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Estimation of ice resistance and sensitivity analysis for an icebreaker
Get PDFThe Lindqvist method is adopted to estimate the ice resistance for an icebreaker. The accuracy of the method is evaluated in a comparison of the calculated results with model test results. In addition to the estimation of ice resistance, a sensitivity analysis based on the Lindqvist method is carried out. A full parametric model developed using CAESES software allows the convenient construction of many new hull lines. The primary factors relevant to ice resistance are embedded as design parameters in the full parametric model. Meanwhile, response surface methodology is adopted to give better insight into new hull lines. Results show that the ice resistance is more sensitive to the rake angle and waterline entrance angle. The aim of the present study is to improve the techniques of designing the hull forms of icebreakers
Business Finance in the Arctic - Analysis of access to finance for SMEs and start-ups in the Arctic region - Final Report
Get PDFThe study of ice shelf-ocean interaction—techniques and recent results
Get PDFAlthough the importance to global oceanography of ice shelf-ocean interactions has been recognized for many years, only more recently has its role in the control of ice flow from the interior, grounded ice sheet into the ocean been more clearly understood. The consequences for global sea level of increasing ice loss from the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets has prompted rapidly growing research efforts in this area. Here we describe the different techniques commonly employed in the field study of ice shelf-ocean interactions. We focus on techniques used by the British Antarctic Survey, primarily on Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf, and describe some recent results from instruments deployed both beneath the ice shelf and on its upper surface, which demonstrate variability at a broad range of time scales
Progress in Chinese Antarctic geodetic remote sensing
Get PDFThis paper summarizes the progress of the Chinese Antarctic expedition in geodetic remote sensing. It describes the systems for continuous satellite navigation and positioning, and the tide gauges that have been established at the Zhongshan and Great Wall stations in Antarctica. Advances in the investigation of plate motion, the gravity field, and sea level change as well as the application of GPS in atmospheric studies are reported. Details of the movements of ice sheets and glaciers, distributions of blue ice and ice crevasses, and mass balance studies based on remote sensing techniques are presented. The use of field, satellite, and photogrammetric data to produce topographic maps is described. Finally, the prospects for further Antarctic surveying and mapping are discussed. In the near future, we will establish a high-precision geodetic datum in the Chinese Antarctic expedition areas, monitor changes of Antarctic snow and ice, and develop a platform for sharing Antarctic resource and environment information
Meteorological observations and weather forecasting services of the CHINARE
Get PDFBy 2018, China had conducted 34 scientific explorations in Antarctica spearheaded by the Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition (CHINARE). Since the first CHINARE over 30 years ago, considerable work has been undertaken to promote the development of techniques for the observation of surface and upper-air meteorological elements, and satellite image and data reception systems at Chinese Antarctic stations and onboard Chinese icebreakers have played critical roles in this endeavor. The upgrade of in situ and remote sensing measurement methods and the improvement of weather forecasting skill have enabled forecasters to achieve reliable on-site weather forecasting for the CHINARE. Nowadays, the routing of icebreakers, navigation of aircraft, and activities at Chinese Antarctic stations all benefit from the accurate weather forecasting service. In this paper, a review of the conventional meteorological measurement and operational weather forecasting services of the CHINARE is presented
Arctic Research and Innovation - Understanding the changes, responding to the challenges
Get PDFThis booklet outlines key aspects of ongoing EU-funded Arctic research and innovation. Climate change is the main cause of Arctic changes, and therefore the investigation on its mechanisms, its consequences and its evolution is the main subject of Arctic research. The Arctic, despite being home to only about 4 million people – a fraction of the world population of 7.6 billion – is the canary in the mine of climate change. The Arctic is warming because of greenhouse gas emissions generated by human activities mainly elsewhere and at a much faster rate than in other parts of the planet because of a phenomenon known as ‘Arctic amplification
Glacier systems response on climate change by the definite climatic scenario: northeast Russia
Get PDFIn previous papers, we have presented a method for the assessment of the evolution of mountain glacier systems, in which various climate scenarios were used to study the response of glacier systems to climate change. The aim of this study is to assess the evolution of northeastern Russia glacier systems using output from the A-31 climate scenario, and to compare the responses of the different mountain glacier systems to the scenario. We used temperature and precipitation output from the A-31 scenario to assess future evolution of the glacier systems in the Chukchi and Kolyma highlands (for the projection period of 2011–2030), and the Orulgan, Suntar-Khayata, and Chersky ranges (for the projection period of 2041–2060). The paper provides a brief description of the general method that was used and more details on the data and methods used for each glacier system. Responses of glacier systems were analyzed on the basis of four parameters: mean glacier area, system mean altitudinal range, changes in equilibrium line altitude, and glacier area by the end of the projection period. The relationships between the factors received support an applicability of the A-31 scenario to the study of glacier system evolution
SHRIMP U-Pb zircon geochronology of granites from Sansom Island, Prydz Bay, East Antarctica
Get PDFSansom Island consists of two low nunataks in Sandefjord Bay, a marginal gulf of Prydz Bay, East Antarctica. These nunataks are composed of two kinds of undeformed biotite granites, and these granites have been dated by ion-microprobe U-Pb zircon geochronology. The zircons from these two samples yield SHRIMP zircon U-Pb concordant ages of 516±5 Ma and 495.8±4.2 Ma, respectively. The results indicate that these granites were emplaced in two pulses in the Cambrian, and further demonstrates the Pan-African event that has overprinted this area. The age of ca. 516 Ma suggests that the undeformed Sansom Island Granite had a different geological history from the Landing Bluff Granite, which contains deformed granite xenoliths dated at ca. 503 Ma, and probably indicates regional variations in the age and intensity of deformation