Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (JEPH)
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The Contextual Effect of Village on Health Preventive Behavior for Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Pati, Central Java
Get PDFBackground: Dengue is a mosquito-borne infection that has emerged to become a major public health issue and can result in death. Various efforts have been made as an attempt to empower the community in dengue preventive behavior, but has not yet reached the optimal result. This study aimed to examine the effect of the village on the health preventive behavior for dengue hemorrhagic fever in Pati, Central Java.Subjects and Method: This was a case-control study conducted in Pati, Central Java, in November 2018. A sample of 225 household heads was selected by simple random sampling. The dependent variable was DHF preventive behavior. The independent variables were education, access to information, knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, community health behavior, social capital, and villages. Data on DHF status was measured by medical record. The other data were collected by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by multilevel multiple logistic regression.Results: DHF preventive behavior improved with high education (b= 0.86; 95% CI= 0.04 to 1.70; p= 0.040), good knowledge (b= 0.86; 95% CI= 0.06 to 1.67; p= 0.036), strong self efficacy (b= 0.87; 95 % CI= 0.06 to 1.68; p= 0.036), good access to information (b= 1.98; 95% CI= 1.06 to 2.87; p <0.001), positive attitude (b= 1.40; 95% CI= 0.55 to 2.25; p= 0.001), good community behavior in DHF prevention (b= 0.86; 95% CI= 0.02 to 1.70; p= 0.045), and strong social capital (b= 1.07; 95% CI= 0.26 to 1.89; p= 0.010). Village had strong contextual effect on DHF prevention behavior with ICC= 20.30%.Conclusion: DHF preventive behavior improves with high education, good knowledge, strong self-efficacy, good access to information, positive attitude, good community behavior in DHF prevention, and strong social capital. The village has a strong contextual effect on DHF prevention behavior.Keywords: dengue hemorrhagic fever, preventive behavior, village, multilevel analysisCorrespondence: Nurul Fatimah. Masters Program in Public Health.Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6281329501844.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2019), 4(3): 198-204https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2019.04.03.0
Determinants of Compliance in Conducting Physiotherapy Among Patients with Low Back Pain in Medan Hospital, North Sumatera
Get PDFContextual Effect of Village on the Risk of Pneumonia in Children Under Five in Magetan, East Java
Get PDFBackground: Pneumonia is a major cause of illness and death in children under five worldwide. Studies into the contextual effect of village are lacking in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine contextual effect of village on the risk of pneumonia in children under five in Magetan, East Java.Subjects and Method: This was a case control study conducted in Magetan, East Java, from October 2018 to December 2018. A sample of 225 children under five from 25 villages was selected by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was pneumonia. The independent variables were nutritional status, vitamin A intake, maternal stress, maternal education, family income, family smoking, cooking fuel, house physical environment, and the presence of children in the kitchen when cooking. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multilevel logistic regression.Results: Maternal stress (b= 1.91; 95% CI= 0.75 to 3.06; p= 0.001), family smoking habits (b = 1.39; 95% CI = 0.46 to 2.32; p = 0.003), cooking fuel (b= 1.51; 95% CI= 0.46 to 2.55; p= 0.005), and the presence of children in the kitchen when cooking (b= 1.37; 95% CI = 0.38 to 2.35; p= 0.007) increased the risk of pneumonia in children under five. The risk of pneumonia was reduced by good nutritional status (b= -1.74; 95% CI= -2.70 to -0.78; p <0.001), complete vitamin A status (b= -1.14; 95% CI= -2.04 to -0.24; p= 0.013), high maternal education (b= -1.41; 95% CI= -2.45 to -0.37; p= 0.008), high family income (b= -0.91; 95% CI= -1.80 to -0.02; p= 0.045), and healthy home physical environment (b= -1.86; 95% CI= -3.20 to -0.52; p= 0.007). Village had a strong contextual effect on pneumonia among children under five with ICC= 21.32%.Conclusions: Maternal stress, family smoking habits, cooking fuel, and the presence of children in the kitchen when cooking increase the risk of pneumonia in children under five. It is reduced by good nutritional status, complete vitamin A status, high maternal education, high family income, and healthy home physical environment. Village has a strong contextual effect on pneumonia among children under fiveKeywords: pneumonia, children under five, biopsychosocial, environmental, determinants, multilevel analysisCorrespondence
Does Secondary Smoking and Posyandu Affect the Risk of Hypertension in Pregnancy? Multilevel Evidence from Magelang, Central Java
Get PDFBackground: Pregnancy hypertension was a complication of pregnancy which became one of the causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in the world. This study aimed to determine the effect of individual and contextual factors of integrated health post (posyandu) on hypertension in pregnancy.Subjects and Method: A case control study was conducted in 5 posyandus in Magelang, Central Java, from April to May 2019. A sample of 210 women was selected by simple random sampling. The dependent variable was hypertension in pregnancy. The independent variables were age, parity, nutritional status, family history of hypertension, history of hypertension before pregnancy, history of hormonal contraceptive, and exposure to cigarette smoke. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multilevel multiple logistic regression.Results: Hypertension in pregnancy increased with age <24 or > 35 years old (b= 2.10; 95% CI= 0.16 to 4.04; p= 0.033), parity (b= -3.81; 95% CI = - 6.31 to -1.32; p = 0.003), nutritional status (b= 3.35; 95% CI= 1.36 to 5.33; p= 0.001), family hypertension history (b= 3.35; 95% CI= 1.33 to 5.37; p= 0.001), hypertension history before pregnancy (b= 2.46; 95% CI= 1.1 to 3.81; p<0.001), hormonal contraceptive history (b= 2.6; 95% CI= 0.53 to 4.72; p= 0.014), and cigarette smoke exposure (b= 2.87; 95% CI= 1.15 to 4.58; p= 0.001). Posyandu had negligible contextual effect on hypertension in pregnancy with ICC= 7.6%.Conclusion: Hypertension in pregnancy increases with age <24 or > 35 years old, parity, nutritional status, family hypertension history, hypertension history before pregnancy, hormonal contraceptive history, and cigarette smoke exposure. Posyandu has negligible contextual effect on hypertension in pregnancy.Keywords: Hypertension, pregnancy, cigarette smoke, multilevel analysisCorrespondence: Erin Rizkiana, Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 085729883106Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2019), 4(3): 247-258https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2019.04.03.1
Factors Affecting the Uptake of Non Communicable Disease Screening Service: A Multiple Logistic Regression in Kapuas Hulu, West Kalimantan
Get PDFBackground: A non-communicable disease is the leading cause of mortality in the world. It is also a serious threat to health in low- and middle-income countries. Prevention efforts can be carried out through early detection and monitoring the risk factors of non-communicable disease. This study aimed to determine the factors affecting the uptake of non-communicable disease screening at integrated guidance post in Kapuas Hulu, West Kalimantan.Subjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study. This study was conducted in Kapuas Hulu, West Kalimantan from August to October 2019. There were 200 people as the sample of the study. They were selected by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was the uptake of non-communicable disease screening. The independent variables were subjective norm, health information exposure, family support, cadre support, healthy behavior, health status, attitude, intention, and type of integrated guidance post. The data were collected by using questionnaires. They were analyzed by a multiple logistic regression with Stata 13.Results: The uptake of non-communicable disease screening increased with subjective norm that supported (OR=2.86; 95%CI=1.16 to 7.01; p=0.022), lots of health information exposure (OR= 2.64; 95%CI=1.08 to 6.46; p=0.033), strong family support (OR=3.06; 95%CI=1.28 to 7.33; p= 0.012), strong cadre support (OR=2.75; 95%CI=1.15 to 6.54; p=0.022), positive healthy behavior (OR= 2.82; 95%CI=1.20 to 6.60; p=0.017), health status of having non-communicable diseas
Logistic Regression on Factors Affecting Depression among the Elderly
Get PDFBackground: Mental health problems, especially depression, have a major impact on the elderly. Depression is a major contributor to the burden of disease globally which can cause suicide. This study aimed to determine the factors that influence depression in the elderly.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. It was conducted from October to December 2018. A total of 200 elderly was selected by simple random sampling. The dependent variable was depression. The independent variables were income, history of chronic illness, family function, social interaction, social support, social isolation, and loneliness. Data on depression was measured by Geriatric Depression Scale 15 (GDS-15). The other data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by multiple logistic regression.Results: The risk of depression in elderly increased with history of chronic illness (OR= 8.03; 95% CI= 1.48 to 43.42; p= 0.016), social isolation (OR= 6.05; 95% CI= 1.41 to 25.98; p= 0.015), and loneliness (OR= 7.14; 95% CI= 1.62 to 31.41; p= 0.009). It decreased with high income (OR= 0.14; 95% CI= 0.03 to 0.60; p= 0.008), strong family function (OR= 0.13; 95% CI= 0.02 to 0.67; p= 0.014), strong social interaction (OR= 0.11; 95% CI= 0.02 to 0.48; p= 0.003), and strong social support (OR= 0.16; 95% CI= 0.04 to 0.65; p= 0.011).Conclusion: The risk of depression in the elderly increases with a history of chronic illness, social isolation, and loneliness. It decreases with high income, strong family function, strong social interaction, and strong social support.Keywords: depression, elderly, income, chronic illness, family function, social factors, lonelinessCorrespondence
The Effect of Obesity, Oral Contraceptive and Passive Smoking on the Risk of Cervical Cancer
Get PDFBackground: Studies have investigated the effects of obesity on cancer development. However, the relationship between obesity and cervical cancer risk is unclear. This study aimed to determine the effect of obesity, oral contraceptive and passive smoking on the risk of cervical cancer.Subjects and Method: A case-control study was conducted at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, from October to December 2018. A sample of 200 patients was selected by fixed disease sampling, consisting of 100 cervical cancer patients and 100 noncervical cancer patients. The dependent variable was cervical cancer. The independent variables were obesity, oral contraceptive use, smoking exposure, parity, age at first sexual intercourse, and family history. The data were obtained from the medical record. The data were analyzed by multiple logistic regression.Results:The risk of cervical cancer increased with obesity (OR= 6.83; 95%CI= 2.44 to 19.17; p<0.001), cigarette smoke exposure (OR= 12.57; 95% CI= 4.59 to 34.41; p<0.001),oral contr
Factors Associated with Pneumonia in Children Under Five after Earthquake: A Path Analysis Evidence from West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: Pneumonia is an infectious disease which is the main killer among children under five. This study aims to analyze socio-economic and environmental determinants of the incidence of pneumonia in children under five after the earthquake.Subjects and Method: This study used observational analytic using case control. The total sample of 237 children under five aged 12-59 months old and the sampling technique was fixed disease sampling. The independent variables in this study were birth weight, exclusive breastfeeding, nutritional status, immunization status, maternal education, family income, healthy behavior, physical quality of the house, exposure to cooking fuel smoke, smoking activities of family members and active village influences. Collecting the variables was through questionnaires and analyzed by using path analysis.Results: Birth weigh
Path Analysis on the Biopsychosocial Factors Associated with Hypertension
Get PDFBackground: Hypertension is a non-communicable disease which may lead to premature death and disability. This study aimed to determine the biopsychosocial factors associated with the risk of hypertension.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with a case-control design. This study was conducted at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, from September to November 2018. A sample of 225 patients was selected by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was hypertension. The independent variables were anxiety, stress, quality of sleep, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, vegetables and fruit, coffee drink, and soft drink consumption. Blood pressure was measured by sphygmomanometer. Body weight was measured by scale. Body height was measured by microtoise. The other data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis.Results: Hypertension directly increased with anxiety (b= 0.26; 95%CI= 0.02to 0.51; p= 0.037), stress (b= 0.28; 95%CI= 0.04 to 0.53; p= 0.022), poor quality of sleep (b= 0.46; 95%CI= 0.06 to 0.87; p= 0.026), BMI (b= 0.68; 95%CI= 0.051 to 1.31; p= 0.034), coffee drink consumption (b= 1.31; 95%CI= 0.17 to 2.46; p= 0.024), and soft drink consumption (b= 0.38; 95%CI= 0.04 to 0.72; p= 0.029). Hypertension directly decreased with high physical activity (b= -0.04; 95%CI= -0.07 to -0.004; p= 0.027), vegetable and fruit consumption (b= -1.13; 95%CI= -2.07 to -0.19; p= 0.037). Hypertension was indirectly affected by anxiety, physical activity, quality of sleep, and coffe drink consumption through BMI and quality of sleep.Conclusion: Hypertension is directly and positively affected by anxiety, stress, poor quality of sleep, BMI, coffee drink consumption, and soft drink consumption, but negatively affected by high physical activity, vegetable and fruit consumption.Keywords: hypertension, biopsychosocial, determinantsCorrespondence
Is Cognitive Impairment a Risk Factor for Post-Stroke Depression? A Meta-Analysis Study
Get PDFBackground: Depression is a psychiatric complication of stroke that often occurs and had a negative impact. Every year, 15 million people who experience strokes globally are at risk of developing post-stroke depression. Cognitive disorders are often associated with the presence of post-stroke depression. Understanding of risk factors for post-stroke depression can help in clinical identification and provide early intervention to improve stroke rehabilitation better. Therefore, it is very important to identify patients at risk for depression. This study aims to analyze cognitive impairment factors in the incidence of post-stroke depression.Subjects and Method: The meta-analysis was conducted from Pubmed, Science Direct, and Springer Link databases using "stroke", "depression", "post-stroke depression AND risk factor" keywords. The article chosen was an article published from January 1, 2009 to September 30, 2018. The data were analyzed using RevMan 5 program.Results: 6 studies consisting of 3140 patients were selected for this study. The results of a meta-analysis showed that cognitive impairment was a risk factor for post-stroke depression. Cognitive disorder was positively and significantly associated with post-stroke depression (OR = 1.24; 95% CI= 1.03 to 1.49; p = 0.02).Conclusion: Cognitive disorder is a risk factor for post-stroke depression.Keywords: depression, post-stroke, cognitive impairment, risk factor, meta-analysisCorrespondence