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Les hernies étranglées de la paroi abdominale chez l’enfant dans le service de chirurgie pédiatrique du Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire Sylvanus Olympio de Lomé (Togo)
Get PDFIntroduction : les hernies de la paroi abdominale sont des pathologies bien connus, leur étranglement constitue un problème majeur pour la prise en charge chirurgicale chez l’enfant. Elles regroupent la hernie ombilicale, la hernie inguinale, la hernie inguino-scrotale et la hernie de la ligne blanche. Méthodologie : Il s’agissait d’une étude descriptive transversale a collecte de donnée ambidirectionnelle sur une période de 07 ans allant de 01 janvier 2018 au 31 décembre 2024. Ont été inclus tous les patients admis et opérées pour une hernie étranglée de la paroi abdominale. Les paramètres étudiés étaient épidémiologiques, cliniques et thérapeutiques. Résultats : les hernies étranglées de la paroi abdominale représentaient 8,5% de toutes les urgences chirurgicales abdominales. L’âge moyen était de 6,1+/- 4 ans. La notion d’engouement à était retrouvé dans 92,9% des patients. Le délai de consultation avait dépassé 6h dans 85,7% des cas. Il s’agissait d’une hernie ombilicale dans 57,1% et inguino-scrotale dans 25% des cas. Le signe physique le plus retrouvé était la tuméfaction ombilicale dans 57,1% des cas. L’abord ombilical inférieur était le plus pratiqué (46,4%) suivi de l’abord inguinal (42,8%). Le collet de la hernie ombilicale était inférieur à 1 cm (28,6%). Le grêle était l’organe le plus retrouvé dans le sac herniaire (50%). L’aspect du contenu du sac était nécrosé (21,4%). La cure de la hernie sans plastie était le geste chirurgical le plus réalisé (53,6%) et la fermeture du canal peritonéo-vaginal (21,64%). La réductibilité de la hernie était la difficulté per opératoire la plus rencontrée (57,1%). Conclusion : les hernies étranglées de la paroi abdominale constituent un motif de consultation fréquent. Leur prise en charge est bien codifiée.
Introduction: Hernias of the abdominal wall are well-known pathologies, and their strangulation is a major problem for surgical management in children. They include umbilical hernia, inguinal hernia, inguino-scrotal hernia and linea alba hernia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study with ambidirectional data collection over a 07-year period from January 01, 2018 to December 31, 2024. All patients admitted and operated on for a strangulated abdominal wall hernia were included. Epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic parameters were studied. Results: Strangulated abdominal wall hernias accounted for 8.5% of all abdominal surgical emergencies. The mean age was 6.1 + or - 4 years. The notion of infatuation was found in 92.9% of our patients. Consultation time exceeded 6 hours (85.7%) in cases. The most common physical sign was umbilical swelling (57.1%) in cases. Umbilical hernia was found in 57.1% of cases, followed by inguino-scrotal hernia (25%). The inferior umbilical approach was used in 46.4% of cases, followed by the inguinal approach (42.8%). The neck of the umbilical hernia was less than 1 cm (28.6%). The small intestine was the organ most frequently found in the hernia sac (50%) of cases. The contents of the sac were necrotic (21.4%). Cure of the hernia without plasty was the most common surgical procedure (53.6%), and closure of the peritoneo-vaginal canal (21.64%). Hernia reducibility was the difficulty encountered in 57.1% of cases. Conclusion: Strangulated hernias of the abdominal wall are a frequent reason for consultation. Their management is well codified
Dynamic Evolution of Electric Vehicle Trade Network between China and Europe
Get PDFChina and Europe have promoted the development of electric vehicles to reduce carbon emissions and cope with climate change. In recent years, the sales share of Chinese electric vehicle brands in the European market has increased rapidly. Europe has become the largest export market for Chinese electric vehicles. However, the European Union implemented various temporary tariffs on Chinese electric vehicle brands in 2024, which posed a major challenge to the development of electric vehicle trade between China and Europe. The paper conducts a systematic examination of overall structural characteristics, node centrality metrics, core-periphery architecture and community detection of electric vehicle trade network between China and Europe from 2018 to 2022 by using social network analysis. The results indicate a general upward trend in tighter trade groups and increased connectivity efficiency within the network, while the network density and reciprocity display some fluctuations during this period. From a structural perspective, countries holding central positions in both centrality measures and core-periphery indicators show statistically significant convergence patterns in electric vehicle trade network between China and Europe. Moreover, there has formed different communities and undergone significant composition changes in electric vehicle trade network after 2020, highlighting the strengthening of connectivity within the trade network. This study has both theoretical and practical implications. It highlights the dynamic changes in electric vehicle trade network between China and Europe, and providing practical implications for Chinese policymakers and Chinese electric vehicle manufacturers through strategic frameworks to enhance bilateral cooperation, market adaptability, and sustainable trade reciprocity with European countries
Conceptual Formation of Curvature in the Logic of Art: An Educational Mathematical Approach
Get PDFThis paper explores the conceptual formation of curvature as a unifying principle between mathematical reasoning and artistic expression. Curvature, traditionally studied within the field of differential geometry, finds a compelling counterpart in the visual language of art, manifesting in forms, lines, and symbolic representations across various artistic traditions. This interdisciplinary approach introduces readers, particularly non-specialists, to the foundational mathematical concepts underlying curvature, highlighting their intuitive and interpretive applications in visual art. By examining parabolic, sinusoidal, and exponential curves within both abstract and figurative compositions, the study bridges the epistemological gap between the analytic and the aesthetic. In doing so, it contributes to contemporary discourse in both educational and creative domains. The paper also underscores the educational value of this cross-disciplinary methodology, emphasizing its potential to enrich classroom instruction, enhance visual literacy, and support STEAM-based learning initiatives
Assessing Climatic Variability in Data Scare Region of Morocco (UpperLarbaâ Basin): Drought Periods and Exceptional Precipitation Events from 1958 to 2023
Get PDFThe southern Mediterranean region is characterized by significant climatic variability, which profoundly affects precipitation patterns, a critical water resource. This region has been experiencing atypical weather events, including extreme precipitation and extended drought periods. The aim of this study is to investigate the climatic variability over data-scarce regions. To attend to this objective, we conducted a comprehensive statistical analysis within the upperLarbaâ basin, as a case study, situated at the edge of the Eastern Rif Mountains. Our research involved a thorough analysis of daily, monthly, and annual precipitation data spanning 65 years, from 1958 to 2023. The homogeneity test revealed a disturbance in the time series from the late 1970s to the early 1980s across all six rainfall stations used. Utilizing the Moving Average and Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) model, we identified variations in rainfall amounts, demonstrating a notable trend from the southwest to the northeast of the basin. Furthermore, correlation analysis between precipitation levels and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index showed an inverse relationship, particularly evident in the northwestern section of the watershed. The Evapotranspiration Moisture Index (EMI) showed that drought lasted between 33 and 36 years, with one-third of the samples considered normal drought and two cases labeled as severe based on the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). Our findings suggest that the Pearson type III distribution is the most appropriate for estimating the return periods of extreme precipitation in Taza, whereas the Gumbel distribution is better suited for Sebt Bouklal. We recorded precipitation levels of 45 mm in Taza and 54 mm in Sebt Bouklal for a 5-year return period. For a 100-year return period, the figures increased to 88 mm in Taza and 95 mm in Sebt Bouklal
Arte Sonoro y Metaverso
Get PDFEste trabajo tiene como objetivo principal indagar críticamente en las potencialidades del arte sonoro en entornos como el metaverso, desde una perspectiva que explora las nuevas configuraciones de la esfera pública digital y su relación con el sonido. A través de una metodología de escritura ensayística no lineal, relacional y performativa, el texto propone una reflexión situada que entrelaza teoría crítica, estética, política y prácticas artísticas contemporáneas. El metaverso es abordado como un espacio emergente, rizomático y no neutral, donde el arte sonoro puede devenir en práctica crítica, expandida y multisensorial. El ensayo propone que el sonido en el metaverso no solo ambienta, sino que reconfigura la percepción, el espacio y la subjetividad, siendo un agente ontológico capaz de subvertir lógicas hegemónicas. Una posible lectura como interrogante a futuro podría ser la relectura del arte sonoro como forma de net sound art en una nueva línea de práctica que articula espacios virtuales, interacción en red y producción sonora y funciona como dispositivo político y estético. En conclusión, se sugiere que el arte sonoro, al operar en el metaverso, no solo amplía el campo de acción de la práctica artística contemporánea, sino que ofrece herramientas para repensar la esfera pública digital desde la escucha, la resistencia y la colectividad.
This work aims to critically explore the potentialities of sound art within environments such as the metaverse, adopting a perspective that investigates the new configurations of the digital public sphere and its entanglement with sound. Through a non-linear, relational, and performative essayistic methodology, the text offers a situated reflection that weaves together critical theory, aesthetics, politics, and contemporary artistic practices. The metaverse is approached as an emergent, rhizomatic, and non-neutral space, where sound art may unfold as a critical, expanded, and multisensory practice. The essay argues that sound within the metaverse does not merely serve an ambient function but actively reshapes perception, space, and subjectivity, operating as an ontological agent capable of subverting hegemonic logics. One potential line of inquiry for future exploration is the redefinition of sound art as net sound art: a practice that integrates virtual spaces, networked interaction, and sonic production, functioning simultaneously as a political and aesthetic dispositif. In conclusion, the essay suggests that sound art, when enacted within the metaverse, not only expands the scope of contemporary artistic practice but also offers conceptual and experiential tools to rethink the digital public sphere through listening, resistance, and collective experience
Multi-Level Governance and Industrial Engagement in Renewable Energy Communities: A Pre-Regulatory Study from Lombardy
Get PDFThis study investigates the early-stage development of renewable energy communities in Italy, focusing on how small and medium-sized industries in the Lombardy region perceived and responded to communication efforts before the full implementation of new regulatory frameworks and economic incentives. The research is based on data collected through a targeted survey conducted among industrial firms. The analysis explores the roles played by national and regional institutions, as well as local public authorities such as municipalities, in shaping awareness and interest in renewable energy participation. A non-parametric statistical test was used to assess the influence of different governance levels on industrial engagement. Results indicate that Local Public Authorities exert a significantly stronger influence on industrial perceptions and willingness to engage in Renewable Energy Communities (REC) than higher-level institutions. In the surveyed sample, 51% of Small and Medium-sized Industries (SMI) reported no or minimal awareness of REC, with 34% expressing no interest in participation, primarily due to limited communication and lack of familiarity. Conversely, the highest awareness levels (up to 26%) were recorded in areas where Local Public Authorities maintained proactive and trust-based communication, such as Lecco–Sondrio, suggesting that localized outreach is notably more effective than top-down regional campaigns. These findings highlight the need for coordinated, place-based governance strategies that reinforce the role of local actors in energy transition initiatives. Municipalities and similar authorities may serve as crucial intermediaries, translating national strategies into meaningful local action. By capturing industry perceptions prior to the implementation of national Renewable Energy Communities incentives, this study offers a unique and unbiased perspective on how businesses naturally engage with different levels of governance. It contributes to the broader understanding of how trust and proximity influence participation in sustainable energy systems
Evaluation des Connaissances, Attitudes et Pratiques des maraîchers face à l’utilisation des pesticides en zone urbaine au Sénégal
Get PDFL’utilisation intensive et inappropriée des pesticides par les maraîchers constitue un risque majeur pour l’environnement et la santé humaine. Cette étude évalue les connaissances, les attitudes et les pratiques des agriculteurs concernant l’utilisation des pesticides, ainsi que les facteurs sociodémographiques et économiques associés. Il est essentiel de comprendre les moteurs de l’utilisation des pesticides par les agriculteurs pour concevoir des interventions qui évitent de nuire à la production agricole et pour préserver la sécurité économique et la santé des agriculteurs ainsi que l’environnement. Cette étude est basée sur une enquête menée auprès de 235 maraîchers de la zone urbaine de Ziguinchor, dans le sud du Sénégal. L’étude a démontré que la plupart des agriculteurs ont des connaissances insuffisantes, des attitudes moins positives et des pratiques inappropriées concernant l’utilisation des pesticides. L’analyse factorielle a également montré que le sexe, l’âge, le niveau d'éducation, la formation, le statut du chef de ménage et le revenu étaient les facteurs significatifs qui influençaient positivement les connaissances actuelles. L’attitude est associée de manière significative et positive au sexe et au statut du chef de ménage, tandis que les bonnes pratiques sont liées à l’âge et au revenu. L’analyse de régression logistique ajustée a révélé que le fait d'être un homme, d’être chef de famille, d’avoir entre 36 et 45 ans, d’avoir été scolarisé, d’avoir été formé au maraîchage et d'avoir un revenu plus élevé sont plus susceptibles d'avoir une bonne connaissance de l’utilisation des pesticides. En ce qui concerne les attitudes des maraîchers à l’égard des pesticides, les résultats ont montré que les hommes et les chefs de famille étaient plus susceptibles d’avoir une attitude positive à l’égard de l’utilisation des pesticides. Enfin, en ce qui concerne les pratiques, les maraîchers âgés de 36 à 45 ans et disposant d'un revenu plus élevé étaient plus susceptibles d’appliquer de bonnes pratiques d’utilisation des pesticides. Sur la base des résultats actuels, nous avons recommandé des interventions éducatives et une formation appropriée pour les agriculteurs maraîchers afin de les sensibiliser et d'améliorer leurs connaissances, attitudes et pratiques actuelles sur l'utilisation appropriée des pesticides. Cela permettra en fin de compte de réduire les impacts négatifs de l’utilisation des pesticides sur la santé et l’environnement.
The intensive and inappropriate use of pesticides by market gardeners poses a major risk to both the environment and human health. This study assesses farmers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding pesticide use, as well as the associated sociodemographic and economic factors. Understanding the drivers for farmers’ pesticide use is essential for designing interventions that avoid harming agricultural output and safeguard farmers’ economic security and a healthy environment. It is based on a survey conducted with 235 market gardeners in the urban area of Ziguinchor in southern Senegal. The study demonstrated that most farmers have insufficient knowledge, less positive attitudes, and inappropriate practices regarding pesticide use. The factor score analysis further showed that gender, age, education level, training, household head status, and income were the significant factors positively influencing the current knowledge positively influencing knowledge. The current attitude was significantly and positively associated with gender and head of household status, while good practices are linked to age and income. The adjusted logistic regression analysis revealed that being a man and head of household, aged between 36 and 45, having attended school, being trained in market gardening, and having a higher income are more likely to have good knowledge of pesticide use. Regarding market gardeners’ attitudes to pesticides, the results showed that being male, heads of household were more likely to have a positive attitude to pesticide use. Finally, with regard to practices, market gardeners aged between 36 and 45 years with higher income were more likely to apply good pesticide use practices. Based on the current results, we recommend educational interventions and appropriate training for the market garden farmers to raise awareness and to upgrade their current knowledge, attitude and practice on the appropriate use of pesticides. This will ultimately reduce the negative impacts of pesticide use on health and the environment
Impact of Composting and Vermicomposting of Three Types of Animal Manure on the Dynamics of Macronutrients Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium
Get PDFThe management of animal manure remains a major environmental challenge, sparking growing interest in valorization methods such as composting and vermicomposting. However, the efficiency of the composting method largely depends on the type of organic substrate used. This study aims to evaluate the impact of composting methods on the final concentrations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) in three types of animal manure. Three types of animal manure (horse dung, cow dung, and poultry droppings) underwent a five-week pre-composting phase, followed by seven weeks of vermicomposting. Two earthworm species, Eudrilus eugeniae and Eisenia fetida, were used in the vermicomposting process. Soluble concentrations of N, P, and K were measured at the end of the composting and vermicomposting processes, and the impact of composting method on nutrient dynamics (N, P, and K) in the soil was assessed both before transplanting and after harvesting a lettuce crop. During composting, cow dung and poultry droppings showed similar nitrogen levels (0.3 kg N/ha), which were significantly higher than those of horse manure (0.2 kg N/ha). Poultry droppings displayed the highest phosphorus (0.18 kg P/ha) and potassium (0.25 kg K/ha) concentrations, compared to cow dung (0.12 kg P/ha, 0.1 kg K/ha) and horse manure (0.1 kg P/ha, 0.1 kg K/ha). In vermicomposting, nutrient differences between manure types were less pronounced. Nitrogen levels were higher in compost than in vermicompost for poultry droppings (0.38 kg N/ha vs. 0.33 kg N/ha), while P and K levels remained similar between the two processes for cow dung. This study highlights the differential impact of composting and vermicomposting on the nutrient content of organic amendments. Composting appears to be more effective for poultry droppings, while vermicomposting yields comparable nutrient levels for horse and cow manure. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing organic waste recycling to enhance soil fertility
Dance and social engagement in motion: An Emotional Text Mining analysis
Get PDFThis study explores the intersection between emotions, collective action and artistic expression, highlighting the role of dance as expressive language through which affective experiences are socially and politically articulated. In particular, it seeks to understand how performative art, particularly dance, is communicated and perceived as a means of political and social engagement. The research combines sociological theory with computational text analysis, adopting an Emotional Text Mining methodology implemented via T-Lab software. The analysis focuses on a corpus of 50 performance synopses produced by three Italian art collectives (De Anima Movement, Spellbound Contemporary Ballet and Compagnia Zappalà Danza) between January 1, 2023, and March 31, 2025. Using a hybrid clustering approach (Ward + K-Means), the study identifies recurrent emotional themes and symbolic patterns in artistic discourse. Semantic saturation and thematic density guided the validity of results, while statistical metrics confirmed corpus adequacy. Findings confirm that embodied artistic practices are communicated and perceived by these activists as a means of political and social mobilization. They are not viewed only as aesthetic expressions, but as emotional catalysts, capable of instigating a change, transforming individual affect into shared meaning