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Pembuatan Minuman Soygurt dari Sari Tempe dengan menggunakan bakteri Lactobacillus plantarum
Get PDFA study has been conducted to produce soygurt that contain factor-2 isoflavone (6,7,4’- trihydroxy isoflavone), derivat of tempe milk, which was inoculated with Lactobacillus plantarum bacteria. This research consisted of three stages: first was the production of tempe, second was the production of tempe’s milk, and third was the production of soygurt. The production of tempe used single culture of Rhizopus oligosporus and mix culture of Rhizopus stolonifer, Rhizopus oryzae, Rhizopus oligosporus and Rhizopus arrhizus. Protein and lipid content from single culture tempe was 17,28% & 3,92%, whereas in mix culture tempe was 17,24% & 3,96%; in tempe milk using single culture was 3,89% & 2,78%, whereas in mix culture produced 3,79% & 2,58%. Inoculum of Lactobacillus plantarum bacteria in variation of 5%, 7,5%, 10%, 12.5% and 15% v/v in tempe milk were optimized. The measured parameter were pH and formation rate of lactic acid. The best inoculums was 5% v/v. Organoleptic test showed that the best soygurt was soygurt from tempe milk fermentated with single inoculums followed by inoculation with L.plantarum. Protein and lipid content was 3,98% and 2,70%. Thin Layer Chromatography test showed that soygurt contain factor-2 isoflavone useful as antioxidant, antihaemolitic, and antifungi
 
KARAKTERISASI RASA GURIH PADA BEBERAPA PRODUK PANGAN (Characterisation of ‘Gurih’ Taste of Several Food Products)
Get PDFThe aim of this research was to find the sensory characteristic of ‘gurih’ taste of some food models. Several steps were used to determine: (1) People perception of ‘gurih’, (2) Food ingredients which influence ‘gurih’ taste intensity, and (3) The difference between ‘gurih’ and umami taste.
From 1500, 908 questionnaires were returned with complete answer by the participants. Meat, peanut and cheese were chosen as being ‘gurih’ food by 97% of participants. They also perceived that ‘gurih’ taste present in food actually by the contribution of several food ingredients mainly protein, fat, and salt. Use of oil was preferred by 100% of the participants as a type of cooking which could build ‘gurih’ taste in food.
Based on participants choice of ‘gurih’ food, meat, peanut and cheese were used as food models. Meat model was made by using hydrolyzed vegetable protein (HVP), chicken fat, and chicken flavor (22.0 : 6.2 : 0.5), peanut model was made by using HVP, peanut oil, corn starch, and carboxy methyl cellulose (27.5 : 42.5 : 20.0 : 2.8); and cheese model was made by using skim milk, milk fat, salt, and cheese flavor (27.5 : 18.0 : 3.2 : 0.5).
Using Omission Test for each compound of food model ingredient and t-test to compare the ‘gurih’ level of meat or peanut model, it was found that omitting HVP, salt and chicken fat or peanut oil gave significant lower level of ‘gurih’ of the models than the complete one (p < 0.01). The same result was also found in cheese model, where omitting skim milk, milk fat or salt gave significant lower level of ‘gurih’ of the model than the complete one. It was also found that the omission of protein-rich ingredient (HVP or skim milk) and salt gave significantly lower level of ‘gurih’ taste than the omission of chicken fat, milk fat or peanut oil (p < 0.01).
Using the concentration which give 10% stimulus, the intensity of ‘gurih’ taste of food models (0.5% w/v for meat, 0.1% w/v for peanut, and 1% w/v for cheese) was significantly higher than umamis’ models (0.06% w/v for MSG, 0.03 : 0.17 w/v for MSG + salt, 0.03 : 0.17 : 0.11 w/v) (p < 0.01) and was the same with umamis’ models MSG + salt + oil or fat. This finding indicates that the addition of fat was importance to make ‘gurih’ taste to the both model. Meanwhile, there were no research was found that tells the influence of fat on umami taste.
In conclusion, ‘gurih’ taste could be found mainly in meat, peanut, and cheese. ‘Gurih’ taste intensity was influenced by several food ingredients. The presence of ‘gurih’ taste was easy to be recognized in food models and the addition of fat in the model make ‘gurih’ taste probably has different taste from umami
Pengaruh Kadmium terhadap Gangguan Patologik pada Ginjal Tikus Percobaan
Get PDFOnce of environmental pollution is heavy metal cadmium that causes toxic effect to the human and animal life. This research is to identify the effect of cadmium on kidney function. Cadmium was administered by adding it in drinking water. This study was performed by using four cadmium’s concentrations on drinking water which are 0 mg/L (control); 0.06 mg/L; 6.60 mg/L and 66.00 mg/L. Observation was conducted during 0 week; 2 week; 4 week; 6 week and 8 week. The failure of kidney function is indicated by accumulation of cadmium on the kidney and protein contens in the urin of Wistar rats. The result showed that the exposure of cadmium through drinking water caused pathophysiology effect in rats such as increasing of proteinuria and accumulation of cadmium in kidney. Pathological effect such as cell degeneration of kidney was also observed
PENGARUH TEGAKAN AKASIA (ACACIA NILOTICA) (L.) WILLD. EX. DEL. TERHADAP KOMPOSISI DAN KEANEKARAGAMAN TUMBUHAN BAWAH DI SAVANA BALANAN TAMAN NASIONAL BALURAN JAWA TIMUR
Get PDFThe research was done in Baluran National Park, Banyuwangi East Java in April to June 2004. The objectives of this research were : to determine of species composition, importance value of species, diversity index and evenness index, similarity index, distribution pattern of species, and species association. This research used the quadrat method. The determination of the species distribution was calculated using Poisson distribution formula and the determination of association was calculated using contingency table. The results of this research indicated that, there were 20 species of the plant belong to 8 familiy. The importance value was between 0,42-59,54, and species with high importance value is Oplismenus burmanii, Axonopus compressus, and Synedrella nudiflora. The diversity index was between 1,3329-2,5271, and evenness index was between 1,5364-1,9848. The distribution pattern of species indicated that 12 species were clumped, 6 species were reguler and 2 species were at random. The multi-plants tend to have a clumped distribution pattern, and single plant tend to have a reguler or random distribution pattern. The of association indicated that 2 species association which the highest tindex
Karakterisasi Sifat Toleransi terhadap Cekaman Kering Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogega L.) Varietas Nasional pada Tahap Perkecambahan
Get PDFThe aim of this research is to determine character for drought tolerance character prediction of peanut national variety on germination phase using PEG 6000 solution. Preliminary test using drought tolerance genotipes (US 605 and US 693), susceptible genotipe (PI 409) conducted to evaluate appropriate concentration of PEG solution as drought treatment. PEG 10% is appropriate for drought treatment. Experiment using factorial random complete design with eight national varieties, Badak, Gajah, Jerapah, Kelinci, Komodo, Macan, Panther, Singa, and PEG solution. Minimum water uptake for germination is obtained from proportion between seedling weight to seed weight with seed weight. Root length, number of lateral root and seedling dry weight (without cotyledon) are counted on seventh day after germination. Seed germinated using UKDdp method. ANOVA two way for water uptake variable, ANOVA one way for root length and number of lateral root and seedling dry weight (without cotyledon) is used to analyze data, continue with DMRT and Pearson product moment correlation between minimum water uptake for germination and root length, seedling dry weight (without cotyledon). And Spearman correlation is used between minimum water uptakes for germination with number of lateral root. The results base on this research are, drought tolerance characterization of peanut national variety could evaluate on germination phase simulated by 10% PEG 6000 solution. (2) Minimum water uptake for peanut seed germination could be use as determine character to drought (3) Base on minimum water uptake for germination, Gajah and Panther grouped as drought tolerance varieties, Macan, Jerapah, Singa and Badak as medium tolerance varieties, and Komodo and kelinci as susceptible varieties.(4) In peanut, root length, number of lateral root and seedling dry weight (without cotyledon) can not be use as determine character to drought on germination phase
Peranan Auksin dalam Usaha Menekan Kelayuan Buah Muda Kakao (Theobroma Kakao L.)
Get PDFIn the cocoa tree, the genes for producing an abscission zone are in pedicles. The process is hormonally driven by ethylene whilst auxins apparently decrease the sensitivity to ethylene. When the level of auxin declones, a special layer of cells (the abscission layer) is formed at the base of petiole or fruit stalk. Ethylene stimulates the production of enzimes that degrade the middle lamella beetween cells in the abscission zone. The concept development so far is correct that should be possible to delay abscission by aplication of sinthetic auxins. Aplication of compound enhance levels of auxins or decrease absicic acid and /or ethylene. Such conditions may inhibit young fruit abscission and promote fruit development
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PENGGUNAAN AIR BERSIH DAN TINDAKAN PENCEGAHAN DIARE DENGAN DIARE PADA BALITA DI KELURAHAN KEBON BAWANG TANJUNG PRIOK
Get PDFThis research was made for knowing if there’s of the use of relation between The Use of Fresh Water and The Prevention of Diare Treatment Disease With Diare of babies and children (Balita) in sub district Kebon Bawang of Tanjung Priok. This research use descriptive method and correlation approach conducted of many mothers in sub district of Tanjung Priok Jakarta Utara with 13.687 people of research population 162 samples of people or 1,2 % of population taken with purposive random sampling technique. The results of the first hypothesis showed that there is a positive relation and significant between The Use of Fresh Water with Diare on babies and children in sub district of Tanjung Priok with truth of examination. The result of the second hypothesis showed there is a positive relation and significant between The Prevention of Diare Treatment Disease with Diare on babies and children (Balita) in sub district of Tanjung Priok with truth of examination. The result of third hypothesis showed that there is a positive relation and significant between The Use of Fresh Water and The Prevention of Diare Treatment Disease with Diare a long with the babies and children (Balita) in sub district of Tanjung Priok with the truth of examination. The conclusion of this research is the positive relation and significant between The Use of Fresh Water with Diare of babies and children (Balita), between The Prevention of Diare Treatment Disease and between The Use of Fresh Water and The Prevention of Diare Treatment Disease with Diare a long with the babies and children (Balita) in sub district of Tanjung Priok North Jakarta.
 
Pertumbuhan Awal Ayam Merawang yang Dipelihara bersama Ayam Broiler
Get PDFKampong chickens have a lot of varieties spreading out all over Indonesia, and becoming everybody’s favourites, however, it has low productivity. Meanwhile, broiler chickens who have high productivity has certain level of immunity to a desease. Chickens have a nature of immitation. From this, a research has been developed to increase the productivity of kampong chickens in term of the increase of their body weigh by comparison of M7B3 (kampong chickens 7 and broiler 3), M5B5 (kampong 5 and broiler 5), M3B7 (kampong 3 and broiler 7) and kampong control M10, and broiler control B10. From this mixture, we can see their eating behavior that has on impact upon the kampong chickens’body weight from those that are DOC to those that are 6 weeks. Infact, this mixture does not make their growth (the increase of their weight) defferent. However, M3B7 shows good combination and the increase of their weight on the part of kampong chickens on average. This result may be caused by the narrow combination of the mixture. Heig mortality is experienced by the broiler chickens when they attacked by Berak Kapur desease. This proves that Kampong chickens’ immunity is better than that of broiler chickens.
 
KAJIAN SIFAT FISIK, KIMIA DAN FISIOLOGI TERHADAP BEBERAPA TINGKAT KEMATANGAN BUAH RAMBUTAN VARIETAS SI MACAN DI KABUPATEN GUNUNG KIDUL YOGYAKARTA
Get PDFThe aim of this research was to determine theee effect of physical, chemical and physiological characteristic of several stages maturity of rambutan cultivar Simacan in Wonosari, Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. This experimental research was conducted from March to May 2004 used a single factorial Randomized Complete Design (RCD), consisted of six levels, i.e.: A (Rambutan fruit with red stages of maturity), B (Rambutan fruit with yellowness red stages of maturity), C (Rambutan fruit with yellow stages of maturity), D (Rambutan fruit with greennes yellow stages of maturity), E (Rambutan fruit with green stages of maturity). The treatment was done in three replications. The research result showed that (i) According to the physical characteristics (weight of whole fruit, fruit flesh and flesh thickness), rambutan in red stages of maturity (84,340%), the highest sugar content was in the red stages of maturity (86,20%), the highest vitamin C content was in the red stages of maturity (29,151%) and the highest total solution soluble was in the yellow stages of maturity (15,104%) (iii). According to the physiological characteristics, the highest respiration rate was in the greenness yellow fruits stage of maturity ( 0,0495%). Based on the research, it is better for farmers to harvest rambutan Simacan once they are in red stage. In this stage the rambutan will have its highest sugar, and vitamin C contents
SUATU STUDI TENTANG UJI HIDUP DIPERCEPAT TEGANGANBERTINGKAT: PERKEMBANGAN MUTAKHIR
Get PDFThis paper is reviewing the development of life testing data analysis of lie testing conducted in normal stress condition; stronger than normal stress (or constant stress accelerated life testing); and step stress accelerated life testing. It used exponential life test distribution model, log-normal accelerated model and tempered failure rate step stress model. It is completed by describing several problem for the future research