Jurnal Perikanan UNRAM (Universitas Mataram)
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DISTRIBUTION OF CORAL REEFS IN THE WATERS OF PANGEMPANG MUARA BADAK DISTRICT KUTAI KARTANEGARA REGENCY
Full text linkThis study aims to verify the presence and map the distribution of coral reefs in the waters of Pangempang Hamlet, Muara Badak District, Kutai Kartanegara Regency. The methods used include field surveys, remote sensing image interpretation, and GIS-based spatial analysis. Data collection was conducted at 13 locations with varying depths and distances from the shore. The research results show that four locations have been verified to contain coral reef ecosystems, with areas ranging from 0.41 to 6.26 hectares. The location with the largest coral reef area is Batu Lampe Besar (6.26 hectares), which has great potential for conservation and marine ecotourism. Acropora coral is the dominant coral species found, as it was identified at every surveyed location. Based on these findings, it is recommended to implement community-based conservation efforts, regular monitoring, and further research to ensure the sustainability of the coral reef ecosystem in the Pangempang area.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memverifikasi keberadaan dan memetakan sebaran terumbu karang di perairan Dusun Pangempang, Kecamatan Muara Badak, Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara. Metode yang digunakan meliputi survei lapangan, interpretasi citra penginderaan jauh, dan analisis spasial berbasis GIS. Pengambilan data dilakukan di 13 lokasi dengan berbagai variasi kedalaman dan jarak dari pantai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 4 lokasi telah terverifikasi memiliki ekosistem terumbu karang dengan luas yang bervariasi antara 0,41 hingga 6.26 hektar. Lokasi dengan luas terumbu karang terbesar adalah Batu Lampe Besar (6.26 hektar), yang memiliki potensi besar untuk konservasi dan ekowisata bahari. Jenis terumbu karang Acropora merupakan jenis karang dominan yang ditemui karena disetiap lokasi ditemukan jenis karang tersebut. Berdasarkan temuan ini, direkomendasikan adanya upaya konservasi berbasis masyarakat, pemantauan rutin, serta penelitian lanjutan untuk memastikan keberlanjutan ekosistem terumbu karang di wilayah Pangempang
UTILIZATION OF CORN AND ITS SUBSTANCES AS A SOURCE OF FISH FEED (ARTICLE REVIEW)
Full text linkFish farming is highly dependent on the use of feed, which can even account for up to 70% of the total cost of farming. Therefore, the availability of quality feed in sufficient quantities is a key factor in ensuring successful farming. However, feed with high protein content tends to be expensive. The solution to this problem is to use alternative feed raw materials that have good nutritional content, do not compete with human needs, and are easy to obtain. Organic waste from corn harvest residues has great potential because it is easy to obtain and cheap. Corn waste has the problem of low nutritional content, so a fermentation process is needed as an effort to increase its nutritional value. This study aims to examine the extent to which the utilization of fermented corn waste can be used as fish feed to support increased fish growth performance.Aquaculture is highly dependent on the presence of artificial feed, which even absorbs up to 70% of the total production cost. Therefore, the availability of high-quality feed and adequate quantities is a key factor in ensuring the success of cultivation. However, feed with high protein content tends to be expensive. The solution to this problem is to use alternative feed ingredients that have good nutritional content, are easy to obtain and do not compete with humans. Organic waste from corn harvest residues has great potential because it is easy to obtain and cheap. Corn waste has obstacles in its low nutritional content, therefore it is necessary to carry out a fermentation process as an effort to increase the nutrition of corn waste. The purpose of this paper is to determine the extent to which the utilization of fermented corn waste as a fish feed ingredient can help improve fish growth performance
THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE MANIPULATION ON THE GROWTH OF AXOLOTL (Ambystoma mexicanum)
Full text linkAxolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) merupakan hewan unik yang populasinya sudah terancam punah. Axolotl merupakan yang unik, salah satu keunikannya adalah dapat meregenerasi hampir seluruh bagian tubuhnya. Di Indonesia sendiri masih sedikit sekali yang membudidayakan hewan satu ini. Di Indonesia kegiatan budidaya axolotl banyak menemui hambatan terutama karena faktor lingkungan yang sangat berbeda dengan habitat aslinya. Salah satu kendala utama untuk membudidayakan axolotl adalah suhu. Untuk membuat lingkungan yang sesuai untuk axolotl tumbuh dan berkembang diperlukan bantuan alat. Salah satu alat yang digunakan adalah ultra recirculate chiller system (URCS). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh manipulasi suhu yang berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan axolotl. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan penggunaan tiga perlakuan suhu yang berbeda (18°C, 22°C dan 26°C). Parameter utama yang diuji adalah tingkat kelulushidupan (SR), laju pertumbuhan spesifik (SGR) dan rasio konversi pakan (FCR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan suhu berpengaruh terhadap tingkat kelulushidupan, laju pertumbuhan spesifik dan rasio konversi pakan. Perlakuan terbaik didapat pada perlakuan suhu 18°C dengan SR 100%, SGR 0,49%
MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS AND REPRODUCTION OF BIGEYE SCAD Scomber crumenophthalmus (BLOCH, 1793) CAUGHT AT TPI SOUTH BUTON REGENCY
Full text linkIMPROVING THE REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF SNAKEHEAD FEMALE BROODSTOCK (Channa striata) USING A COMBINATION OF DIET WITH SUPPLEMENT PROBIOTIC EM4 (EFFECTIVE MICROORGANISM-4) AND NONI FRUIT (Morinda citrifolia)
Full text linkABSTRACT
One of the main limiting factors in the reproduction of snakehead fish (Channa striata) is that the female broodstock fails to spawn, because they cannot complete the final stages of vitellogenesis and ovulation naturally. Therefore, a breakthrough is needed in snakehead fish hatchery to increase the percentage of female broodstock successfully spawning. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of providing fermented products combined with probiotic EM4 (Effective Microorganism-4) and noni fruit in feed on the reproductive performance of female broodstock snakehead fish. This research uses non-factorial experimental methods. The design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three treatments and three replications, namely treatment A (feed without supplementation of the fermented product with a combination of EM4 probiotics and noni fruit), treatment B (feed with supplementation of the fermented product with a combination of EM4 probiotics and noni fruit at a dose 10%), and treatment C (feed supplemented with fermented products combined with EM4 probiotics and noni fruit at a dose 20%). The results of the research showed that the addition of snakehead female broodstock feed with a fermented product combining EM4 probiotics and noni fruit at a dose of 10% gave the best results, namely an average gonad maturity index (IKG) value of 2.56%, relative fecundity of 3562 eggs per female broodstock, fertilization rate 87.33%, hatching rate 91.67%, and egg yolk absorption time 78 hours, and prolarva survival rate 98.67%.
Keywords: female broodstock of Channa striata, noni fruit, reproduction performance, probiotic EM4.Salah satu faktor pembatas utama dalam reproduksi ikan gabus (Channa striata) adalah induk betina gagal memijah, karena tidak dapat menyelesaikan tahap akhir vitelogenesis dan ovulasi secara alamiah. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan suatu terobosan dalam pembenihan ikan gabus guna meningkatkan persentase induk betina berhasil memijah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian produk fermentasi kombinasi probiotik EM4 (Effective Microorganism-4) dan buah mengkudu pada pakan terhadap kinerja reproduksi induk betina ikan gabus. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode ekperimental non-faktorial. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengak (RAL) dengan tiga perlakuan dan ulangan tiga kali, yaitu perlakuan A (pakan tanpa suplementasi produk fermentasi kombinasi probiotik EM4 dan buah mengkudu), perlakuan B (pakan dengan suplementasi produk fermentasi kombinasi probiotik EM4 dan buah mengkudu dosis 10%), dan perlakuan C (pakan dengan suplementasi produk fermentasi kombinasi probiotik EM4 dan buah mengkudu dosis 20%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan pakan induk betina gabus dengan produk fermentasi kombinasi probiotik EM4 dan buah mengkudu dosis 10% memberikan hasil terbaik, yaitu rerata nilai indeks kematangan gonad (IKG) 2,56%, fekunditas relatif 3562 butir telur/induk, derajat pembuahan telur 87,33%, derajat penetasan telur 91,67%, dan waktu penyerapan kuning telur 78 jam, serta tingkat kelangsungan hidup prolarva 98,67 %.
Kata kunci: buah mengkudu, induk gabus betina, kinerja reproduksi, probiotik EM4
EFFECT OF PROBIOTICS ADDED MOLASSES IN FEED ON GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF MILKFISH (Chanos chanos)
Full text linkChanos chanos is classified as a type of cultured fish with great economic value because it plays an important role in meeting the nutritional needs of the community and contributes in improving the welfare of life. Giving probiotics is one way that can be used to overcome environmental pollution. Probiotics themselves are living microorganisms that function to maintain the stability of the digestive system in the intestine. Molasses acts as a source of nutrients for probiotic bacteria and is expected to support the increase in the effectiveness of its population as bioremediation agents can be more optimal. This study aims to evaluate the effect of the addition of probiotics combined with molasses in feed on the growth and survival rate of milkfish (Chanos chanos). This research was conducted from October 10 to December 7, 2024 at Tadang Palie, Kec. Cempa. Pinrang Regency, South Sulawesi with a duration of 60 days. This research was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD), which involved four different treatments and each treatment was repeated three times. The results showed that the effect of probiotics added to molasses in feed had a significant effect on the growth of absolute weight, specific, absolute length of milkfish. For absolute weight growth, the highest value was in treatment B (7.42 grams), the highest value of specific weight was in treatment B (9.86), the highest value of absolute length was in treatment B (9.4 cm), while survival and FCR had no significant effect on milkfish. The highest survival rate was found in treatment A (87%), and the best FCR value in treatment B (3.08).Chanos chanos is classified as a type of cultured fish with great economic value because it plays an important role in meeting the nutritional needs of the community and contributes in improving the welfare of life. Giving probiotics is one way that can be used to overcome environmental pollution. Probiotics themselves are living microorganisms that function to maintain the stability of the digestive system in the intestine. Molasses acts as a source of nutrients for probiotic bacteria and is expected to support the increase in the effectiveness of its population as bioremediation agents can be more optimal. This study aims to evaluate the effect of the addition of probiotics combined with molasses in feed on the growth and survival rate of milkfish (Chanos chanos). This research was conducted from October 10 to December 7, 2024 at Tadang Palie, Kec. Cempa. Pinrang Regency, South Sulawesi with a duration of 60 days. This research was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD), which involved four different treatments and each treatment was repeated three times. The results showed that the effect of probiotics added to molasses in feed had a significant effect on the growth of absolute weight, specific, absolute length of milkfish. For absolute weight growth, the highest value was in treatment B (7.42 grams), the highest value of specific weight was in treatment B (9.86), the highest value of absolute length was in treatment B (9.4 cm), while survival and FCR had no significant effect on milkfish. The highest survival rate was found in treatment A (87%), and the best FCR value in treatment B (3.08)
Efektivitas Pemberian Pakan Sistem Indeks Terhadap Laju Pertumbuhan dan Kualitas Air Pada Budidaya Udang Vaname (L. vannamei)
No full textInefficient feeding in vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) cultivation has a negative impact on growth and water quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of index system feeding on growth rate and water quality in vannamei shrimp (L. vannamei) cultivation. The research method used was descriptive, the data were analyzed using the t-test statistical test. The parameters tested in this study were growth parameters including Average Body Weight (ABW), Average Daily Growth (ADG), Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), and Survival Rate (SR). Water quality parameters include temperature, pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), salinity, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, and Total Organic Matter (TOM). The results showed that there was a significant difference between the feeding index system and the anco check system. The index system is more effective in increasing the growth rate and the Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) and Survival Rate (SR) results are obtained according to the optimum value. In the index system the average Average Body Weight (ABW) is 14.24 ± 0.68, the average Daily Growth (ADG) is 0.43 ± 0.02, the average Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) is 1.06 ± 0.04, and the average survivak rate (SR) is 70.75 ± 5.56%. Whereas in the anco check system the average Average Body Weight (ABW) is 12.1 ± 1.13, the average Daily Growth (ADG) is 0.35 ± 0.04, the average Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) is 1.18 ± 0.07 and the average survival rate (SR) is 59.25 ± 5.12%. Water quality during maintenance obtained optimum results according to the optimum standard of water quality for vannamei shrimp (L. vannamei) cultivation. Feeding the index system gives better results for the growth rate in vannamei shrimp farming, so that the feed given is more effective and efficient.Pemberian pakan yang tidak efisien dalam budidaya udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) berdampak buruk terhadap pertumbuhan dan kualitas air. Tujuan dilakukanya penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui efektivitas pemberian pakan sistem indeks terhadap laju pertumbuhan dan kualitas air pada budidaya udang vaname (L. vannamei). Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif, data dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik t-test. Parameter yang diuji dalam penelitian ini yaitu parameter pertumbuhan meliputi Average Body Weight (ABW), Average Daily Growth (ADG), Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), dan Survival Rate (SR). Parameter kualitas air meliputi suhu, pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), salinitas, amonia, nitrit, nitrat, dan Total Organik Matter (TOM). Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya perbedaan yang nyata antara pemberian pakan sistem indeks dengan sistem cek anco. Sistem indeks lebih efektiv dalam meningkatkan laju pertumbuhan dan didapatkan hasil Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) dan Survival Rate (SR) yang sesuai dengan nilai optimum. Pada sistem Indeks rata-rata Average Body Weight (ABW) 14.24±0.68, rata- rata Average Daily Growth (ADG) 0.43±0.02, rata-rata Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) 1.06±0,04, dan rata-rata Survival Rate (SR) 70.75±5.56%. Sedangkan pada sistem cek anco rata-rata Average Body Weight (ABW) 12.1±1.13, rata-rata Average Daily Growth (ADG) 0.35±0.04, rata-rata Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) 1.18±0.07 dan rata-rata Survival Rate (SR) 59.25±5.12%. Kualitas air selama pemeliharaan didapatkan hasil yang optimum sesuai standar optimum kualitas air budidaya udang vaname (L. vannamei). Pemberian Pakan sistem indeks memberikan hasil yang lebih baik bagi laju pertumbuhan pada budidaya udang vaname, sehingga pakan yang diberikan lebih efektiv dan efisien.
 
EFFECT OF LOCAL PROBIOTIC-ENRICHED COMMERCIAL FEED ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND SURVIVAL RATE OF SIAMESE PANGASIUS (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) FRY
Full text linkThe application of local probiotics in commercial feed not only contributes to aquaculture efficiency but also opens up opportunities for utilizing inexpensive and easily accessible local materials as alternative environmentally friendly feed additives. Biologically, probiotics work by enhancing the balance of intestinal microflora, improving nutrient absorption, and strengthening the fish's immune system against environmental stress and pathogenic infections. Through this mechanism, the inclusion of local probiotics in feed can be an effective approach to naturally and sustainably enhance the physiological performance of fish fry. This study aimed to determine the effect of adding locally-sourced probiotics to commercial feed on the growth and survival of Siamese Pangasius (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) fry. The probiotics were formulated using local ingredients such as banana fronds, turmeric, fine rice bran, yeast, molasses, and Yakult, and were applied to commercial feed at various concentrations. The research was conducted experimentally using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments and three replications: P0 (control, no probiotics), P1 (10 mL probiotics/kg feed), P2 (20 mL/kg feed), and P3 (30 mL/kg feed). Observed parameters included growth, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and survival rate (SR). The results showed that treatment P2 yielded the best outcomes, with the highest growth rate, lowest FCR, and significantly higher survival rate compared to the control. In conclusion, enrichment of commercial feed with local probiotics at a dosage of 20 mL/kg significantly improved the growth performance and survival of Siamese Pangasius fry (p<0.05).The application of local probiotics in commercial feed not only contributes to aquaculture efficiency but also opens up opportunities for utilizing inexpensive and easily accessible local materials as alternative environmentally friendly feed additives. Biologically, probiotics work by enhancing the balance of intestinal microflora, improving nutrient absorption, and strengthening the fish's immune system against environmental stress and pathogenic infections. Through this mechanism, the inclusion of local probiotics in feed can be an effective approach to naturally and sustainably enhance the physiological performance of fish fry. This study aimed to determine the effect of adding locally-sourced probiotics to commercial feed on the growth and survival of Siamese Pangasius (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) fry. The probiotics were formulated using local ingredients such as banana fronds, turmeric, fine rice bran, yeast, molasses, and Yakult, and were applied to commercial feed at various concentrations. The research was conducted experimentally using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments and three replications: P0 (control, no probiotics), P1 (10 mL probiotics/kg feed), P2 (20 mL/kg feed), and P3 (30 mL/kg feed). Observed parameters included growth, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and survival rate (SR). The results showed that treatment P2 yielded the best outcomes, with the highest growth rate, lowest FCR, and significantly higher survival rate compared to the control. In conclusion, enrichment of commercial feed with local probiotics at a dosage of 20 mL/kg significantly improved the growth performance and survival of Siamese Pangasius fry (p<0.05)
ABUNDANCE AND COMPOSITION OF PHYTOPLANKTON IN MILKFISH (Chanos chanos) TRADITIONAL PONDS IN SIDOARJO, EAST JAVA
Full text linkAquatic environmental management is needed to carry out aquaculture in traditional ponds.The purpose of this study was to reveal and explain the composition of phytoplankton intraditional milkfish (Chanos chanos) ponds in Sidoarjo, East Java. The study was conducted inAugust - September 2024 in traditional ponds in Sidoarjo, East Java. The results showed thatthe plankton community structure found 37 phytoplankton genera in 3 divisions Chrysophyta,Chlorophyta, and Cyanophyta. The values ranged from 2179-27620 Ind / ml which includedmesotrophic waters, the diversity index ranged from 1.92 - 2.72 in the moderate category, andthe dominance index ranged from 0.27 - 0.45 which was classified as low. Air qualityparameters include temperature 30-31,8oC, brightness 38-41,5 cm, pH 9, dissolved oxygen6,87-8,4 mg/L, salinity 7-9 ppt, alkalinity 141-169 ppm, nitrate 0,87-2,35 mg/L, andorthophosphate 0,02-0,089 mg/L. As aquaculture in traditional ponds, air and soil qualitymanagement should be carried out during the preparation and maintenance of milkfish (Chanoschanos) ponds so that aquaculture management is maintainedPengelolaan lingkungan perairan diperlukan untuk melakukan budidaya perairan pada tambaktradisional. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kelimpahan dan komposisifitoplankton pada tambak tradisional ikan Bandeng (Chanos chanos) di Sidoarjo, Jawa Timur.Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus – September 2024 di tambak tradisional Sidoarjo,Jawa Timur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan struktur komunitas plankton ditemukan sebanyak 37 genus fitoplankton yang termasuk dalam 3 divisi diantaranya Chrysophyta, Chlorophytadan Cyanophyta. Nilai kelimpahan didapatkan berkisar 2179-27620 Ind/ml yang tergolongperairan mesotrofik, indeks keanekaragaman berkisar 1,92-2,72 dalam kategori sedang, danindeks dominansi berkisar 0,27-0,45 yang tergolong rendah. Parameter kualitas air diantaranyasuhu 30-31,8oC, kecerahan 38-41,5 cm, pH 9, oksigen terlarut 6,87-8,4 mg/L, salinitas 7-9 ppt,alkalinitas 141-169 ppm, nitrat 0,87-2,35 mg/L, dan ortofosfat 0,02-0,089 mg/L. Sebagaibudidaya perairan pada tambak trandisional sebaiknya dilakukan pengelolaan kualitas air dantanah pada saat proses persiapan dan pemeliharaan tambak ikan Bandeng (Chanos chanos)untuk manajemen budidaya perairan tetap terjaga
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN TEPUNG DAGING IKAN NILA TERHADAP TINGKAT KESUKAAN KUE TELUR GABUS
Full text linkIncreasing the protein content in Cork Egg Cake can be done by adding tilapia meat flour. This study aims to determine the best percentage of tilapia meat flour addition in making cork egg cake to produce the most preferred product and determine the proximate composition or nutritional profile of the most preferred cork egg cake product. The method used is an experimental method, namely making cork egg cake with different levels of tilapia meat flour addition, consisting of four treatments (0%; 7.5%; 10%; and 12.5%) with 20 semi-trained panelists as replicates to determine the level of panelist preference for cork egg cake. The parameters observed were hedonic test and chemical test. The most preferred addition of tilapia meat flour to the cork egg cake was the 10% treatment with an average value of appearance 8.4; texture 7.8; aroma 7.8; taste 8.1. The resulting proximate test is 3.90% moisture content; 1.56% ash content; 8.52% protein content; 26.21% fat content; and 59.81% carbohydrate content.
Key words: Fish Meat Flour, Cork Egg Cake, Favorability, Proximate TestPeningkatan kandungan protein pada Kue Telur Gabus dapat dilakukan dengan penambahan tepung daging ikan nila. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan persentase penambahan tepung daging ikan nila yang terbaik pada pembuatan kue telur gabus untuk dapat menghasilkan produk yang paling disukai dan menentukan komposisi proksimat atau profil nutrisi produk kue telur gabus yang paling disukai. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimental yaitu pembuatan kue telur gabus dengan kadar penambahan tepung daging ikan nila yang berbeda-beda, terdiri dari empat perlakuan (0%; 7,5%; 10%; dan 12,5%) dengan 20 orang panelis semi terlatih sebagai ulangan untuk mengetahui tingkat kesukaan panelis terhadap kue telur gabus. Parameter yang diamati adalah uji hedonik dan uji kimia. Penambahan tepung daging ikan nila pada kue telur gabus yang paling disukai adalah perlakuan 10% dengan nilai rata-rata kenampakan kenampakan 8,4; tekstur 7,8; aroma 7,8; rasa 8,1. Uji proksimat yang dihasilkan yaitu kadar air 3,90%; kadar abu 1,56%; kadar protein 8,52%; kadar lemak 26,21%; dan kadar karbohidrat 59,81%.
Kata Kunci: Tepung Daging Ikan, Kue Telur Gabus, Tingkat Kesukaan, Proksima