Huma Jurnal Itah UIN Palangka Raya Open Journal System (OJS)
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Legal and Cultural Practices in Child Marriage:An Ethnographic Study of the Dayak Indigenous Community: Praktik Hukum dan Budaya dalam Pernikahan Anak: Sebuah Studi Etnografi Masyarakat Adat Dayak
No full textThis article analyzes child marriage among the Dayak Bakumpai through hatamput marriage as a site of conflict between legal regimes. The central issue is the clash between Law No. 16 of 2019, which sets a minimum marriage age of 19, customary law that defines adulthood through social roles, religious law that validates marriage contracts without age limits, and international child-protection principles. This tension shows the state’s inability to monopolize definitions of valid marriage in customary settings. Using empirical (socio-legal) methods, the study examines not only written rules but also how the Dayak Bakumpai understand and practice law. Drawing on strong legal pluralism and living law theory (Ehrlich, Griffiths), it frames the Dayak Bakumpai as a legal order that produces its own norms. Marriage is thus negotiated through customary authority, religious legitimacy, and minimal administrative engagement with the state. The findings show: (1) customary law functions as a more authoritative source of substantive rules than state law; (2) kawin hatamput reflects law in action that affirms customary validity despite statutory prohibitions; (3) Law No. 16 of 2019 is weakly implemented because it is not integrated with customary institutions; (4) communities adopt manipulative compliance strategies, including delayed registration and age dispensations; and (5) these dynamics confirm strong legal pluralism, in which customary law operates not as a regulated object but as an alternative legal authority governing private life. Addressing child marriage therefore requires integrating state, customary, and religious authorities rather than relying on purely legalistic approachesInternational organizations such as UNICEF and the United Nations continue to monitor the issue of child marriage around the world. This practice is still widespread in Indonesia, especially in areas with strong traditional customs such as Central Kalimantan, where the Dayak tribe continues to uphold cultural norms that determine how ready a person is for marriage. The purpose of this study is to understand the social, cultural, and legal factors that influence the practice of child marriage in Dayak indigenous communities. In addition, this study also analyzes how customary law, religious law, and state law interact and conflict with one another. Using an ethnographic approach, this study applies descriptive qualitative methods through literature studies and interviews with Dayak indigenous institutions.
The results of the study show that Dayak culture considers a person\u27s ability to take social, economic, and moral responsibility to be more important than age. This condition often conflicts with Law No. 16 of 2019, which sets a minimum age of 19 for marriage. The dynamics of legal pluralism arise as a result of the conflict between traditional recognition and state law. Indigenous communities try to reach an agreement with both systems through compromise practices, such as performing traditional marriage ceremonies first and delaying official registration. This practice shows that customary law is still valid and obeyed by the community despite being faced with official state regulations. This study finds that resolving the issue of child marriage in Dayak indigenous communities should not only rely on the enforcement of formal law; it should also consider cultural approaches that respect local wisdom and protect children\u27s rights
Internalization of Islamic Education in the Death Gatherings in the Sungai Kapih Community of Samarinda
No full textThis research examines the role of the Rukun Death Association in internalizing Islamic education in the Sungai Kapih community, Samarinda. With a qualitative approach, data was collected through in-depth interviews with association members. The research results show that the Rukun Death tradition functions not only as a social ritual, but also as an effective educational tool in strengthening understanding and appreciation of Islamic teachings. Members who are actively involved in this activity show an increased understanding of Islamic values, such as empathy, solidarity and concern for others. In addition, this tradition helps reduce fear of death, providing a positive perspective on the natural processes of life. This research emphasizes the importance of strengthening similar traditions to support religious education in society, as well as creating communities that are more cohesive and supportive of each other in the face of loss.
Trends in PGMI Students’ Thesis Research: A Comparative Study of Islamic Higher Education in Central Java
No full textThis study explores the trends in final thesis research among PGMI (Islamic Elementary School Teacher Education) students at UIN K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan and UIN Prof. K.H. Saifuddin Zuhri Purwokerto during the period of 2017-2021. The primary aim is to analyze the chosen research approaches, focuses, and fields of study. The research employed a descriptive analysis method, utilizing data from both universities. The findings indicate that qualitative approaches dominate students’ thesis research. Most studies focus on students, although many are not directly aligned with the academic fields of madrasah ibtidaiyah. When connected to these fields, common research topics include Islamic studies, mathematics, science, thematic learning, local content, extracurricular activities, Bahasa Indonesia, social studies, and civic education. The study recommends enhancing students\u27 understanding of diverse research approaches, encouraging exploration of relevant topics in madrasah ibtidaiyah studies, and fostering stronger integration of research with scholarly fields to contribute more meaningfully to elementary education development
Penaklukan Konstantinopel: Strategi Militer Sultan Muhammad Al-Fatih (1453-1481 M)
No full textThe issues discussed in this study are: 1) how is the general description of the Ottoman Dynasty. 2) how was the military strategy of Sultan Muhammad Al-Fatih in the conquest of Constantinople. 3) how is the life history of Sultan Muhammad AlFatih. The objectives of this research are: 1) to know the general description of Constantinople. 2) to know the life history of Sultan Muhammad Al-Fatih. 3) to know the military strategy of Sultan Muhammad Al-Fatih in conquering Constantinople.
This research is a qualitative historiographic research, with the type of library research. The data sources used in this research are primary and secondary data obtained from books, journals, and other works. The method used in this research is the historical method which is divided into four stages, namely, heuristics, verification, interpretation and historiography. Meanwhile, the method used in this research is the theory of military strategy.
The results of this study show that: 1) the general description of the Ottoman Dynasty includes, geographical conditions, religious conditions, military conditions, social conditions and political conditions. 2) Sultan Muhammad Al-Fatih’s life history starts from his birth and childhood, achievements, death, personality and military policy. 3) Sultan Muhammad Al-Fatih’s military strategy used three components of military strategy when conquering Constantinople. The three components of the military strategy: First, the purpose of Sultan Muhammad Al-Fatih to conquer Constantinople. Second, the way Sultan Muhammad Al-Fatih Conquered Constantinople. And, thirdly, the means by which Sultan Muhammad Al-Fatih and his troops conquered Constantinople. Because of his unanimous goal, his unexpected way of attacking the opponent and adequate means to conquer the enemy. Because of the strength of the three components of military strategy owned by Sultan Muhammad AlFatih, then on 29 May 1453 Constantinople could be conquered by Sultan Muhammad Al-Fatih.The issues discussed in this study are: 1) how is the general description of the Ottoman Dynasty. 2) how was the military strategy of Sultan Muhammad Al-Fatih in the conquest of Constantinople. 3) how is the life history of Sultan Muhammad AlFatih. The objectives of this research are: 1) to know the general description of Constantinople. 2) to know the life history of Sultan Muhammad Al-Fatih. 3) to know the military strategy of Sultan Muhammad Al-Fatih in conquering Constantinople.
This research is a qualitative historiographic research, with the type of library research. The data sources used in this research are primary and secondary data obtained from books, journals, and other works. The method used in this research is the historical method which is divided into four stages, namely, heuristics, verification, interpretation and historiography. Meanwhile, the method used in this research is the theory of military strategy.
The results of this study show that: 1) the general description of the Ottoman Dynasty includes, geographical conditions, religious conditions, military conditions, social conditions and political conditions. 2) Sultan Muhammad Al-Fatih’s life history starts from his birth and childhood, achievements, death, personality and military policy. 3) Sultan Muhammad Al-Fatih’s military strategy used three components of military strategy when conquering Constantinople. The three components of the military strategy: First, the purpose of Sultan Muhammad Al-Fatih to conquer Constantinople. Second, the way Sultan Muhammad Al-Fatih Conquered Constantinople. And, thirdly, the means by which Sultan Muhammad Al-Fatih and his troops conquered Constantinople. Because of his unanimous goal, his unexpected way of attacking the opponent and adequate means to conquer the enemy. Because of the strength of the three components of military strategy owned by Sultan Muhammad AlFatih, then on 29 May 1453 Constantinople could be conquered by Sultan Muhammad Al-Fatih
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Topik Pengukuran Berbantuan 3D Application Scratch untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa
No full textKeterampilan berpikir kritis sangat penting dalam pelajaran fisika karena memungkinkan siswa untuk menganalisis data eksperimen dan membangun pemahaman yang mendalam tentang konsep-konsep fisika yang abstrak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yakni untuk mengembangkan media pembelajran fisika pada topik pengukuran berbasis aplikasi Scratch untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan model 4D (Define, Design, Develop, dan Disseminate). Penilaian dilakukan melalui uji kelayakan yang diisi oleh lima mahasiswa calon guru fisika. Hasil uji kelayakan produk berupa media pembelajaran dari aspek desain komunikasi visual dengan presentase 93%; aspek rekayasa perangkat lunak sebesar 91%; aspek kualitas media pembelajaran sebesar 90%; dan aspek kemampuan berpikir kritis sebesar 93%. Diperoleh skor presentase rata-rata dari seluruh aspek sebesar 91,75%. Berdasarkan hasil uji validasi tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran fisika berbasis Scratch untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa termasuk dalam kategori sangat layak, sehingga media pembelajaran sangat layak diuji atau diterapkan ke sekolah
Pengembangan E-Bio: E-Modul Pembelajaran Biologi Materi Bioteknologi Terintegrasi Nilai Keislaman
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan E-Modul bioteknologi berbasis Problem Based Learning dengan integrasi nilai keislaman. Pengembangan dilakukan menggunakan model 4D (Define, Design, Develop, dan Disseminate), penelitian ini hanya sampai pada tahap Develop (pengembangan). Uji validitas E-Modul dinilai oleh ahli materi dan ahli media, sementara uji kepraktisan diuji melalui respon siswa kelas IX SMP/MTs yang telah mempelajari materi bioteknologi. Hasil validasi menunjukkan bahwa aspek materi memperoleh skor 88,16% dan aspek media 99,65%, keduanya termasuk kategori sangat valid. Uji kepraktisan menunjukkan nilai 77,69%, menandakan E-Modul sangat praktis digunakan. Integrasi nilai keislaman berfungsi sebagai orientasi moral dan spiritual sebelum siswa memasuki aktivitas pemecahan masalah. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi praktis terhadap pengembangan bahan ajar digital pada lingkungan pendidikan, khususnya pada sekolah berbasis Islam
Karakteristikifat Kelistrikan Larutan Elektrolit dari Sari Buah Lemon dan Sari Buah Nanas untuk Aplikasi Biobaterai
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji potensi larutan sari buah nanas (Ananas comosus) dan lemon (Citrus limon) sebagai sumber energi listrik alternatif ramah lingkungan untuk aplikasi biobaterai. Biobaterai merupakan sumber energi terbarukan yang menghasilkan listrik melalui perpindahan elektron pada media elektrolit yang dihubungkan dengan dua elektroda, yaitu anoda dan katoda. Pada penelitian ini digunakan elektroda tembaga (Cu) sebagai katoda dan seng (Zn) sebagai anoda, dengan larutan elektrolit berupa sari buah nanas dan lemon dalam variasi volume 200, 300, dan 400 mL. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan volume larutan berbanding lurus dengan kenaikan tegangan, arus, dan daya. Penelitian juga dilakukan dengan variasi perbandingan komposisi campuran nanas:lemon (0%:100%, 25%:75%, 50%:50%, 75%:25%, dan 100%:0%) pada volume total 400 mL. Komposisi 25% nanas dan 75% lemon menghasilkan performa yang lebih baik, yaitu tegangan maksimum 3,99 V, arus 1,56 mA, dan daya 6,22 mW. Uji beban menggunakan lampu LED merah selama 1 jam serta pengamatan performa elektrolit selama 21 hari menunjukkan penurunan kinerja seiring waktu akibat penurunan konduktivitas, pembentukan endapan, dan berkurangnya gradien potensial. Meskipun demikian, biobaterai tetap mampu menyalakan LED hingga hari ke-21. Hasil ini membuktikan bahwa sari buah nanas dan lemon berpotensi sebagai elektrolit biobaterai ramah lingkungan, yang dapat menjadi sumber energi alternatif yang murah dan ramah lingkungan untuk aplikasi berdaya rendah. Dengan kemampuannya untuk menghasilkan energi listrik secara berkelanjutan dan terjangkau, teknologi ini memiliki implikasi besar dalam pengembangan sistem energi terbarukan, terutama untuk aplikasi elektronik kecil dan perangkat yang membutuhkan daya rendah
ANALISIS PERBEDAAN PERLAKUAN ZAKAT DALAM PAJAK (STUDI KOMPARATIF INDONESIA DAN MALAYSIA)
No full textZakat and taxes are two very important things in the socio-economic life of society. Zakat is a form of worship that emphasizes the integration between divine aspects and the socio-economic life of society. However, the low awareness of muzaki to pay zakat is one of the reasons for the low national zakat fundraising. In the context of Indonesia and Malaysia, there are differences in the treatment of zakat in taxes. Therefore, this study will analyze differences in the treatment of zakat in taxes between Indonesia and Malaysia. This research uses a comparative study method between Indonesia and Malaysia in the treatment of zakat in tax to provide a clear picture of the differences in the treatment of zakat in tax in Indonesia and Malaysia. The results of the study state that the distribution of zakat in Indonesia and Malaysia, can be used as an income tax deduction with the requirement of a large amount through a recipient agency/institution authorized by the government. Government Regulation (PP) No. 60 of 2010 concerning Zakat or Religious Contributions of a Mandatory Nature that can be Deducted from Gross Income with good coordination between the zakat authority and the tax authority can increase the help of zakat payers (muzakki) and taxpayers so that it is expected that tax and zakat revenues will increase. Some differences in the treatment of zakat in tax in Indonesia there is a collection and distribution of zakat is governed by one body, while in Malaysia the body of collection and distribution of zakat in different responsibilities. The factors that influence the awareness of muzakki to pay zakat include knowledge about zakat, religious factors, social factors, economic factors, regulatory factors, zakat management factors, education factors, environmental factors, perception factors, compliance factors, and service factors. The government and zakat management institutions must pay attention to these factors to increase the awareness of muzakki to pay zakat and the collection of national zakat funds.Zakat dan pajak merupakan dua hal yang sangat penting dalam kehidupan sosial ekonomi masyarakat. Zakat merupakan salah satu bentuk ibadah yang sangat menonjolkan kepaduan antara aspek Ilahiah dan kehidupan sosial ekonomi masyarakat. Namun rendahnya kesadaran muzaki untuk membayar zakat menjadi salah satu penyebab rendahnya penghimpunan dana zakat nasional.Dalam konteks Indonesia dan Malaysia, terdapat perbedaan dalam perlakuan zakat dalam pajak. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini akan menganalisis perbedaan perlakuan zakat dalam pajak antara Indonesia dan Malaysia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran yang jelas mengenai perbedaan perlakuan zakat dalam pajak di kedua negara tersebut. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga diharapkan dapat memberikan manfaat bagi pemerintah dan masyarakat dalam meningkatkan kesadaran akan pentingnya zakat dalam kehidupan sosial ekonomi masyarakat serta meningkatkan penghimpunan dana zakat nasional.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi komparatif antara Indonesia dan Malaysia dalam perlakuan zakat dalam pajak. Dengan menggunakan metode studi komparatif, penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan gambaran yang jelas mengenai perbedaan perlakuan zakat dalam pajak di Indonesia dan Malaysia
Enhancing Arabic Vocabulary Mastery through Kahoot: Evidence from Elementary Madrasah Students
No full textPrevious studies on technology-enhanced Arabic language learning have predominantly focused on general applications or higher education levels, leaving a significant gap regarding interactive, game-based tools for vocabulary acquisition at the primary Islamic school (Madrasah Ibtidaiyah/MI) level. This study investigates the effectiveness of interactive, game-based digital media, specifically Kahoot!, in developing Arabic vocabulary among fifth-grade students at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. Addressing the identified gap, the research employs a quantitative approach, utilizing pre-test and post-test measurements. The results demonstrate a significant increase in learning outcomes, with the average score rising from 30.90 (pre-test) to 80.00 (post-test). Statistical analysis (t-test, t-value = 11.260 > t-table 1.721, df=21) confirms that the use of Kahoot! positively and significantly enhances students\u27 Arabic vocabulary mastery. The findings indicate that this method successfully boosts student enthusiasm and active participation. Consequently, Kahoot! is recommended as an effective and innovative alternative medium for Arabic vocabulary learning at the primary Islamic school level
Examining the impact of digital storytelling and video-assisted instruction on speaking performance across self-regulated learning levels in an ESP context
No full textRecent advances in technology-enhanced language learning (TELL) emphasize innovative methods to improve speaking skills in English for specific purposes (ESP) classes, particularly for Law students. However, research comparing the effectiveness of digital storytelling (DST) and video-assisted instruction (VAI) in developing speaking performance remains limited, particularly in relation to students\u27 self-regulated learning (SRL) levels. This study explores the impact of DST and VAI on speaking performance across SRL levels through a quasi-experimental research design. A total of 48 undergraduate ESP students majoring in Law at a private university in Indonesia were categorized into higher and lower self-regulation groups. The data were collected through an SRL questionnaire and speaking tests and analyzed using two-way ANOVA and independent samples t-tests. The results revealed that students in the DST group significantly outperformed those in the VAI group (Sig. = 0.009). However, no significant interaction effect was found between SRL, instructional approach, and speaking proficiency. The finding implies that DST enhances speaking proficiency by combining structured oral production with creative narrative development, requiring students to rehearse, refine, and integrate linguistic elements in an authentic context. EFL teachers should integrate DST in their classes to improve communication skills in professional and academic settings