Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (JEPH)
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Effect of Smoking on Tuberculosis Treatment Failure: Meta-Analysis
Get PDFBackground: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that is the leading cause of health problems and death worldwide. Smoking is one of the factors that affect the outcome of TB treatment. This study aims to examine the effect of smoking on TB treatment failure.Subjects and Method: Meta-analysis was carried out according to the PRISMA diagram using the PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases. The keywords used ((tuberculosis OR TB) AND (smoking OR tobacco)) AND (impact OR treatment OR outcome OR effect). There were 9 studies with a cohort study design published in 2011-2021 that met the inclusion criteria. The analysis was performed with Revman 5.3.Results: There were 9 articles consisting of 6 studies from Asia (Malaysia, Iran and Armenia), 1 study from North America (Mexico) and 1 study from South America (Brazil) which were included in this meta-analysis. Nine articles showed a significant effect of smoking on TB treatment failure (SMD= 1.88; 95% CI= 1.43 to 2.49; p< 0.001).Conclusion: Smoking can increase tuberculosis treatment failure.
Keywords: tuberculosis, smoking, treatment, meta-analysis
Correspondence:Victoria Sari. Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 081393539020
The Effect of Metformin Use on Mortality of COVID-19 Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Get PDFBackground: COVID-19 is a disease caused by infection with the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 is still a worldwide threat because of its high morbidity and mortality. This is influenced by the occurrence of hypertension, obesity, age and diabetes mellitus. However, currently there is still controversy in the results of research regarding the use of metformin in COVID-19 with type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM). This study was aimed to analyze the effect of metformin in COVID-19 patients with diabetes mellitus on mortality rates.Subjects and Method: This study was a systematic review and meta-analysis with the following PICO. P: COVID-19 patient with type-2 diabetes mellitus. I: administration of metformin therapy. C: therapy other than metformin and O: mortality. The articles used in this study were obtained from several databases, namely PubMed, Science Direct, Proquest, SpringerLink, Google Scholar and Scopus. The article search keywords were: “COVID-19” OR “coronavirus” AND “diabetes” AND “metformin” AND “mortality.” Articles included are full-text English using a cohort study design from 2020 to 2021 and reporting the Odds Ratio in multivariate analysis. The selection of articles was carried out using the PRISMA flow chart. The articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: A total of 7 cohort studies involving 136,321 COVID-19 patients from the Americas (USA and Alabama United States), Europe (France and Spain), and Asia (China and South Korea) were selected for systematic review and meta-analysis. The data collected showed that COVID-19 patients with diabetes mellitus who were given metformin reduced the risk of death by 0.90 times higher compared to COVID-19 patients with diabetes mellitus who were not given metformin therapy (aOR= 0.90; CI 95%= 0.68 to 1.19; p=0.450).Conclusion: Metformin can reduce the risk of death in COVID-19 patients with diabetes mellitus.
Keywords: Diabetes, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, metformin, mortality
Correspondence:Dwi Trisnawati Zainal. Masters Program of Public Health Science, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +62-8133-1282-009
Meta-Analysis of Correlations between Work Stress and Burnout with Work Satisfaction in Nurses
Get PDFBackground: Nurses are one of the human resources in the field of health services. Human resources who work in the service sector mostly have high levels of stress and burnout. The level of stress and burnout affect the work satisfaction of nurses. This study aims to determine the relationship between work stress and burnout with nurses’ work satisfaction.Subjects and Method: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis by searching for articles published by the online database including PubMed, ResearchGate, Science Direct, Google Schoolar and EBSCO in 2007 to 2022. PICO variable work stress (Population: nurses, Intervention: heavy stress, Comparison: heavy stress, Outcome: work satisfaction). PICO variable burnout (Population: nurses, Intervention: heavy burnout, Comparison: heavy burnout, Outcome: work satisfaction). Data analysis was using RevMan software version 5.3.Results: Nurses who experience heavy or severe stress have a risk of lowering work satisfaction by 0.97 times compared to mild work stress, but it is not statistically significant (aOR= 0.97; 95% CI 0.78 to 1.20; p=0.750). Nurses who experience heavy burnout have a risk of reducing job satisfaction 0.87 times compared to mild job burnout, but it is not statistically significant (aOR= 0.87; CI 95% 0.58 to 1.30; p= 0.490).Conclusion: High stress levels can reduce nurses’ work satisfaction. A high level of burnout can reduce nurses’ work satisfaction.
Keywords: burnout, nurse, work satisfaction, work stress.
Correspondence:Arista Gunawati. Masters Program in Public Health Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6285647093646
Malaria Surveillance Mapping in Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: Kulon Progo is one of contributing malaria cases in Indonesia and eliminating incidence malaria still unsolved problem in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the relationship between mosquito breeding sites, the distribution of malaria cases through Arc-GIS specifically for buffering and spatial analysis in Kulon Progo Regency from 2015 to 2021.Subjects dan Method: This descriptive research retrospective approach was conducted from secondary data on malaria cases in Kulon Progo between 2015 and 2021. The variable research in this study are positive malaria cases diagnosed using the traditional method of thick blood and thin smear. The sampling technique in this study used total sampling, in totally 265 cases were included. The Data on malaria cases in Kulon Progo Health Office were used as instruments to develop the spatial map and questionnaires served as a confirmation sheet for demographic characteristic. GPS (Global Positioning System) 10.3 used to determine the coordinates of malaria cases. Data on malaria cases are presented in a six-year time series. Area classification using Arc-GIS 10.1 software with buffer analysis and visualization data was utilized to determine the distribution pattern of malaria.Results: Incidence declined sharply 23.9 to 0.4 cases per 100,000 in 2015 to 2021. The purely cluster of malaria cases trend were in the watershed area at a distance of <250 meters in Kokap Sub-district. Malaria cases were mostly found in rice fields with a distance of <250 meters in Samigaluh Sub-district. All malaria cases were in the garden areas of <250meters in Nanggulang and the forest area of >250 meters in the Kalibawang Sub-district. Conclusion: Probability of malaria transmission are rivers, rice fields and gardens. It is necessary to hold training on the use of the Arc-GIS application for surveillance officers.Keywords: Gis, malaria, mapping, surveillance.
Correspondence: Fatma Nuraisyah, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Indonesia. Kapas street No. 9, Semaki, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Post Box: 55166; email: [email protected]. Mobile: 6285747232100
Meta Analysis of the Effect of Mastectomy on Dysfunction Sexuality in Women with Breast Cancer
Get PDFBackground: Breast cancer is cancer that forms in breast tissue, breast cancer occurs when cells in the tissue in the breast grow uncontrollably and take over the healthy breast tissue and its surroundings. Breast cancer has the highest mortality rate due to delay in early detection. In addition, several breast cancer treatments such as lumpectomy surgery, mastectomy, radiotherapy, hormone therapy and chemotherapy have long-term side effects, one of which is sexual dys¬function. This study aimed to estimate the effect of mastectomy on sexual dysfunction in women with breast cancer, with a meta-analysis of primary studies conducted by the previous authors.
Subjects and Method: This study was a systematic review and meta-analysis with the following PICO, population: women with breast cancer. Intervention: mastectomy. Comparison: no mastectomy. Outcome: sexual dysfunction. The articles used in this study were obtained from databases, namely Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct. Keywords to search for articles “Breast Cancer” OR “Sexual Dysfunction” OR “Mastectomy” articles included are full-text English and Indonesian with a cross-sectional study design from 2012 to 2021 and report the Adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) that appropriate in the multivariate analysis. The selection of articles was carried out using the PRISMA flowchart. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.
Results: A total of 9 cross-sectional studies involving 6,045 breast cancer patients from Spain, China, Turkey, Denmark, America, UAS, Iran, Australia, and Iran were selected for systematic review and meta-analysis. The data collected showed that breast cancer patients who underwent mastectomy had a 1.69 times risk of sexual dysfunction compared to women who did not use the mastectomy treatment method (aOR = 1.69; 95% CI = 0.83 to 3.45: p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Women with breast cancer and undergoing mastectomy increase the risk of sexual dysfunction.
Keywords: breast cancer, mastectomy, sexual dysfunction.
Correspondence: Sumiyati. Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta. Mlangi Nogotirto, Jl. Siliwangi Jl. Ringroad Barat No. 63, Area Sawah, Nogotirto, Gamping, Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta 55592. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 082282246211
Meta-Analysis Aerobic Exercise Improves Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Survivor
Get PDFBackground: Cancer is one of the health problems throughout the world, the increasing mortality rate due to breast cancer is one of them because it is detected at an advanced stage. In 2018 breast cancer was at the top of the list impacting 2,088,849 (11.6%) world women every year and with an incidence of death of 626,679 (6.6%) cases. One category of intervention to improve the quality of life of breast cancer survivors that has developed in recent years is by means of aerobic exercise. This study aims to estimate the magnitude of the effect of aerobic exercise on the quality of life of breast cancer survivors.Subjects and Method: This study was a meta-analysis study with PICO as follows P = breast cancer survivors. I= aerobic exercise. C= no intervention. O= quality of life. The articles used in this study were obtained from several databases, namely PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. This article was collected for 2 months. The keywords to search for articles were as follows: “breast cancer” OR “ca mammae” OR “carcinoma mammae” OR “mammae cancer”AND aerobic OR “aerobic exercise” AND “quality of life” OR “QOL” AND “RCT” OR “randomized control trial” OR “cluster-randomized control trial”. The articles included in this study are full text articles with a Randomized Controlled Trial study design. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application. The results of the meta-analysis are reported using the PRISMA flow diagram.Results: There are 9 articles that have been analyzed from California, America, Iran, Kosovo, Spain, England, Canada, Germany, and the Netherlands. Studies show that aerobic exercise intervention improves the quality of life of breast cancer survivors SMD= 0.14; 95% CI= -0.23 to 0.51), and the results were not statistically significant (p= 0.460).Conclusion: Aerobic exercise improves the quality of life of breast cancer survivors.
Keywords: aerobic exercise, breast cancer survivors, quality of life
Correspondence:Citra Ayuningtiyas. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 085345903455
Meta Analysis the Effects of Asbestos and Silica Dust on the Risk of Lung Cancer among Workers
Get PDFBackground: Lung cancer is a cancer whose incidence increases every year and is the number one cancer cause of death in the world. One of the causes of lung cancer comes from occupational exposure in the form of asbestos dust and silica. This study aims to analyze the effect of exposure to asbestos and silica dust on the incidence of lung cancer in the working community.Subjects and Method: This study is a meta-analysis with the following PICO, population: working society. Intervention: exposure to asbestos dust and silica dust. Comparison: not exposed to asbestos dust and silica dust. Result: lung cancer. The articles used in this study were obtained from three databases, namely Google Scholar, Pubmed, and Science Direct. The keywords to search for articles were “dust exposure” OR “silica dust exposure” OR “asbestos dust exposure” OR “occupational dust exposure” AND “lung cancer”. The articles included are full-text English with a case-control study design from 2007 to 2022. The articles were selected using PRISMA flow diagrams. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: A total of 14 case-control studies from continental Europe, America and Asia were selected for systematic review and meta-analysis. Based on 8 studies on the effect of exposure to asbestos dust on the incidence of lung cancer, the incidence of lung cancer increased 1.57 times compared to workers who were not exposed to asbestos dust (aOR= 1.57; 95% CI= 1.20 to 2.06; p= 0.001) and 9 case-control studies on the effect of exposure to silica dust showed an increase of 1.31 times the incidence of lung cancer compared to workers who were not exposed to silica dust (aOR = 1.31; 95% CI = 1.25 to 1.38; p<0.001).Conclusion: Exposure to asbestos and silica dust increases the incidence of lung cancer in workers.
Keywords: asbestos, silica, occupational dust exposure, lung cancer.
Correspondence:Aurina Firda Kusuma Wardani. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Mobile: +6282135012135. Email: [email protected]
Meta Analysis of the Relationship between Tea Drinking Habits and the Incidence of Anemia in Pregnant Women
Get PDFBackground: Anemia is a nutritional problem that needs attention and is one of the public health problems in Indonesia. One of the causes of anemia in pregnant women is the consumption of tea, where tea contains polyphenols which can inhibit the absorption of iron. The purpose of this study was to analyze the available evidence related to the relationship between tea drinking habits and the incidence of anemia in pregnant women.Subjects and Method: This study uses a systematic review and meta-analysis with PICO, namely, population= pregnant women. Intervention= drinking tea. Comparison= don't drink tea. Outcome = incidence of anemia. Article searches were conducted using electronic databases such as Google Scholar and PubMed between 2013 and 2022. The keywords used were: [("drinking tea" OR "tea consumption") AND ("anemia" AND "pregnancy") OR ("pregnant" women")]. The inclusion criteria used were full paper articles with observational studies (cross-sectional), multivariate analysis with adjusted Odd Ratios (aOR) to measure the estimated effect. The article search results are listed in the PRISMA diagram and analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: A total of 7 articles from Ethiopia, Somalia, Nepal, and Saudi Arabia were selected to be carried out in a systematic review and meta-analysis. The data collected showed that pregnant women who had the habit of drinking tea could increase the risk of anemia 1.94 times compared to pregnant women who did not drink tea (aOR=1.94; 95% CI=1.10 to 3.43; p=0.020).Conclusion: Pregnant women who have a habit of drinking tea can increase the risk of anemia.
Keywords: Pregnant women, drinking tea, and anemia
Correspondence:Samara Rahma Dania. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6285647233020
The Benefits of Acupuncture Combined with a Low Purine Diet to Improve Uric Acid and Total Cholesterol in Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Hyperuricemia
Get PDFBackground: Diabetes mellitus with hyperuricemia causes the accumulation of monosodium urate crystals in the synovial joint tissue. The incidence of gout in Indonesia according to the Indonesian Rheumatology Association, namely: gout 1-2 percent of adults, is the most cases of arthritis in men and is estimated to be between 13.6 per 1,000 men and 6.4 per 1,000 women. The prevalence of gout increased with age, an average of 7 percent of men >75 years and 3 percent of women >85 years.Subjects dan Method: Quasi-Experimental with pre and post-test designs. The research time is between March to September 2021 at the Posyandu for the elderly in Surakarta City. The population of this study were all objects with fasting blood sugar levels between 100 mg/dl - 125 mg/dl and above 126 mg/dl, female blood uric acid levels exceeding 5.6 mg/dl in men and exceeding 6.5 in the city. Surakarta, sample selection using purposive sampling, sample size 40 subjects. The dependent variable is uric acid, cholesterol and total blood levels, the independent variable is combination acupuncture therapy with a low purine diet. The research instrument used a checklist for blood analysis and physical examination. Data analysis using t-test.Results: Uric acid levels after acupuncture therapy in the intervention group were lower (Mean= 3.31; SD= 0.61) than the control group (Mean= 5.83; SD= 1.29), and not statistically significant (p= 0.935). Total cholesterol level after acupuncture therapy in the intervention group was lower (Mean= 166.00; SD= 34.20) than the control group (Mean= 222.30; SD= 55.43), but it was statistically non-significant (p= 0.676).Conclusion: Acupuncture therapy can reduce uric acid levels and total cholesterol levels.
Keywords: Acupuncture, low purine diet, uric acid level, cholesterol level
Correspondence:Sumanto. College Leading Basic Research, Acupuncture Course, Health Polyetchnics, Ministry of Health Surakarta. Jl. Letjend Sutoyo Mojosongo, Surakarta, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile phone: 08121608067
Pesticide Exposure and Its Correlation with Hemoglobin and Cholinesterase in Farmers Who Used Pesticide
Get PDFBackground: Agriculture is the most important sector in basic human needs. Farmers must improve the quality of agricultural products by using synthetic chemicals, someone who experiences pesticide poisoning will have low cholinesterase levels. This study aims to analyze pesticide exposure to hemoglobin and cholinesterase levels in farmers who use pesticides.Subjects and Method: This was a systematic review study and meta-analysis conducted with the PRISMA diagram guidelines. The search for articles was carried out taking into account the eligibility criteria defined in the PICO model. Population= farmers using pesticides, Intervention= exposed to pesticides, Comparison= not exposed to pesticides, Outcome= hemoglobin and cholinesterase levels. The article search process was carried out between 2002-2022 from the Pubmed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Springer Link, Hindawi, and Plose one databases. The keywords used were “hemoglobin”, “exposed pesticide”, “cholinesterase level”, “farmers”, “hemoglobin AND exposed pesticide”, “cholinesterase level AND farmers”, “hemoglobin AND farmers”. The inclusion criteria in this study were the full text of a cross-sectional study, discussing pesticide exposure to hemoglobin and cholinesterase levels in farmers using pesticides, published in English. Final results are presented in the mean SD of the multivariate analysis. Data analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software.Results: A meta-analysis was conducted on 13 articles originating from America, Asia, Africa, and Europe. The results of the meta-analysis showed that farmers exposed to pesticides experienced a decrease in hemoglobin, but it was not statistically significant (SMD= -0.28; 95% CI= -1.10 to 0.54; p=0.500). Pesticide exposure reduced cholinesterase levels in farmers using pesticides, the results were statistically significant (SMD= -2.48; 95% CI= -3.68 to -1.27; p<0.001).Conclusion: The results of the meta-analysis showed that pesticide exposure decreased hemoglobin and cholinesterase levels in farmers using pesticides.
Keywords: hemoglobin, cholinesterase levels, farmers
Correspondence:Arum Nuryati. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +628572879209