because it can reduce production costs resulting in a change in the selling price, namely IDR 169,000 to IDR 135,000 for premium polyflex jersey, IDR 209,000 to IDR 160,000 for half print polyflex jersey. Rp. 214,000 becomes Rp. 165,000, half print plus, Rp. 209,000 becomes Rp. 170,000 for a full print jersey, and Rp. 249,000 becomes Rp. 190,000 for a polyflex full print jersey. The application of target costing also increases the company\u27s average profit by 30%. The results of the research can be used as material for consideration in preparing business strategies and setting selling prices so that companies can survive in the market because they are able to produce quality products at competitive prices.
Keywords: target costing; production costs; profi