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Incidence of Road Traffic Injury and Associated Factors among Patients Visiting the Emergency Department of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Teaching Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
No full textBackground. Road traffic injuries are a major public health issue. The problem is increasing in Africa. Objective. To assess the incidence of road traffic injury and associated factors among patients visiting the emergency department of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Teaching Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods. Institutional based cross-sectional study design was conducted. A total of 356 systematically selected study subjects were included in the study. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to identify associated factors with road traffic injury. Odds ratios with 95% confidence interval were computed to determine the level of significance. Results. The incidence of road traffic injury in the emergency department of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Teaching Hospital was 36.8%. Being a farmer (AOR = 3.3; 95% CI = 1.06-10.13), conflict with family members (AOR = 7.7; 95% CI = 3.49-8.84), financial problem (AOR = 9.91; 95% CI = 4.79-6.48), psychological problem (AOR = 17.58; 95% CI = 7.70-12.14), and alcohol use (AOR = 2.98; 95% CI = 1.61-5.27) were independently associated with road traffic injury. Conclusion and Recommendation. In this study the incidence of road traffic injury was high. Alcohol is one of the most significant factors associated with Road Traffic Injury. Thus urgent education on the effect of alcohol is recommended
A Service of zbw Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre for Economics Social Influences towards Conformism in Economic Experiments
No full textStandard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in EconStor may Social Influences towards Conformism in Economic Experiments Shaun P. Hargreaves Heap Abstract This paper reviews some of the economic experimental evidence on conformism. There is nothing to match the early psychology experiments where subjects were often swayed by the behaviour of others to an extraordinary degree, but there is plenty of evidence of conformism. This seems builtin to our sociality either because we have preferences for conversation or status which are activated by the knowledge of what others do, or because other people face relevantly similar decisions to our own and so that their behaviour signals something useful to us about the uncertain world. These social influences can cause mischief. The more worrying cases, however, are those where individual preferences themselves change through interaction with others: the strongest experimental evidence for this is with respect to individual social preferences
A Model for Heat and Mass Input Control in GMAW Steady-state model is developed to help control weld reinforcement and heat input in gas metal arc welding
No full textABSTRACT. This work describes derivation of a control model for electrode melting and heat and mass transfer from the electrode to the workpiece in gas metal arc welding (GMAW). Specifically, a model is developed which allows electrode speed and welding speed to be calculated for given values of voltage and torch-to-base metal distance, as a function of the desired heat and mass input to the weldment. Heat input is given on a per unit weld length basis, and mass input is given in terms of transverse cross-sectional area added to the weld bead (termed reinforcement). The relationship to prior work is discussed. The model was demonstrated using a computer-controlled welding machine and a proportional-integral (PI) controller receiving input from a digital filter. The difference between model-calculated welding current and measured current is used as controller feedback. The model is calibrated for use with carbon steel welding wire and base plate with Ar-C0 2 shielding gas. Although the system is intended for application during spray transfer of molten metal from the electrode to the weld pool, satisfactory performance is also achieved during globular and streaming transfer. Data are presented showing steady-state and transient performance, as well as resistance to external disturbances. H. B. SMARTT and C. J. EINERSON are wit
Jornal de Pediatria The preceptor in pediatric residency programs: main attributes
No full textAbstract Objective: to analyze the profile of preceptors and the attributes they consider important for the exercise of that activity in two pediatric residency programs in Rio de Janeiro. Methods: a questionnaire answered by the preceptors of two pediatric residency programs in Rio de Janeiro (one of them a university hospital) was used to collect information on gender, age, time since graduation, time working as preceptors, academic degrees, specific training in teaching, and on the attributes (up to five) that they believed a good preceptor should have. Results: of the 90 participants, 70% were women; 74% were between 30 and 49 years of age; 87% had graduated between 10 and 29 years earlier. Half reported that they did not have any specific training in teaching. The other half had attended courses on medical pedagogy and special didactics as part of their graduate studies. The most frequently cited attributes were: mentorship, focus on ethics and humanism, command of the field, ability to continue learning, and didactic skills. Conclusion: the preceptors interviewed underscored the challenges of preceptorship, an activity based on the practice of medicine and guided by professional responsibility, human relationships, organizational skills, assessment skills, and command of the field, in addition to ethical and humanistic principles and ability to continue learning. They felt, however, the need for further didactic training
THE METABOLISM OF a-AMI NOBENZO(bJTHIOPHENE3- PROPIONIC ACID (THE SULFUR ANALOG OF TRYPTOPHAN) IN THE RAT
No full textABSTRACT The biotransformation of 3H-Iabeled a-aminobenzo[b]thiophene-3-propionic acid (th
Continuous Quantitative Motor Evoked Potentials for Spinal Cord Injury Detection
No full textAbstract -Motor evoked potential (MEP) monitoring is a complementary approach to directly monitor the integrity of the motor pathway and is another modality designed to ensure the integrity of the spinal cord during surgery. However, conventional interpretation of MEP signal based on amplitude and latency tracking is subjective and not always accurate, and usually a significant learning curve has been demonstrated. Hence, we proposed a quantitative time frequency analysis method, Window Energy Index, for monitoring spinal cord surgery. The preliminary results suggest the proposed analysis has better sensitivity than conventional amplitude analysis
