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The effect of power distribution privatization on electricity prices in Turkey: Has liberalization served the purpose?
No full textPrivatization in electricity distribution has not reduced the retail prices in transition period in Turkey. Changes in retail prices do not harmonize with those in wholesale prices in the electricity market. The cost reflectiveness of the pricing system in the market is questionable. The market does not seem to be ready yet for the automatic pricing mechanism. The increase in distribution tariffs is not compatible with the targets of the liberalization program adopted for the Turkish electricity market. a r t i c l e i n f o b s t r a c t Various electricity reforms have been adopted by a number of countries within the last 2 decades. Turkey, as one of those countries, has restructured its electricity market and intensively privatized the distribution companies. As one of the main targets of the liberalization efforts in the sector was announced to be reduced consumer prices, it is a matter of interest to look at the related developments after privatizations. Hence, this study attempts to explore the impact of power distribution privatization in Turkey on the national end-user electricity prices. Results of the analysis suggest that privatization of electricity distribution companies has not yielded the expected retail price declines within the first 4 years of the program. Whereas wholesale tariffs exhibit a reduction in the rate of 10%, retail tariffs show an increase of 5.9% within the period in question. Besides, the unstable patterns of the two tariffs imply that the market is not yet ready for the automatic pricing mechanism planned to be implemented based on a cost-reflective methodology. Therefore, results indicate that the factors behind the unsatisfactory outcomes of the program should be explored in order for the privatization efforts in the Turkish electricity distribution market to serve the purpose
Adaptive control of a virtual mini robot with autonomous displacement using a virtual sensor system Adaptive Control of a Virtual Mini Robot with Autonomous Displacement Using a Virtual Sensor System
No full textAbstract: The paper presents the latest version of a family of optoelectronic sensors used for the control of mini robots without embarked sensors. The optoelectronic sensors are based on the concept of virtual sensor. The last section of the paper focuses on the technical solution developed for the transfer of the light source attached to the mini robot on the tracking and control equipment, using a laser directed to a reflecting sphere attached to the mini robot
Epidemiology of Plasmodium and Helminth Coinfection and Possible Reasons for Heterogeneity
No full textUnderstanding the impact of helminth infections on clinical malaria is useful for designing effective malaria control strategies. Plenty of epidemiological studies have been conducted to unravel the nature of interactions between Plasmodium and helminth infection. Careful broad summarization of the existing literature suggests that Schistosoma mansoni and hookworm infections may increase the risk of clinical malaria and associated morbidities, but Trichuris trichiura infection is not associated with the occurrence of clinical malaria and related outcomes. However, findings about effect of Ascaris lumbricoides and Schistosoma haematobium infection on clinical malaria are contradictory. Furthermore, the nature of relationship of helminth infection with severe malaria has also not been determined with certainty. This review summarizes the findings of epidemiological studies of Plasmodium and helminth coinfection, placing greater emphasis on the impact of the coinfection on malaria. Possible reasons for the heterogeneity of the findings on malaria and helminth coinfections are also discussed
Theories of Poverty to the Integrative Theory. A Comparative Analysis: Accordance to the Situation of Iraq
Get PDFAbstract: Many researchers on poverty suggest that the various ways in which poverty is perceived and measured are critical, as the various poverty measures tend to focus on one direction only, while the other factors of poverty are neglected. The main focus of this research is the review of empirical theories on poverty, poverty measures and outcomes. Later, we discuss the reasons for choosing an integrated theory to fight poverty in Iraq as needed by the Iraqi situation because of the complexity of the causes of poverty in Ira
Diagnosis of Exclusion: A Case Report of Probable Glatiramer Acetate-Induced Eosinophilic Myocarditis
Get PDFImportance. Medication-induced eosinophilia is an acknowledged, often self-limiting occurrence. Glatiramer acetate, a biologic injection used in the management of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, is widely regarded as a safe and effective medication and lists eosinophilia as an infrequent side effect in its package insert. Contrary to reports of transient, benign drug-induced eosinophilia, we describe a case of probable glatiramer acetate-induced eosinophilia that ultimately culminated in respiratory distress, shock, and eosinophilic myocarditis. Observations. A 59-year-old female was admitted to the hospital after routine outpatient labs revealed leukocytosis (43,000 cells/mm 3 ) with pronounced hypereosinophilia (63%). This patient had been using glatiramer acetate without complication for over 10 years prior to admission. Leukocytosis and hypereosinophilia persisted as a myriad of diagnostic evaluations returned negative, ultimately leading to respiratory depression, shock, and myocarditis. Glatiramer acetate was held for the first time on day 6 of the hospital stay with subsequent resolution of leukocytosis, hypereosinophilia, respiratory distress, and shock. Conclusions and Relevance. Glatiramer acetate was probably the cause of this observed hypereosinophilia and the resulting complications. Reports of glatiramer-induced eosinophilia are rare, and few case reports regarding medication-induced hypereosinophilia describe the severe systemic manifestations seen in this patient
Extending Models of Visual-Word Recognition to Semicursive Scripts: Evidence From Masked Priming in Uyghur
No full textOne basic feature of the Arabic script is its semicursive style: some letters are connected to the next, but others are not, as in the Uyghur word /ya xʃi/ ("good"). None of the current orthographic coding schemes in models of visual-word recognition, which were created for the Roman script, assign a differential role to the coding of within letter "chunks" and between letter "chunks" in words in the Arabic script. To examine how letter identity/position is coded at the earliest stages of word processing in the Arabic script, we conducted 2 masked priming lexical decision experiments in Uyghur, an agglutinative Turkic language. The target word was preceded by an identical prime, by a transposed-letter nonword prime (that either kept the ligation pattern or did not), or by a 2-letter replacement nonword prime. Transposed-letter primes were as effective as identity primes when the letter transposition in the prime kept the same ligation pattern as the target word (e.g., /inta_jin/-/itna_jin/), but not when the transposed-letter prime didn't keep the ligation pattern (e.g., /so_w_ʁa_t/-/ so_ʁw_a_t/). Furthermore, replacement-letter primes were more effective when they kept the ligation pattern of the target word than when they did not (e.g., /so_d_ a_t/-/so_w_ʁa_t/ faster than /so_ d_a_t/-/so_w_ʁa_t/). We examined how input coding schemes could be extended to deal with the intricacies of semicursive scripts
Journal of Family Nursing Sharing Heart-Related Information With Their Partner ''I Tell My Partner Everything . . . (or Not)'': Patients' Perceptions of
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Janca A. Diagnosis of male depression: does general practitioner gender play a part? Aust Fam Physician
No full textIEQGOR to Increase the Quality of Service in Wireless Sensor Network
No full textABSTRACT: The Wireless sensor network is used to monitor the temperature, humidity, Sound, pressure, etc. Work within wireless sensor networks (WSNs) Quality of service (QoS) has been isolated and specific either on certain functional layers or application scenarios. However the area of sensor network quality of service (QoS) remains largely open. In this paper we define WSNs QoS requirements within a WSNs application, and then analyzing Issues for QoS Monitoring. In this we define IEQGOR, that integrates awake/asleep schedules, MAC, routing, traffic load balancing. A promising routing scheme in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), is shifting toward duty-cycled WSNs in which sensors are sleep scheduled to reduce energy consumption