Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State Universit: Open Journal Systems / ივანე ჯავახიშვილის სახელობის თბილისის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტი
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The Constituent Assembly of Georgia in the Georgian Printed Media
No full textThe founding assembly left a great mark on the time perspective of the idea of progressive development of Georgia. The period of the first independent republic, which is considered the basis of the modern Georgian state, was remembered by history, primarily by the legislature - the "Founders' Assembly", both by its preparation and by its unique provision, by the work carried out by the election commission and feedback from the forces involved in the process. In spite of the economic problems and foreign political crisis in the country during this period, it was possible to hold one of the most democratic elections in the world, organized to fill the highest legislature of the country. However, this process was preceded by quite heated discussions between different groups of the society, who had different ideas about the prospects of the country's development.
This era is special for the history of Georgian journalism. In the printed editions published at that time: newspapers "Georgia", "People's Affairs", "Alion", “Unity", "Our Country", " Homeland" and the magazine "Our Nation", the idea of Georgia's independence and the resonant accents formed in connection with the activities of the founding assembly are clearly visible. We will review these trends in the wake of the journalistic thought of the famous Georgian writer Niko Lortkifanidze, who very interestingly depicted the most difficult process of instilling national consciousness and dignity in this most important period for the country
On the Incompatibility of Membership of the Constituent Assembly and Civil Servants and Immunity of Deputies
No full textThe article deals with the issues of ethics on the bases of stenographic accounts, codes of laws, and press materials of 1919- 1921. Although at that time there was no ethical code of electoral or parliamentary conduct the electoral law and norm of the Constituent Assembly regulated various ethical aspects of political behavior
Georgian Parliamentary Elections 2020 - Program Documents of Political Parties
Get PDFNowadays, the study of the problematic issue of political parties and their systems is relevant, since parties are the main instrument of politics and the formation of democracy. Due to recent political processes in Georgia, the parties have started to become more active in changing and improving the electoral process. Particularly, they are constantly involved in the discussion on several issues.Accordingly, the presented work represents a detailed study of party election programs, conducting a comparative study, explaining the influence of political processes on the program documents, presenting the dynamics of political parties' attitudes to the existing in Georgia problems, and explaining this dynamic causing factors. The work aims to determine whether there is a connection between party programs and the possibility of the party winning elections, and in case if there is, to realize its strength.The methodology of the work considers the sectoral division (environmental protection, education, women's involvement in politics, health care, foreign policy) and allows the interpretation of the obtained data
The Deputies of the Constituent Assembly who Stayed in Georgia: The First Repressions
No full textAccording to the decree of the final session (March 17, 1921) of the Constituent Assembly of Georgia, those deputies of the Constituent Assembly who were under threat of repressions, should emigrate abroad. A great majority of deputies stayed in Georgia, although it turned out that under the Soviet occupation all of them were under the threat of repressions. The article deals with the „first wave“ of the Soviet repressions of 1921, when 29 deputies were arrested; although some of them were set free later on; but this was just the beginning of the repressions.
Key words: Democratic Republic of Georgia; the Constituent Assembly of Georgia; the Soviet Repressions
Mass Demonstrations and State Violence in Georgia: Analysis of November 7, 2007, May 26, 2012 and June 20, 2019.
No full textThe article examines mass demonstrations and state violence in Georgia, in particular the analysis of the events of November 7, 2007; May 26, 2011; June 20, 2019. The topic of mass demonstrations is very relevant not only inGeorgia, but also in the world, therefore academic literature has been interested in this issue for a long time. The study draws attention to the types of mass demosntrations and the nature of violence displayed by the state. Accordingly, within the framework of the research, the three largest mass demonstrations in the recent history ofGeorgiawere taken. Based on the existing reports or documents and conducted interwiews, the purpose of the research is to understand what were the forms of public protest during the mass demosntrations of November 7, 2007; May 26, 2012; June 20, 2019 and what were the charasteristics of the state’s violence in the process of breaking up the actions.
The Leftist Populism in The Parliamentary Elections of 2016 and 2020: Electoral Slogans Against the Banking Sector
No full textPopulist narratives and discourses occupy an important place in Georgian politics. Populist narratives are most prominent during the electoral campaign. Many parties use populist rhetoric in order to gain support.The goal of the article is to analyze and identify the populist narratives and discourses which were directed against banks employed by the political parties. For this purpose, electoral campaign of Parliamentary elections of 2016 and 2020 were chosen. In the article, populism is understood as a discursive style that is a form of political expression for political actors, and is selectively used by parties with different views.Different elements of ideological discourse were employed in the narratives directed against the banking sector in the public speeches of the leaders and members of political parties. The populist "banks rob people" discourse was used against banks. Labor Party of Georgia, “Strategy Aghmashenebeli”, “Tribune”, Leftist Alliance, Solidarity Alliance employed the above mentioned narratives and discourses
Electronic Governance as a Facilitating Factor of Citizen’s Engagement in Georgia (The Case of www.ichange.gov.ge)
No full text"Public Administration Reform (PAR) in Georgia was initiated in 2015 and aims the country's democratic development and integration into the European Union (EU). Despite the establishment of corresponding legal frameworks, including the creation of the electronic petition platform www.ichange.gov.ge, there are various challenges regarding citizen participation using the electronic platform.Considering the digital opportunities, electronic mechanisms simplify citizen engagement and strengthen participation components in Georgia, where digital involvement rises before upcoming elections.Current local and international studies highlight the progress of electronic governance in Georgia (E.g., UN E-government Development Index). However, parallel to this, the low level of electronic participation points to the need for a critical evaluation of the www.ichange.gov.ge platform and similar complex analyses to guide electronic participation and citizen engagement in the ongoing democratic processes in the country.Analyzing petitions on the electronic platform, along with some criteria such as service delivery, technical electronic aspects, and citizen engagement, will determine the effectiveness of the electronic portal in facilitating citizen participation. Hence, the focus will be on the platform's functionality, its importance in overcoming challenges, and its contribution to public involvement and accountability."
For the political portrait of Ilya Nutsubidze
No full textIn the first quarter of the 20th century, the political spectrum in Georgia was filled with the Socialist-Revolutionary Party, which expressed the interests of the country's peasant population. The Georgian Socialist-Revolutionaries formed as a separate organization in 1918, when they separated from the Russian Socialist-Revolutionary Party. One of the prominent members of the party was Ilya Nutsubidze. He was a member of the Presidium of the Central Committee, and since 1920 he edited the weekly printed edition of the party - the newspaper Shroma.
Nutsubidze was imprisoned twice in 1907-1909 for his revolutionary activities. After graduating from the Tbilisi Theological Seminary, Ilya Nutsubidze entered the Economics Department of the Kyiv Commercial Institute in 1915. He was a scholarship holder of the Society for the Propagation of Literacy among Georgians but did not finish his studies and returned to his homeland after the February Revolution of 1917.
As a representative of the Social Revolutionary Party, he participated in the work of the National Congress of Georgia, where he was elected a member of the National Council. In February 1919, he became a deputy of the Constituent Assembly of Georgia on the list of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party. He was elected as the secretary of the reglementary commission and a member of the library, military, finance budget, and administrative commissions.
Ilya Nutsubidze made a speech several times at the plenary sessions of the meeting when discussing budgetary issues, but was more active when he introduced deputy questions on behalf of his parliamentary faction and demanded answers.
As an implacable oppositionist, from the socialist platform, Ilia Nutsubidze was a constant critic of the government and the ruling majority. He took an active part in the preparation of an alternative constitution for the Socialist-Revolutionary Party, which was presented to the constituent assembly in December 1920.
In 1921, when Soviet power was established in Georgia, the Social Revolutionaries split into left and right sections. The rightists, among whom was Ilya Nutsubidze, went underground and joined the resistance movement.
In March 1922, the leftists expelled Ilya Nutsubidze from the party. This circumstance and persecution by the Bolshevik regime forced Nutsubidze to go abroad.
While living abroad in France, Ilia Nutsubidze was actively involved in the political and public life of the Georgian emigrants while continuing his journalistic activities He died in Paris and was buried in Leuville in the Georgian cemetery there
Discussion on the Change of the Name of the National Council of Georgia
No full textThe paper deals with the discussion regarding the change of the name of the Natiomal Council of Georgia launched during September-October, 1918. The main ideas and arguments presented during the discussion in support or against particualr name are highlighted. The discussions did not result in agreemnt on a particular version and the one offered by the Social-Democratic Party was enrdorsed by the majority vote, as this party had the biggets fraction in the Natiomal
Council. The National Council was named as the Parliament of Georgia