Portal Jurnal Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA)
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Land Bank Governance and Agrarian Justice: The Risk of Land Grabbing and State Responsibility in Contemporary Agrarian Reform
No full textThis article critically analyzes the existence of Land Banks in contemporary agrarian reform, placing them within the perspective of agrarian justice and state responsibility. Based on the assumption that land is not merely an economic asset, but rather the basis of life and social justice, this research examines the philosophical foundations, legal construction, and governance and authority of Land Banks, which have the potential to facilitate legally legitimized land grabbing practices. This research uses a normative-critical approach by combining legislative, conceptual, critical-theoretical, and limited comparative approaches. The research findings indicate that the institutional design and authority of the Land Bank reflect a shift in the rationality of agrarian law from a redistribution paradigm to asset management and development interests, which risks obscuring the corrective function of agrarian law. This article emphasizes that state responsibilities under agrarian law must be interpreted substantively, encompassing normative, preventive, protective, and remedial obligations to prevent land grabbing and protect community agrarian rights. These findings contribute to strengthening critical agrarian law discourse by offering a conceptual framework for reassessing the role of the Land Bank to ensure it remains aligned with the principles of agrarian justice and rights protection
Legal Framework and Innovation of Sharia Deed-Making Techniques in the Digitalization of Notary Services in Indonesia
No full textThis study examines the urgency, challenges, and innovation models for digital-based sharia deed creation in Indonesia by examining its relationship with the Quran, Sunnah, fatwas of the National Ulema Council (DSN-MUI), the Notary Law (UUJN), and the Information and Electronic Transactions Law (UU ITE). The research method used is normative legal research with a legislative approach, which reviews relevant laws and regulations, such as the Criminal Code, the Law on the Status of Notaries (Law Number 2 of 2014), Law Number 1 of 2024 as the Second Amendment to Law No. 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions, Government Regulation Number 71 of 2019, and the DSN-MUI fatwa on muamalah contracts, conceptual approaches, and literature. The results of the study indicate that the application of digital technology in the creation of sharia deeds requires regulatory adjustments to align with the provisions of the UUJN and utilize the legitimacy of documents and electronic signatures as regulated in the ITE Law. Regulatory integration, increased digital literacy, and strengthened technological infrastructure are necessary to ensure that digital Sharia deeds have the same legal force as conventional deeds and comply with Sharia principles
Challenges in Credit Agreements when the Debtor Dies: A Consumer Protection Law Perspective
No full textCredit agreements that include credit life insurance are a way to provide protection for banks and debtors. However, the problem is that the implementation of credit life insurance in credit agreements is not ideal. The purpose of this study is to analyze the legal protection for banks and debtors in credit agreements and to find an appropriate legal solution to provide legal protection for both banks and debtors. The research method used is empirical juridical and utilizes the Legal Protection Theory by Philipus M. Hadjon. The results of the study indicate that the inclusion of credit life insurance in credit agreements is not implemented ideally, so that credit life insurance does not fully provide protection for both banks and debtors as consumers. Therefore, the legal solutions offered in this research are ideal legal protection, information transparency is also necessary, a separate agreement is also needed, a fairer Banker's Clause is also needed, an effective complaint and dispute resolution mechanism is also needed, consistent implementation of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) is also necessary
The Paradox of Tolerance, Freedom of Religion, and Moral Boundaries in Implementation of Human Rights Law
No full textThe discussion of tolerance and religious freedom in Indonesia reveals a normative paradox: constitutional guarantees of human rights coexist with restrictive practices grounded in majority morality. While religious freedom is constitutionally guaranteed as a fundamental right tied to human dignity, Indonesian legal culture often enforces tolerance in a conditional, passive, or exclusive manner. This paradox shapes the complex interplay among religion, the state, and society, as the collective morality of dominant groups frequently becomes public morality, restricting minority rights. This article seeks to clarify how tolerance for religious freedom is constructed within Indonesian legal culture and to examine the moral boundaries that limit religious freedom. Using a normative juridical approach informed by interdisciplinary human rights law, legal philosophy, and moral philosophy, the research finds that tolerance in Indonesia is primarily passive and legitimized by majority morality. Dominant group values often become public morality without rational evaluation against universal human rights standards, resulting in asymmetric and exclusive restrictions on minorities. This research’s novelty lies in offering a normative framework that treats tolerance as a legal-philosophical issue and proposes reorienting moral boundaries toward universal human rights by strengthening active tolerance and public rationality, ensuring that religious freedom is not only normatively recognized but also meaningfully protected in Indonesia’s democratic and just legal culture
Enhancing Construction Safety and Health through IoT and Wearable Devices: A Systematic Review
No full textThe construction industry faces some of the highest occupational safety and health (OSH) risks, driven by hazardous behaviors, unsafe conditions, and limited adoption of technology and training. This study employs a systematic literature review (SLR) of recent publications to evaluate the trends, benefits, and challenges of applying Internet of Things (IoT) and wearable devices in construction OSH management. The findings indicate that technologies such as smart helmets, sensor vests, and biometric wristbands enable real-time monitoring, early risk detection, and predictive safety management, reducing reliance on traditional inspection methods. Furthermore, the integration of IoT with Artificial Intelligence (AI), Big Data Analytics, Building Information Modeling (BIM), and Industry 5.0 principles enhances predictive capacity, infrastructure resilience, efficiency, and sustainability of construction projects. Despite these benefits, barriers including data privacy concerns, high implementation costs, interoperability issues, and shortages of skilled personnel remain, especially in developing countries such as Indonesia. Overall, IoT and wearable technologies demonstrate significant potential to transform OSH practices in the construction sector by improving safety, productivity, and sustainability. However, their broader adoption requires comprehensive strategies, including worker training, strong data protection policies, regulatory support, and participatory approaches to ensure effective and sustainable implementation
INTEGRASI PENDIDIKAN KESETARAAN GENDER DAN PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN SEBAGAI MATERI MATA KULIAH BAHASA INGGRIS
No full textPendidikan kesetaraan gender dan pemberdayaan Perempuan di perguruan tinggi sangatlah penting sebagai materi untuk disampaikan pada mata kuliah. Materi tentang pendidikan gender dan pemberdayaan perempuan dapat diintegrasikan pada mata kuliah Bahasa Inggris. Materi tersebut dapat diintegrasikan pada teks bacaan atau Reading Section pada mata kuliah Bahasa Inggris. Penelitian ini berfokus pada pembuatan atau mengadaptasi materi pendidikan kesetaraan gender dan pemberdayaan perempuan untuk mata kuliah Bahasa Inggris. Pengembangan materi ini dilakukan dengan mengacu pada prinsip Research and Development (R&D) yang meliputi tahapan pengembangan, uji coba, dan revisi. Hasil akhir penilaian ahli memperoleh skor 54 dari 60, dengan persentase 90%. Interpretasi dari skor tersebut adalah “Sangat Baik”. Artinya, bahan ajar yang dikembangkan telah memenuhi kriteria kualitas yang tinggi, baik dari segi kurikulum, materi, tata bahasa, maupun evaluasi. Hasil akhir penilaian mahasiswa menunjukkan skor 55 dari 60, atau 92%. Angka ini termasuk dalam kategori “Sangat Baik”, yang menandakan bahwa mayoritas aspek pembelajaran telah memenuhi standar tinggi. Kurikulum dinilai relevan dan konsisten, materi dianggap tepat dan mudah dipahami, bahasa yang digunakan jelas serta sesuai, dan evaluasi dinilai efektif serta transparan
Legal Analysis of Sentence Imposing in Narcotics Cases from The Perspective of Islamic Justice, Religious Values, and Criminal Law (Study of Decision No. 86/Pid.Sus/2025/Pn Skw)
No full textThis study aims to analyze the judicial considerations underlying the sentencing of the defendant in Decision No. 86/Pid.Sus/2025/PN Singkawang, particularly regarding the application of Article 112 paragraph (2) of Law No. 35 of 2009 on Narcotics, and to assess whether the imposed punishment reflects a sense of justice and adequate protection for society from narcotics-related harms. The primary focus of the research is to examine the defendant's role, the evidentiary fulfillment of the criminal elements, and the relevance of the verdict to modern penal objectives and principles of justice. This research employs a normative juridical method with case, statutory, and conceptual approaches, allowing for a comprehensive assessment of the legal reasoning adopted by the judge and its alignment with criminal law doctrines and substantive justice. Through literature review, case analysis, and theoretical examination, the study evaluates the consistency of the applied legal norms and their relevance within the broader framework of Indonesia's narcotics law enforcement. The findings indicate that the judge imposed a five-year imprisonment sentence and a fine of Rp. 1,000,000,000 proportionally based on the defendant's position as a low-level narcotics distributor, considering the quantity of evidence, the defendant's involvement, and the social harm caused. Mitigating and aggravating factors were weighed fairly, leading to a decision that meets both legal certainty and substantive justice
Telepharmacy Model of Clinical Pharmacy Services in The Islands Region: A Study in A Government Hospital of The Bangka Belitung Islands Province
No full textAbstract: Archipelagic regions are areas that are vulnerable to health problems due to geographical factors. Transformation in the health system needs to be carried out through telepharmacy as a solution for pharmaceutical services in the island region. This research is a mix-method research with a qualitative method, phenomenological approach and a quantitative method, cross-sectional descriptive analytical observational design and experimental research using the Pre and Post Test Group Design method in August 2023-March 2025 at the Type D Government Hospital in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province. The research results show that the telepharmacy model of clinical pharmacy services is carried out by pharmacists based on standard operational procedures with an average time of 17 minutes 16 seconds synchronously and asynchronously using electronic media cellphones/smartphones with the WhatsApp application (calls, messages and video calls) or telephones accompanied drug information (name, efficacy, method/rules for use, dosage, dosage form, time interval, storage and side effects as well as actions that need to be taken if side effects arise). Telepharmacy model that is effective in increasing the implementation and effectiveness of clinical pharmacy services in the Bangka Belitung Islands region is simple application-based telepharmacy with the strengthening of pharmacists (quantity and quality) and internet networks
The Impact of Tax Compliance on Future Certainty: A Simulative Artificial Intelligence Modeling of Optimization Portfolios
No full textTax compliance is proven as a quality measurement, indicating the majority probability of achieving future certainty without the possibility of total loss of investment returns, and it is a new indicator of no tax avoidance. Unambiguously, the dividend policy's signaling effect predicts future firm value: management tends to adopt a payout policy with high growth to take advantage of low-cost capital financing, which is associated with lower internal conflict intensity. The concept of the information usefulness of financial reporting has been tested using a multilevel, multiple-data-panel regression with a sample of 154 Indonesian manufacturing listed companies. This model includes a dummy variable reflecting high or low earnings quality as a guideline for highly prospective investment decisions. This statistical testing shows that investors have a favorable view of high compliance, with tax management designed to be more "prudent". The positive market price movement reflected the view that aggressive tax accruals had negatively affected investors' perceptions, and that adherence to accounting standards and tax compliance serves as a practical benchmark for assessing management's ethical decisions in illustrating real future earnings. In testing the rational decision-making process, the decision tree, Bayes' Theorem, and payoff matrix table provide supporting evidence for game theory, including artificial intelligence-based modeling to estimate firm value precisely, and illustrate the real future earnings as a constructive impact of positive earnings management. This payout policy should be established as a minimum standard to enhance transparency regarding future sustainability and serve as a valid indicator of expected returns
Legal Analysis of the Authority of Regional Governments in the Management of Regional Public Hospitals with the Status of Regional Public Service Agencies (Blud) from the Perspective of State Administrative Law
No full textAbstract. The development of the management of the Regional General Hospital is an effort by the government to overcome various problems that always arise in the management of government hospitals, namely the difficulty of predicting the service needs of the community and the need for resources to support them. The purpose of this study is to analyze and describe the authority of the regional government in the management of regional general hospitals with the status of Regional Public Service Agency (BLUD) from the perspective of state administrative law. To analyze and describe the weaknesses of the regional government in the management of regional general hospitals with the status of Regional Public Service Agency (BLUD) from the perspective of state administrative law. To analyze and describe efforts to overcome the weaknesses of the regional government in the management of regional general hospitals with the status of Regional Public Service Agency (BLUD) from the perspective of state administrative law. The method used by the researcher is a normative juridical research method, with the approaches used being a legislative approach and a conceptual approach. This research is prescriptive research. The data sources and types used in this study are secondary data obtained from literature studies. The data were analyzed qualitatively using welfare state theory, legal effectiveness theory, and authority theory. Based on the results of the study, the authority of regional governments in managing Regional General Hospitals (RSUD) with the status of Regional Public Service Agencies (BLUD) is rooted in the principle of regional autonomy, where regional governments have the right to organize government affairs, including health affairs. From the perspective of state administrative law, this authority includes planning, implementation, guidance, and supervision that are more flexible than ordinary SKPD, with the aim of improving the professionalism and quality of public services. This flexibility is especially in financial management, where BLUD RSUD is given leeway to implement healthy business practices for the sake of efficiency and effectiveness of services. The weaknesses of regional governments in managing RSUD with BLUD status, from the perspective of state administrative law, include the weakness of incompetent human resources, the lack of understanding of the regional bureaucracy regarding the essence of BLUD, the dynamics of official turnover that hinders sustainability, and limited internal control that can lead to the risk of opportunistic behavior. In addition, there are also obstacles beyond the direct control of regional governments such as the mistaken view that BLUD aims to seek commercial profits. Efforts to address regional government weaknesses in managing regional public hospitals (RSUD) and hospitals (BLUD) from a state administrative law perspective include increasing human resource capacity and understanding of BLUD regulations, improving financial governance and optimal use of information systems, and strengthening communication synergies between regional governments and hospitals. Furthermore, it is necessary to prepare supporting instruments such as operational guidelines, promote transparency and accountability, and implement principles of efficiency and entrepreneurship