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Non-Living Natural Resources of the Arctic and Their Use
Get PDFThe Arctic is rich in natural resources: living and non-living, renewable and non-renewable. Human life and prosperity in the Arctic is dependent on the use of these resources, be it for sustenance consumption, export, or trade for other goods. Use of natural resources will always have some effects on the environment. Use of a non-renewable resource is fundamentally unsustainable because the resource will eventually be depleted. In order to be sustainable, the use of a renewable resource must harvest less than what is added through growth or recycling. The natural resources of the Arctic and their use will be discussed in this module as well as in Modules 10 and 11. In this module, we will explore non-living resources—water, oil and gas, and minerals—and their use
Extraction of auroral oval boundaries from UVI images: A new FLICM clustering-based method and its evaluation
Get PDFBased on the fuzzy local information c-means (FLICM) clustering algorithm, a new method is developed for extracting the equatorward and poleward boundaries of the auroral oval from images acquired by the Ultraviolet Imager (UVI) aboard the POLAR satellite. First, the method iteratively segments the UVI image with the FLICM clustering algorithm, according to an integrity criterion for the segmented auroral oval. Then, possible gaps in the extracted auroral oval are filled, based on prior knowledge of its shape. To evaluate the method objectively, the extracted boundaries are compared with the precipitating electron boundaries determined from DMSP satellite precipitation particle data. The evaluation results demonstrate that the proposed method generates more accurate auroral boundaries than traditional methods
Progress of Chinese research in Arctic physical oceanography during 2007-2010
Get PDFAs a part of the National Report of China for the International Association for Physical Science of Ocean (IAPSO), the main research results of Chinese scientists in Arctic physical oceanography during 2007-2010 are reviewed in this paper. This period overlaps with the International Polar Year (IPY), which is a catalyst for nations to emphasize activities and research in the polar regions. The Arctic also experienced a rapid change in sea ice, ocean, and climate during this time. China launched two Arctic cruises with the R/V XUE LONG icebreaker, in 2008 and 2010, which provided more opportunities for Chinese scientists to investigate the Arctic Ocean and its change. During this period, Chinese scientists participated in more than ten other cruises with international collaborations. The main research covered in this paper includes the upper ocean characteristic, ocean and sea ice optics, kinematics of sea ice and the Arctic impact on global climate change. The progress in sea ice optics, the observation technologies and Arctic Oscillation are especially remarkable
Polar Data Catalogue
No full textThe Polar Data Catalogue (PDC) is an online database of metadata hosted by The Canadian Cryospheric Information Network (CCIN)that describes, indexes and provides access points to diverse data sets generated by Arctic and Antarctic researchers. The records are in an international format (FGDC) to allow exchange among databases, and they cover a wide range of disciplines, from natural sciences to policy to health and social sciences
Status of Implementation of the AMSA 2009 Report Recommendations, 2011
Get PDFThe Arctic Marine Shipping Assessment (AMSA) Report was completed and approved by Arctic Council Ministers at their meeting in Tromso, Norway in April 2009. The AMSA Report examines Arctic shipping from historical, legal, environmental, infrastructure and other perspectives and provides 17 recommendations to promote safety and environmental awareness of current and future Arctic shipping activity. This progress report on the status of the implementation of the AMSA report's 17 recommendations is intended to acknowledge the successes and significajnt progress in several areas and, at the same time, draw attention to areas and recommendations where progress is limited and more work may be needed
Humanity, communities, Minds, Perceptions and Knowledge on Ice
No full textDr. Anil V. Kulkarni, Indian Institute of Science / Divecha Center for Climate Change and Centre for Atmospheric & Oceanic Sciences, India, talks here in the NRF 6th open assembly in Hveragerði, Iceland, in September of 2011.
The sessions name is Humanity, communities, Minds, Perceptions and Knowledge on Ice.
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Local effects of cryospheric change on agriculture and pasture in Nepal Trans Himalaya.
No full textYoung researcher Keshav Prasad Paudel, University of Bergen, Norway / Nepal, talks here in the NRF 6th open assembly in Hveragerði, Iceland, in September of 2011.
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Greenland's state-building in a changing Arctic: climate, energy and geopolitics.
No full textYoung researcher Damien Degeorges, Paris Descartes University, France, talks here in the NRF 6th open assembly in Hveragerði, Iceland, in September of 2011.
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Closing remarks
No full textDr. LAssi Heninen, chair of NRF, talks here in the NRF 6th open assembly in Hveragerði, Iceland, in September of 2011.
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Dr. Anil Kulkarni on Implications of Ice Melt
No full textDr. Anil Kulkarni, Indian institute of Science, speaks at the NRF 6th open Assembly in Hveragerði, Iceland. September 2011