European Scientific Journal (European Scientific Institute)
Not a member yet
14481 research outputs found
Sort by
Dynamiques de l’occupation du sol et du ravinement dans le bassin versant d’un petit affluent du fleuve Niger : kori Ganguel (sud-ouest Niger)
Get PDFL’érosion hydrique est un facteur majeur de la dégradation des milieux sableux au Niger. L’objectif de ce travail est de caractériser la dynamique environnementale sur le bassin de Ganguel. Il s’agit spécifiquement de déterminer les dynamiques de l’érosion hydrique, et de l’occupation des sols. La stratégie de ce travail a été basée sur une cartographie diachronique sous le logiciel ARCGIS et des calculs d’indice de l’agressivité climatique. Il ressort une augmentation du ravinement qui a été de 7 ravins/an entre 1989et 2015, un recul des berges de 7,71m /an entre 2002 et 20017, une augmentation moyenne de 4 noeuds/an entre 2002 et 2017. Une diminution de la végétation de 29% pour la période 1989-2015, une augmentation des surfaces nues et ou encroûtées de 2844 ha entre 1989 et 2015. L’érosivité des pluies à Ganguel entre 1970 et 2017 n’a pas montré une tendance claire et a été régulièrement modérée (100<RI<200). L’accroissement du ravinement a permis le développement de culture de type verger le long des chenaux. En effet la surface des vergers a connu une augmentation de 0,43% entre 2002 et 2015.
Water erosion is a major factor in the degradation of sandy environments in Niger. The aim of this study is to characterize the environmental dynamics of the Ganguel basin. Specifically, the aim is to determine the dynamics of water erosion and land use. The strategy for this work was based on diachronic mapping using ARCGIS software and climatic aggressiveness index calculations. The results show an increase in gullying of 7 gullies/year between 1989 and 2015, bank recession of 7.71m/year between 2002 and 20017, and an average increase of 4 knots/year between 2002 and 2017. A 29% decrease in vegetation for the period 1989-2015, an increase in bare and or encrusted surfaces of 2844 ha between 1989 and 2015. Rainfall erosivity at Ganguel between 1970 and 2017 showed no clear trend and was consistently moderate (100<RI<200). Increased gullying has enabled the development of orchard-type crops along the channels. Indeed, the surface area of orchards increased by 0.43% between 2002 and 2015
Vers une gouvernance environnementale transfrontalière : plaidoyer pour la ratification de la Convention ABAKIR à la lumière de l’expérience du bassin du lac Tanganyika
Get PDFCet article analyse, à travers une méthode de droit comparé, la pertinence de la ratification de la Convention relative à la gestion intégrée de la ressource en eau du bassin du lac Kivu et de la rivière Ruzizi par le Rwanda, le Burundi et la République Démocratique du Congo. En l’absence de tout cadre juridique international commun pour la protection environnementale de bassin transfrontalier, la Convention dite ABAKIR constitue une opportunité stratégique de gouvernance environnementale adaptée au contexte régional. En la comparant à la Convention sur la gestion durable du lac Tanganyika, déjà ratifiée et opérationnelle, l’étude met en évidence la nécessité d’une gouvernance transfrontalière structurée, institutionnalisée et dotée de mécanisme de suivi. L’article conclut que la ratification de la Convention ABAKIR permettrait de renforcer la coopération régionale, de mieux protéger les ressources naturelles partagées et de faciliter l’accès à des financements internationaux.
This article analyzes, through a legal approach, the relevance of ratification of the Convention on the Integrated Management of Water Resources of the Lake Kivu and Ruzizi River Basin by Rwanda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. In the absence of any common international legal framework for environmental protection of this transboundary basin, the so-called ABAKIR Convention represents a strategic opportunity for environmental governance adapted to the regional context. By comparing it with the Convention on the Sustainable Management of Lake Tanganyika – already ratified and operational – this study highlights the need for structured, institutionalized forms of transboundary governance with effective monitoring mechanisms. The article concludes that ratifying the ABAKIR Convention would strengthen regional cooperation, enhance the protection of shared natural resources, and facilitate access to international funding
The Mediating Role of Engagement and Culture in the Relationship Between Paternalism, Organizational Identification, and Voice Behavior
Get PDFThis study investigates the mediating effects of work engagement and organizational culture on the relationships between paternalistic leadership, organizational identification, and voice behavior among managers in Jordanian shareholding industrial companies. The research population comprises 3,612 top and middle-level managers across 239 companies, as identified through data from the Jordanian Ministry of Industry and Trade. A large enterprise is defined as having 500 or more employees. Employing a stratified random sampling technique, a minimum required sample size of 347 managers was determined. Of the 400 distributed questionnaires, 347 were returned, and 318 were deemed valid for analysis, resulting in a usable response rate of 79.5%. The study applied a quantitative research design and utilized Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) through SmartPLS software for data analysis. The results of the study revealed several significant relationships. First, paternalistic leadership was found to have a positive and direct effect on both organizational identification and voice behavior. Additionally, cultural values demonstrated a significant and positive direct influence on organizational identification as well as on voice behavior. Similarly, work engagement exhibited a positive and direct impact on organizational identification and voice behavior. Moreover, the study identified important mediating effects. Cultural values were shown to mediate the positive relationship between paternalistic leadership and organizational identification, as well as between paternalistic leadership and voice behavior. Likewise, work engagement served as a mediator in the relationship between paternalistic leadership and both organizational identification and voice behavior, reinforcing the role of engagement in strengthening leadership outcomes
Modelling Growth and Yield Components of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) and Ayoyo (Corchorus olitorius (L.)) Using Multiple Regression
Get PDFMultiple regression was employed to model the relationship between growth and yield components of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L) Moench) and ayoyo (Corchorus olitorius (L)), with the aim of generating a predictive model. Data on growth parameters and yields of okra and ayoyo crops were collected and analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics 21. Ten (10) plants were tagged in each stream, and a metre rule was used to measure their heights at two-week intervals (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks). The mean was calculated to obtain the average height per plot/experiment/stream. Data were also collected on the number of leaves per plot, leaf area index per experiment, leaf spread per experiment, and fresh and dry weight per plot. Total nitrogen content was determined using the Kjeldahl method, while phosphorus (P) levels were analyzed using the Bray-P solution method. Additionally, potassium (K) concentrations were measured using the flame photometer method. Results showed an average infiltration rate of 160.25 mm/h, suggesting that the site’s soils belong to hydrologic soil group A/B. Group A consists of sand, loamy sand, or sandy loam soil types. Group B comprises silt loam or loam with moderate infiltration rates, low runoff potential, and high infiltration rates when thoroughly wetted. Due to their moderate to high water transmission rates, these soils are suitable for drip and sprinkler irrigation systems. Notably, there is a strong positive correlation between plant height and leaf area (0.889), and between leaf area and leaf area index (0.981). This suggests that as plant height increases, so does the leaf area, and a similar positive relationship exists between leaf area and the leaf area index. Furthermore, the correlation between the number of leaves and other growth parameters such as leaf area (0.966) and leaf area index (0.988) is also strongly positive. This indicates that an increase in the number of leaves is associated with increases in both leaf area and leaf area index. These correlations, ranging from 0.582 to 0.807, indicate a high degree of association. The high R2 value suggests a strong correlation between predicted and observed yields of okra, indicating reliable predictive capability when the growth parameters of okra are provided. Similarly, for ayoyo, a model equation was developed through regression analysis, yielding an R2 value of 0.941. The yield of ayoyo can thus be predicted during cultivation, provided its growth parameters are known. Hence, this study is focused on establishing a multiple regression model for the growth and yield of okra and ayoyo under different irrigation stream systems
Ré-implantation pulpaire de doigt sans anastomose microvasculaire : à propos de trois cas
Get PDFObjectif : décrire la technique et les résultats de trois ré-implantations pulpaires sans anastomose microvasculaire réalisées dans notre service. Observations : L’amputation siégeait en zone 3 sur le médius et l’annulaire gauche chez un élève de 10 ans, et sur le médius gauche en zone 4 de DAUTEL chez un patient de 40 ans. La ré-implantation après parage et suture directe a été réalisée sur les trois doigts avec embrochage axial complémentaire chez l’enfant de 10 ans. La guérison a été obtenue au bout de 45 jours pour l’enfant et 60 jours pour l’adulte qui a presenté une infection ayant bien evolué sous antibiothérapie et soins locaux appropriés. L’appareil unguéal a été conservé de même que la sensibilité pulpaire sur les trois doigts avec des doigts fonctionnels et des patients satisfaits des résultats. Conclusion : La ré-implantation pulpaire sans anastomose microvasculaire, surtout distale a donné des résultats satisfaisants et mérite d’être tentée autant que faire se peut pour permettre d’obtenir un meilleur résultat anatomique et fonctionnel satisfaisant.
Objective: To describe the technique and results of three finger pulp re-implantations without microvascular anastomosis performed in our department. Observations: The amputation was located in zone 3 on the left medius and ring finger in a 10-year-old pupil, and on the left medius in DAUTEL zone 4 in a 40-year-old patient. Re-implantation after trimming and direct suturing was performed on all three fingers, with additional axial pinning in the 10-year-old. Healing was obtained after 45 days in the child and 60 days in the adult, who presented with an infection that progressed well under appropriate antibiotic therapy and local care. The nail apparatus was preserved, as was pulpal sensitivity on all three fingers, with functional fingers, and patients were satisfied with the results. Conclusion: Finger pulp re-implantation without microvascular anastomosis, especially distal, has produced satisfactory results and deserves to be attempted wherever possible to ensure the best possible anatomical and functional outcome
Integrated Marketing Communication Mix Elements and Adoption of a Sports Culture: The Case of Academic Staff Members of Chartered Public Universities in Nairobi City County, Kenya
Get PDFAdoption of a sports culture occurs when people make sports to be part of their lives. This study investigated the mediating role of lifestyle habits and the moderating role of socio-ecological factors in the relationship between the integrated marketing communication mix elements and adoption of a sports culture among academic staff members of chartered public universities in Nairobi City County, Kenya. The inquiry was based on the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), communication theory, Attention-Interest-Desire-Action (AIDA) model, and the diffusion of innovation theory. The realism paradigm and a descriptive survey research design were used for the study. The researchers sampled 372 academic staff members from five chartered public universities based in Nairobi City County using stratified random sampling. Binomial logistic regression was used in the data analysis since the dependent variable was categorical in nature. The study established that integrated marketing communication mix elements predicted the adoption of a sports culture, with lifestyle habits mediating and socio-ecological factors moderating the relationship between integrated marketing communication mix elements and adoption of a sports culture by the academic staff members of the identified institutions. The study recommends that managers of health-promoting sports clubs should consider the integrated marketing communication mix elements, lifestyle habits, and socio-ecological factors when designing their communication programs
Artificial Intelligence for IT Governance in Saudi Arabia: Opportunities, Challenges, and Future Directions within COBIT 2019 and ISO/IEC 38500 Frameworks
Get PDFSaudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 and the National Strategy for Data & AI have accelerated the use of artificial intelligence across public services and regulated industries, creating a need to understand how AI can support information-technology governance (ITG) through established frameworks such as COBIT 2019 and ISO/IEC 38500/38507. This study carried out a structured review of academic, industry, and policy sources published between 2008 and 2025. A total of 236 records were identified; after removing duplicates and applying clear inclusion criteria (focus on AI or ITG, relevance to Saudi Arabia, and transparent methods), 78 were included. The review process followed PRISMA principles, with quality checks rating most evidence as moderate to high. Results show that AI can strengthen ITG by improving compliance monitoring, decision-making, and delivery of benefits. Reported outcomes include stronger governance links in empirical models, national adoption intent of about 63% of firms, projected government productivity gains of up to $56 billion a year, and a case reporting reductions of 93% in monitoring costs and 92% in accident fatalities. A comparison with EU, NIST, and OECD frameworks revealed gaps in Saudi guidance but also near-term opportunities such as creating an AI risk taxonomy, adapting impact assessment templates, and setting clearer rules for incident reporting. Limitations include reliance on mixed-quality data, policy-based estimates, and limited post-deployment evidence. Overall, the findings suggest that AI can measurably enhance ITG in Saudi Arabia when supported by risk-based obligations, lifecycle controls, and board-level oversight, providing regulators and boards with practical steps for improvement
Aspects épidémiologiques des infections sur matériel d’ostéosynthèse à HIA Omar Bongo Ondimba à propos de 119 cas
Get PDFLe but de l’étude était de décrire les aspects épidémiologiques des infections du site opératoire (ISO), et leur profil bactériologique dans le service de chirurgie orthopédique de l’Hôpital d’Instruction des Armées Omar BONGO ONDIMBA. Patients et Méthode. Il s’est agi d’une étude rétrospective sur 4 années. Ont été inclus les dossiers d’infection sur matériel d’ostéosynthèse. Ont été exclus les ISO sur arthroplastie et les dossiers incomplets. Les variables étudiées étaient socio démographiques, cliniques, paracliniques, et les résultats post-thérapeutiques. Résultats. L’étude a colligé 119 cas de ISO sur 846 patients ayant bénéficié une ostéosynthèse, soit une incidence de 14,1%. La population masculine représentait 76,5% des patients, avec un ratio de 3,2. Les critères cliniques de diagnostique étaient dominés par l’écoulement permanent de la plaie opératoire (52,1%). Les prélèvements ont analysé 23 cultures polymicrobiens et 80 cultures monomicrobiens. La bactériologie était stérile chez 16 patients (13,4 %). L’étude a permis d’isoler 126 souches bactériologiques dominées par le Pseudomonas aeruginosa (28,5%) et le staphylococcus aureus (20,6%). La prise en charge thérapeutique a été médico-chirurgicale pour tous les patients. Les spécificités étaient le maintien de l’implant (31,1%), l’ablation de l’implant sur foyer stable (58%) et l’ablation de l’implant avec relai par Exofixation (10,9%). L’évolution était marquée par la disparition du syndrome infectieux et consolidation chez 92% des patients. Conclusion. La survenue d’une IMO compromet le bénéfice d’une intervention. Une surveillance épidémiologique est nécessaire afin d’éviter l’émergence des germes multi résistants. L’optimisation des moyens diagnostiques et thérapeutiques ont permis d’améliorer les résultats.
The aim of the study was to describe the epidemiological aspects of surgical site infections and their bacteriological profile in the orthopedic surgery department of the Omar BONGO ONDIMBA Army Training Hospital. Patients and Methods: This was a 4-year retrospective study. Records of infections involving osteosynthetic hardware were included. Infections related to arthroplasty and incomplete records were excluded. The variables studied were sociodemographic, clinical, and paraclinical variables, as well as post-treatment outcomes. Results: The study collected 119 cases of SSI among 846 patients who underwent osteosynthesis, representing an incidence of 14.1%. The male population represented 76.5% of patients, with a ratio of 3.2. The clinical diagnostic criteria were dominated by permanent drainage from the surgical wound (52.1%). The samples analyzed 23 polymicrobial cultures and 80 monomicrobial cultures. Bacteriology was sterile in 16 patients (13.4%). The study allowed the isolation of 126 bacteriological strains dominated by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (28.5%) and Staphylococcus aureus (20.6%). Therapeutic management was medical-surgical for all patients. The specificities were implant maintenance (31.1%), implant removal at a stable site (58%), and implant removal with relay by Exofixation (10.9%). The evolution was marked by the disappearance of the infectious syndrome and consolidation in 92% of patients. Conclusion: The occurrence of IMO compromises the benefit of surgery. Epidemiological surveillance is necessary to prevent the emergence of multi-resistant bacteria. Optimization of diagnostic and therapeutic methods has improved outcomes
Concepts and Their Semantic Analysis: The Case of „Intelligentsia“
Get PDFCognitive linguistics determines that the world is presented and reflected in our consciousness as definite structures and describes how this knowledge is verbally represented. Language is used not only for communicative purposes, but at the same time, it stores the information gathered by a definite speech community. Knowledge, experience and the results of cognition gained by a human being are presented as the so-called concepts. The object of this article is to describe one concept, which is “intelligentsia.” The method applied in the study is that of “the semic analysis” that dissects the meaning of a word or text into fundamental components of meaning called semes. There has been applied contextualization as a type of semiotic analysis, when the meaning of a concept can change depending on the context in which the sign appears. The cognitive approach used in the study assigns a special role to the human factor in the process of perception of the concepts. The article is the first and general part of the semantic research on the term “intelligentsia”. The results of the study show the main and often mutually exclusive characteristics of the concept “intelligentsia” and the completely different contexts of its application. In modern Georgian society, this term has acquired more negative implications (or peripheral or core semes) when used by politicians and has been used mainly as a positive concept when used by non-politicians. This concept represents some basic humane features of a human being and should be widely applied by modern societies. As for future research, the evolution of "intelligentsia" in modern societies, considering the impact of globalization, digital media, and shifting academic and cultural paradigms, is of interest