Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (JEPH)
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Biological and Social Economic Determinants of Adherence and Cure of Tuberculosis Treatment: Path Analysis Evidence from Yogyakarta
Get PDFBackground: Tuberculosis (TB) was an infectious disease which was still a health problem worl
Relationships between Age, Sex, Laboratory Parameter, and Length of Stay in Patients with Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever
Get PDFBackground: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an infectious disease caused by dengue virus. Until now, Dengue virus infection remains a health problem in Indonesia. The things which cause problems in DHF case are high mortality rates, diseases spread which are easily spread, especially affect children. Handling of DHF patients needs long of a length of stay which has large costs.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. This study was conducted at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, based on medical records. 32 samples were selected using purposive sampling. The independent variables were age, sex, platelet count, hematocrit value, and a number of leukocytes. The dependent variable was the length of stay. The data were obtained from medical records using a Chi-square test. Bivariate analysis was used to determine the factors which affected DHF on length of stay using Chi-square, Kolmogorov Smirnov, continuing with multiple linear regression analysis.Results: The age of DHF patients was from 1 year of age to 53 years of age with an average age of 20.07 +13.45 years. The number of female patients was 15 patients. Platelets level (x 1,000) was 25 for minimum and 308 for maximum. Mea
Risk Factors of Dengue Fever: Application of PRECEDE
Get PDFBackground: Dengue infection is one of the main health problems in more than 100 tropical and subtropical countries. This study aims to analyze the factors that play a role in the occurrence of dengue fever cases by applying the PRECED - PROCEED model.Subjects and Method:This was an analytic observational study with a case control design. The study was conducted at 8 sub-districts in Sukoharjo, Central Java, from May to July 2018. A sample of 200 study subjects was selected for this study by fixed disease sampling, comprising 50 peoples with dengue fever and 150 peoples without dengue fever. The dependent variables were dengue fever. The independent variables were intention, attitude, education, dengue fever prevention, family income, and sanitation. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis run on Stata 13.Results: The risk of dengue fever was directly reduced by good environmental sanitation (b= -1.32, 95% CI= -2.09 to -0.54, p= 0.001) and good prevention behavior (b= -2.61, 95% CI= -3.55 to -1.67, p<0.001). The risk of dengue fever was indirectly affected by intention, attitude, education, and family income.Conclusion: The risk of dengue fever is directly reduced by good environmental sanitation and good prevention behavior. The risk of dengue fever is indirectly affected by intention, attitude, education, and family income.Keywords: dengue fever, preventive behavior, environmental sanitation, PRECEDE-PROCEED modelCorrespondence
Factors Associated with Hypertension among Elderly in Medan, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: Hypertension or high blood pressure is often called the silent killer. World Health Organization reported that hypertension is estimated to cause 7.5 million deaths (12.8% of the total of all deaths). Prevalence of hypertension in Medan ranked the third in Indonesia in all ages with the mortality of 6.8%. The purpose of this study was to examine factors associated with hype
Factors Associated with Success Rate for Tuberculosis Treatment in Hospital: A Directly Observed Treatment Short Tuberculosis Prevention Strategy in Central Java
Get PDFBackground: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major health problem throughout the world. Hospitals and pulmonary clinics contribute significantly to the number of patients from all positive smear cases. Hospital performance in TB control is assessed using treatment success rates. The purpose of this study is to find out an overview of hospital performance factors that influence the success of hospitals in TB control in Central Java.Subjects and Method: The study design was a descriptive analytical epidemiology with a retr
Associations of Contact History, Smoking Status, Nutrition Status, Anti Retrovirus Treatment, and TB HIV Co-infection Among People with HIV/AIDS
Get PDFBackground: Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV co-infection causes a heavy burden on health care systems and poses particular diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Studies into predictors of TB-HIV co-infection is lacking in Indonesia. This study aimed to examine the associations of contact history, smoking status, nutrition status, ARV treatment, and TB HIV co-infection among people with HIV/AIDS (PLWH).Subjects and Method: This was a unmatched case-control study conducted in Balige, North Sumatera. A sample of 82 people living with HIV/AIDS was selected for this study, comprising 41 cases with and 41 controls without TB-HIV co-infection. The dependent variable was TB-HIV co-infection. The independent variables were contact history, smoking status, nutrition status, and anti retroviral (ARV) treatment. The data on HIV/AIDS co-infection were taken from the medical record at HKBP Committee HIV/AIDS service. Other variables were measured by questionnaire. Data were analyzed by a multiple logistic regression.Results: 82.9% of PLWH had no contact history with TB patients, 56.1% had poor nutrition status, 78% were smokers, and 58.5% had irregular ARV treatment. The risk of TB HIV co-infection increased with poor nutrition status (OR=3.48; p=0.014), smoking (OR=3.39; p=0.021), and irregular ARV treatment (OR=10.16; p<0.001). Test results multiple ARV treatment is the most dominant variable affecting the incidence of TB-HIV co-infection (OR= 8.04; 95% CI= 2.47 to 26.18; p<0.001).Conclusion: The risk of TB HIV co-infection increases with poor nutrition status, smoking status, and irregular ARV treatment.Keywords: TB, HIV co-infection, nutrition status, smoking, ARV treatment, people living with HIV/AIDSCorrespondence
Determinants of Recurrence and Death in HIV-Malaria Co-Infection Patients in Jayapura, Papua, Indonesia
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Multilevel Analysis on the Contextual Effect of Village on the Incidence of Hemorrhagic Dengue Fever in Grobogan, Central Java
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The Effects of Exclusive Breastfeeding and Contextual Factor of Village on Stunting in Bontang, East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: Basic Health Research Results of 2018 stated that 30.8% of Indonesian children experienced Stunting. Stunting problems describe the existence of chronic nutritional problems, which can be influenced by a variety of interrelated factors. This study aimed to examine the determinants of stunting Bontang, East Kalimantan, Indonesia.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with a case control design. It was conducted at 15 sub-districts in Bontang, East Kalimantan, from February to April 2019. A sample of 225 children was selected by purposive sampling. The dependent variable was stunting. The independent variables were exclusive breastfeeding, history of infection, low birth weight (LBW), economic status, maternal education, maternal height, basic sanitation, and Community Based Total Sanitation (CBTS) urban village status. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multilevel multiple logistic regression.Results: The risk of stunting decreased with maternal height ?150 cm (b = -1.37; 95% CI= -2.41 to -0.32; p = 0.010), maternal education ?senior high school (b = -1.83; 95 % CI= -2.79 to -0.87; p<0.001), exclusive breastfeeding (b= -1.67; 95% CI= -3.28 to -0.06; p= 0.042), and high economic status (b= -1.33; 95% CI= -2.23 to -0.41; p= 0.004). It was increased with number of family members >4 (b= 1.32; 95% CI= 0.41 to 2.22; p= 0.004), history of infectious disease (b= 2.23; 95% CI= 1.32 to 3.14; p<0.001), poor environmental sanitation (b= 1.83; 95% CI= 0.64 to 3.02; p= 0.003), and LBW (b= 1.30; 95% CI= 0.04 to 2.56; p= 0.043). Subdistricts had neglected contextual effect on the incidence of stunting with ICC <1%.Conclusion: The risk of stunting decreases with maternal height ?150 cm, maternal education ?senior high school, exclusive breastfeeding, and high economic status. It is increased with number of family members >4, history of infectious disease, poor environmental sanitation, and LBW. Subdistricts has neglected contextual effect on the incidence of stunting.Keywords: stunting,exclusive breastfeeding, multilevel analysisCorrespondence
Multilevel Analysis on Determinants of Diarrhea in Demak, Central Java
Get PDFBackground: Diarrhea is an infectious disease with high mortality in Indonesia. Diarrhea often occurs where risk factor control is weak, such as in rural area. This study aimed to examine the determinants of diarrhea in Demak, Central Java.Subjects and Method: A case-control study was conducted in Demak, Central Java, in October to November 2018. A sample of 200 study subjects was selected by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was diarrhea. The independent variables were age, clean water supply, latrine availability, waste water management, waste management, hand wash behavior, family income, and education level. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multilevel regression, run on Stata 13.Results: Diarrhea increased with poor clean water supply (b= 1.45; 95% CI= 0.23 to 2.67; p= 0.020), latrine unavailable (b= 1.86; 95% CI= 0.66 to 3.06; p= 0.002), poor waste management (b= 2.71; 95% CI= 1.52 to 3.90; p<0.001), poor garbage management (b= 1.34; 95% CI= 0.17 to 2.50; p= 0.024), irregular hand washing with soap (b= 1.34; 95% CI= 0.12 to 2.40; p= 0.030). Diarrhea decreased with high family income (b= -1.56; 95% CI= -2.78 to -0.34; p= 0.012) and high education (b= -1.75; 95% CI= -2.95 to -0.565; p= 0.004). Diarrhea was negatively associated with age but it was statistically non-significant (b= -0.33; 95% CI= -1.51 to 0.844; p= 0.578). Village had contextual effect on the incidence of diarrhea (ICC= 13.9%).Conclusion: Diarrhea increases with poor clean water supply, latrine unavailable, poor waste management, poor garbage management, irregular hand washing with soap. Diarrhea decreases with high family income and high education. Village has contextual effect on the incidence of diarrhea.Keywords: diarrhea, water supply, hand wash behavior, waste managementCorrespondence