Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (JEPH)
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Effect of Robot Assistive Therapy on Hand Functional Ability in Stroke Patients: Meta-Analysis
Get PDFBackground: Stroke is a neurological deficit disease caused by bleeding or blockage of blood vessels in the brain which can cause disability or death. Vascular injuries cause various neurological disorders, motor disorders and functional disorders of the hands which are very necessary to carry out daily activities. Robot Assistive Therapy as a breakthrough in stroke rehabilitation technology can be used as an alternative therapy method for post-stroke rehabilitation. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the use of robotic assistive therapy and conventional therapy on the functional abilities of stroke patients' hands.
Subjects and Method: This study used a systematic review and meta-analysis design using the PRISMA flowchart guidelines and the PICO model (Population = Stroke patients. Intervention = Robot Assistive Therapy. Comparison = Conventional therapy. Outcome = Hand functional ability). The article search process was carried out using databases from PubMed, Science Direct, AJOT, Springer Link, and Google Scholar. The keywords used are “Robot Assistive Therapy” AND “stroke” AND “hand function” AND “randomized controlled trial” AND “Fugl Meyer Assessment”. The inclusion criteria in this study were full-text articles using the Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) design from 2012 to 2022. The corresponding articles were then critically reviewed and analyzed using RevMan 5.3 software.
Results: A meta-analysis was conducted on 9 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from Belgium, Italy, Japan, Germany, Lithuania and Switzerland with a total sample of 537 stroke patients. The results of the meta-analysis showed that there was no difference in effectiveness between the use of robot assistive therapy and conventional therapy in improving the functional abilities of stroke patients' hands (SMD= -0.02; 95% CI= -0.42 to 0.38; p= 0.930).
Conclusion: There is no difference in effectiveness between the use of assistive therapy robots and conventional therapy in improving the functional abilities of stroke patients' hands.
Keywords: robot assistive therapy, stroke, hand functional abilities, meta-analysis
Correspondence: Haris Sutopo, Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Telepon: +628155010610
Effects of Insecticide-Treated Nets and Stagnant Water on the Risk of Malaria: A Meta-Analysis
Get PDFBackground: Malaria infection is a global public health problem that causes major morbidity worldwide. Stagnant water is one of the risk factors for malaria, insecticide-treated nets are one of the interventions that can prevent malaria. This study aims to estimate the magnitude of the effect of using insecticide-treated nets and stagnant water around the house on the risk of malaria.
Subjects and Method: This study was conducted using a systematic review and meta-analysis with PICO, Population: children. Intervention: insecticide-treated mosquito nets and stagnant water. Comparison: without insecticide-treated nets and no stagnant water. Result: incidence of malaria. By searching for articles in 3 databases namely PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct published from 2016 to 2023, by entering the following keywords insecticide-treated bed nets” OR “ITN” AND “stagnant water” OR “STAGNA” AND “Malaria” AND “Cross-sectional” AND “Multivariate Analysis”. Articles were selected using the PRISMA flow and data analysis using the Review Manager 5.3.
Results: There are 13 articles using a cross-sectional study design with a total sample of 5,793 children from Indonesia, Cameroon, Nigeria, and Ethiopia which have gone through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Processed data showed that children who used insecticide-treated nets had a 0.65 times lower chance of contracting malaria compared to those who did not use insecticide-treated nets (aOR= 0.65; 95% CI= 0.41 to 1.01; p= 0.060). Children who live in an environment where there is stagnant water have a 4.10 times chance of getting malaria compared to children who live in an environment where there is no stagnant water and this is statistically significant (aOR= 4.10; 95% CI= 2.80 to 6.03; p <0.001).
Conclusion: Insecticidal mosquito nets reduced the incidence of malaria, and stagnant water increased the incidence of malaria.
Keywords: insecticide-treated nets, stagnant water, STAGNA, children
Correspondence: Atika Dwi Minawati. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir Sutami No.36, Kentingan, Jebres, Surakarta, 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +625212613303.
Mortality Risk Factors of COVID-19 Inpatients at Panembahan Senopati Hospital, Bantul, Yogyakarta
Get PDFBackground: COVID-19 Case Fatality Rate (CFR) in Bantul district is 2.64%. This figure is higher than the world CFR reported by WHO of 2.07%. Panembahan Senopati Regional General Hospital is a hospital owned by the Regional Government of Bantul Regency and is one of the COVID-19 referral hospitals. This study aims to determine the characteristics and risk factors for the death of inpatient COVID-19 patients at Panembahan Senopati Hospital.
Subjects and Method: This type of study is observational analytic with a retrospective cross-sectional design. This research was carried out from July to September 2021 at Panembahan Senopati Hospital. A total of 289 research subjects were selected in total sampling. The dependent variable is the mortality of COVID-19 patients. The independent variables were age, sex, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic renal failure, heart disease, immunological disorders, and chronic liver failure. The data were analyzed by multiple logistic regression.
Results: Risk factors for death in hospitalized COVID-19 patients were age, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and chronic renal failure. Age ≥60 years was 2.13 times more likely to cause death (OR = 2.13; CI 95% = 1.24 to 3.66; p=0.006). Hospitalized COVID-19 patients with comorbid diabetes Mellitus were 2.31 times more likely to cause death (OR= 2.31; CI 95% =1.30 to 4.12; p=0.004). Hospitalized Covid-19 patients with comorbid hypertension 2.18 times chance of causing death (OR= 2.18; CI95% =1.12 to 4.25; p= 0.021). Hospitalized COVID-19 patients with comorbid chronic renal failure were likely to cause 3.25 times the death rate (OR= 3.25; CI 95%= 1.11 to 9.51; p=0.031).
Conclusion: Risk factors for death in hospitalized COVID-19 patients are age, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and chronic renal failure.
Keywords: Hospitalization, death, COVID-19 patients
Correspondence:Christiana Sri Wahyuningsih. Nursing and Quality Assurance, Panembahan Senopati Hospital. Jl. Dr. Wahidin Sudiro Husodo, Trirenggo, Bantul, Yogyakarta. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6281287783924
Associations between Anxiety, Depression, and Poor Quality of Sleep on the Risk of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis
Get PDFBackground: Risk factors for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) are mental disorders such as anxiety and depression, while sleep disorders affect 50% of patients with IBS. The condition of IBS if it is chronic can have a negative impact on quality of life and work productivity. The purpose of this study was to estimate the relationship between anxiety, depression and poor sleep quality with the risk of irritable bowel syndrome by means of a systematic review and meta-analysis study.Subjects and Method: This article was prepared using systematic review and meta-analysis studies. This study uses the PICO Model. Meta-analytic studies were conducted by searching for articles from databases in electronic form using Google Scholar, PubMed, Springerlink, Sciencedirect, and the Cochrane Library. An article search was conducted on 15-30 October 2022. The keywords used were “irritable bowel syndrome” or “IBS” or “Functional gastrointestinal disorder” or “Anxiety” or “Depression” or “Mental Disorders” or “Psychological stress” or “Sleep quality” or “Sleep disturbances” or “Cross-Sectional”. The inclusion criteria for this study were complete articles using a Cross-Sectional study, with the year of publication 2009-2022. Analysis of the articles in this study used RevMan 5.3 software.Results: A total of 30 cross-sectional studies from Asia were selected for systematic review and meta-analysis. The data collected shows that anxiety increases 1.53 times and depression 1.29 times with the risk of IBS while poor sleep quality increases the risk of IBS by 1.80 times. This data is considered statistically significant. The results showed that Anxiety (aOR=1.53; 95% CI=1.23 to 1.90; p=0.001), Depression (aOR=1.29; 95% CI=1.05 to 1.59; p=0.02), Poor sleep quality (aOR=1.80; 95% CI=1.48 to 2.19; p<0.001).Conclusion: The relationship between anxiety-depression mental disorder and poor sleep quality is felt to be statistically significant in causing irritable bowel syndrome.
Keywords: irritable bowel syndrome, risk factors, anxiety, depression, sleep quality
Correspondence:Cendekia Airedeta Mulianda. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6282336712311
Effect of Social Support and Self Efficacy on Drug Taking Adherence in Hypertensive Patients: A Meta-Analysis
Get PDFBackground: Hypertension is a condition that causes a person to experience a drastic rise in blood pressure. Social support and self-efficacy are needed to improve skills, self-confidence and a sense of security for patients to be more compliant with taking medication. This study aimed to analyze the effect of social support and self-efficacy on medication adherence in hypertensive patients.Subjects and Method: This study is a meta-analysis using PICO, namely population: hypertensive patients; Intervention: good social support, good self-efficacy; Comparison: low social support, low self-efficacy; Result: medication adherence. The articles used in this study were obtained from two databases, namely PubMed and Google Scholar. Keywords in the article search “social cognitive theory (SCT)” AND “self efficacy“ AND ”social support “AND” hypertension” AND “medication adhe-rence”, cross-sectional. The included article is full English with a cross-sectional study design for 2012–2022 and reports the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) in multivariate analysis. Selection of articles using the PRISMA flowchart. Article analysis using the Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: 7 articles with a cross-sectional study involving 708 people with hypertension from 2 conti-nents namely Asia and Africa for systematic review and meta-analysis. The data collected showed that hypertensive patients with strong social support were twice as likely to adhere to medication as hypertensive patients with weak social support (aOR= 2.16; 95%CI= 1.82 to 2.57; p <0.001), Hyper-tensive patients with self-efficacy Those who are strong are more likely to adhere to medication twice than hypertensive patients with weak self-efficacy (aOR= 2.11; 95% CI = 1.27 to 3.52; p <0.004).Conclusion: Social support and self-efficacy improve medication adherence in hypertensive patients.
Keywords: social support, self-efficacy, social cognitive theory, hypertension, medication adherence
Correspondence:Sukma. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, Central Java 57126, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6281254428800
Meta-Analysis the Effect of Excessively Loud Sounds on Noise Induced Hearing Loss in Manufacturing Industry Workers
Get PDFBackground: Noise that exceeds the threshold value can cause work-related illness, which can be in the form of hearing loss or damage to the ear either temporarily or permanently after being exposed for a certain period of time without adequate protection. Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is a working condition that often occurs in various industrial spectrums. This study aims to estimate the magnitude of the effect of noise on NIHL in manufacturing industry workers.Subjects and Method: This research is a systematic review and meta-analysis. Article search was carried out based on the PICO Model eligibility criteria including: P= Manufacturing industry worker; I= Noise intensity ≥85 dB; C= Noise intensity <85 dB; O= NIHL. The articles used come from 3 databases, namely: PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. The keywords used include “hearing loss” AND “noise-induced hearing loss” AND “manufacturing industry” AND “cross-sectional study”. The inclusion criteria in this study included full-text articles with a cross-sectional study design, the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) was used, the articles were published in the 2003-2022 range, and the outcome was NIHL. Articles were analyzed using the PRISMA diagram and the Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: A meta-analysis of 10 articles from Arab Saudi, Ethiopia, Kuwait, Tanzania, Thailand, Cina, Yordania, Norwegia, and Iran showed that ≥85 dB noise increases the likelihood of NIHL in industrial manufacturing workers. Manufacturing workers exposed to noise intensity of ≥85 dB increased NIHL by 1.90 times compared to manufacturing workers exposed to <85 dB of noise, and this result was statistically significant (aOR= 1.90; CI 95%= 1.61 to 2.26; p< 0.001).Conclusion: A meta-analysis of 10 cross-sectional studies concluded that noise increases the incidence of NIHL in manufacturing industry workers.
Keywords: noise intensity, NIHL, manufacturing industry workers
Correspondence: Rizki Aqsyari. Master’s Program in Public Health, Master’s Program, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl ir sutami no 36A Jebres, Surakarta. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6281272778423
Effect of Injecting Drug User on the Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/ Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis
Get PDFBackground: The problem of narcotics abuse is drug users through injecting needles. Injecting drug users are any person who uses narcotics, psychotropics and addictive substances by injection. In addition, another understanding states that injecting drug users (IDU) or Injection Drug Users (IDUs) are users of narcotics/drugs with injecting media. Injecting drug use (IDU) is one of the main causes of HIV infection due to sharing of contaminated injection equipment.Subjects and Method: The meta-analysis was carried out using the PRISMA flowchart and the PICO model. Population = adolescents and adults. Intervention= IDU/Injection Drug User. Comparison= Not an IDU/Injection Drug User. Outcome= HIV/AIDS events. The articles used in this study were obtained from several databases including PubMed, Google Scholar and Scopus. These articles were collected over 3 months. The keywords to search for articles are as follows “IDU (Injection Drug User)” AND “life style“ ”HIV/ AIDS ”. There were 15 studies, 9 cross-sectional and 6 cohort studies published in 2012-2022 that met the inclusion criteria. Analysis was performed with Revman 5.3.Results: 15 articles with a study design of 9 cross-sectional and 6 cohort studies from Canada, China, Ukraine, Virginia, Nepal, Cambodia, Scotland, Boston and Africa. Studies show that IDUs (Injecting Drug Users) have a 2.17 times risk of developing HIV/AIDS compared to non-IDUs for HIV/AIDS, and these results are statistically significant (aOR= 2.71; 95% CI= 1.22 to 6.02; p= 0.010).Conclusion: IDU (Injection Drug User) increases the incidence of HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) / AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome).
Keywords: IDU, lifestyle, HIV/AIDS, Drugs, Meta-Analysis
Correspondence:Lusiana Dewi Saputri. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6282328370049
Effect of Digital Device on Computer Vision Syndrome: Meta-Analysis
Get PDFBackground: Computers are an integral part of today's modern human life, where long-term use can cause complaints of visual disturbances. Eye complaints related to computer use are called computer vision syndrome. This study aims to determine the magnitude of the influence of the use of digital screens or devices on the occurrence of computer vision syndrome with meta-analysis.Subjects and Method: The meta-analysis was carried out using the PRISMA flowchart and the PICO Population: students model. Intervention: the duration of using the digital screen is long. Comparison: the duration of using the digital screen is short. Outcome: the incidence of computer vision syndrome. The databases used are PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Cochrane library, Google Scholar and CINAHL with keywords (Computers OR Handheld OR Mobile Devices OR “Digital Device” OR Digital Screen) AND (Asthenopia OR “Computer Vision Syndrome” OR Eye Strain OR Digital Eye Strain) AND (“Students” OR School Children OR Secondary Children OR Postgraduate Students). The inclusion criteria in this study were full text articles with a cross-sectional design for 2018 to 2022 in English. The article was then critically reviewed using the Prisma flow chart diagram and analyzed with RevMan 5.3.Results: Meta-analysis was conducted on 9 articles with a cross-sectional study design originating from Ghana, Saudi Arabia, Ethiopia, Spain, Thailand, Lebanon and China involving 28,888 students. The results of the meta-analysis show that the long duration of digital device use increases the risk of experiencing CVS by 2.31 times compared to the short duration of digital device use (aOR= 2.31; 95% CI= 1.60 to 3.32; p<0.001).Conclusion: The duration of using digital devices has a higher risk of experiencing Computer Vision Syndrome.
Keywords: Student, Digital Device, Computer Vision Syndrome, Meta-Analysis
Correspondence: Asri Wahyu Azzahro. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6281328543318
Childhood Physical and Sexual Violences as Potential Factors of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Meta-Analysis
Get PDFBackground: WHO states that as many as 300 million children have experienced physical punishment or psychological violence. These traumatic events can cause Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) which has an impact on the lives of victims of physical and sexual violence. The purpose of this study was to analyze and estimate the average influence of physical and sexual violence in childhood on the incidence of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) using a meta-analysis study.Subjects and Method: This research is a systematic review and meta-analysis with the selection of PRISMA flow diagrams. Population= adults aged >18 years. Intervention= experience of physical and sexual violence as children. Comparison= no experience of physical and sexual violence as children. Outcome= PTSD. Article searches through journal databases include: Pubmed, Google Schoolar, Science Direct, Researchgate and Springerlink. The articles used in this study are articles that have been published from 2000-2022. The keywords used in the database are “Child Physical Abuse”[tw] OR “Childhood Physical Abuse”[tw] OR “Child Maltreatment”[tw] OR “Physical Violence”[tw] OR "Physical Abuse"[Mesh] OR " Child Abuse"[Mesh] AND “Sexual Abuse”[tw] OR “Child Sexual Molestation”[tw] OR "Child Abuse, Sexual"[Mesh] OR "Sexual Trauma"[Mesh] AND “Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder*” [tw] OR “Posttraumatic Stress Disorder*” OR “Post-Traumatic Neuroses”[tw] OR “Post-traumatic Neuroses”[tw] OR “PTSD”[tw] OR "Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic"[Mesh]. Inclusion criteria included full-text articles with a cross-sectional study design. The analysis used multivariate logistic regression with adjusted Odds Ratio and published in English. Articles that met the requirements were analyzed using the Revman 5.4 application.Results: Meta-analysis of 10 articles showing for childhood physical abuse (aOR=1.87; 95% CI=1.47 to 2.37; p<0.001) and childhood sexual violence (aOR=2.67; 95% CI=2.02 up to 3.52; p<0.001).Conclusion: Experience of physical and sexual violence in childhood increases the risk of developing Post Traumatic Stress Disorder as an adult.
Keywords: Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, physical violence, sexual violence, meta-analysis
Correspondence: Fadila Alfiasari. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6285235358882
Meta Analysis: Effects of Household Size, Maternal Education, and Family Income on Stunting
Get PDFBackground: Nutrition is a requirement for every toddler. Inadequate nutritional intake will cause stunting problems. Stunting is a condition of failure to thrive in children where toddlers are shorter in age. This study aims to examine the effect of the number of family members, mother's education and family income on stunting by using meta-analysis.
Subjects and Method: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis. Population was infants aged 6-59 months. Intervention: high number of family members, high mother's education, high family income. Comparison: low number of family members, low mother's education and low family income. Outcome: stunting. The online databases used are PubMed, Google Scholar, springerlink, and Science Direct with the keywords Stunting AND (“Family Size OR “Household Size”) AND (“Maternal Education” OR “Mother's Education”) AND “Wealth Status” OR “Household income”) AND “Cross sectional” AND aOR. There were 13 published cross-sectional studies from 2016-2022 that met the inclusion criteria. Analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4.
Results: A meta-analysis was carried out on 13 articles with a cross-sectional study design originating from Ethiopia, Nigeria and Zambia and involving 63,888 aged 6-59 months. The results of the meta-analysis show that toddlers with a high number of family members have a risk of stunting 1.43 times compared to a low number of family members (aOR = 1.43; 95% CI = 1.17 to 1.75; p<0.001), toddlers with low maternal education can reduce stunting 0.65 times compared to mothers with high education (aOR= 0.65; 95% CI= 0.48 to 0.88; p= 0.005) and toddlers with low family income can reduce the risk of stunting 0.53 times compared to high family income (aOR= 0.53; 95% CI= 0.47 to 0.59; p<0.001).
Conclusion: Toddlers with a high number of family members can increase the risk of stunting while high maternal education and low family income can reduce the risk of stunting.
Keywords: number of family members, mother's education, family income, stunting
Correspondence:Septa Decelita Wahyuni, Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6281373083322