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War, Art and Memory: The Tensions between Historical Accuracy and Mythmaking in the Battle of Atlanta Cyclorama
No full textThe Battle of Atlanta Cyclorama creates a digestible spatial reality for viewers to confront the horrors and legacy of the Civil War. The ambiguity of the battle’s victor initially boosted popularity and sales nationwide, but it also gave way to malleable interpretations that at once generated support for the Union victory on the field, fit the Lost Cause narrative at the turn of the 20th century, and reified nostalgia and heroism for Confederate soldiers well into the 21st century. These different readings of the cyclorama were brought on by its geographic location, the alteration of painted materials, and the didactic and narrative information presented by the community it was located in. This paper will look specifically at the ways in which the Battle of Atlanta Cyclorama’s narrative shifted from its debut in 1886 in Minneapolis to its temporary, and later permanent, home in Atlanta starting in 1892. I will first explore the significance of the Battle of Atlanta itself. I will then define cycloramas as a genre of art and look at the cyclorama through the lens of a history painting. I will observe and analyze subtle changes already made to the narrative in the outset of its production for political, economic, and historical reasons. By then layering this understanding with the growing support for the Lost Cause in the early 20th century South that was made visible through material culture, I will explain how a Union victory could be advertised in a newspaper as a great Confederate triumph
Visions of a Wisconsin State Prison: Statebuilding and the Rehabilitative Ideal, 1836 - 1852
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Investigating the Role of the Alternative Splicing Isoform SRSF1-3 in Promoting Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase Mediated Somatic Hypermutation
No full textMothers and Monsters: Nationalism, Religious Extremism and Gender Norms
No full textNationalism encompasses identities of gender, religion, and ethnicity. Religious extremism can be examined at this intersection between gender and ethno-nationalism. Under a framework of normative nationalism this paper examines how religious extremist groups use gender stereotypes and proposes the subsequent implications of this use. Two cases are analyzed as examples of religious extremism – Sinhalese Buddhist Nationalism in Sri Lanka and the American far-right. Within these cases, two prominent religious extremist groups are discussed in reference to their use of gendered stereotypes - Bodu Bala Sena (BBS), and the Proud Boys. Results of this analysis find religious extremist groups, as a result of their ethno-nationalist roots to create dichotomous stereotypes of women based on their association with the in-group. Women of the in-group are considered ‘mothers’ expected to reproduce the next generation whereas the out-group is villainized and classified as ‘monsters’. These stereotypes are used to justify violence against subordinate groups and furthermore entrench traditional gender norms
Negotiation of Sexist Norms in the Music of the Lunachicks: A Musicological Approach
No full textThis paper contributes to existing literature on woman bands of the 1990s and their links to feminist movements with an approach based more in musicology and music theory. Using the New York City band the Lunachicks as a case study, it combines feminist theories of agency and resistance with musicological analysis in order to link the two fields and offer a new perspective on the subversion of heterofemininity in music. Through textual analysis and an examination of the Lunachicks\u27 first album, titled Babysitters On Acid (1990), I examine the sexist norms that impacted women musicians at the time and how the Lunachicks subverted these norms. I chose to focus on vocal timbre and formal analysis in Babysitters On Acid, in which contradiction through atypical and “unfeminine” vocal deliveries and a complex relationship to normative song forms provides potential sites of resistance. This analysis provides a previously unexamined approach to feminine resistance in music and raises future questions about the relationship between technical musical elements and social and activist movements
An Electrochemical Investigation of the Nonaqueous Copper Oxide Depositional System
No full textElectrodeposited copper oxide semiconductors can potentially offer an accessible method for the production of p-type semiconductors with consistent properties for both research and industrial applications. This study characterizes a variety of different depositional approaches, examining both starting material and depositional parameters. Copper(II) chloride dihydrate was found to be the most desirable starting material after also examining copper(II) nitrate trihydrate, copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate, and copper(I) chloride. The preferred parameters for electrodeposition were found to be a form of pulsed deposition, consisting of five pulses where 21.1 mC of charge were passed, with a 20-second rest period between each pulse. This set of depositional parameters produced the highest p-type photoactivity of those tested
Debasing Word Embeddings
No full textWith the constant advancement of the way that we use technology, there is often a blind application of machine learning that amplify biases present in the data that we use. In terms of a text data to vector representation tool, word embeddings are the popular framework for many machine learning and natural language processing tasks. Concern is raised when we highlight the male:female gender stereotypes present in word embeddings trained on Google News articles. The widespread use of word embeddings makes these disturbing findings non-negligible as they often amplify these stereotypes. Because of the vector formatting of a word embedding, we can identify gender bias that is captured in a word embedding. Also, we find that gender neutral words are linearly separable from the gendered words. Working with these properties, a methodology for mutating a word embedding to remove these gender stereotypes was created by Bolukbasi et al in 2016 in their paper titled, ”Man is to Computer Programmer as Woman is to Homemaker? Debiasing Word Embeddings”[3]. This methodology removes the inappropriate association between the words sewing and female or boss and male, while holding on to the expected associations between words queen and female or king and male. There are methods for an algorithm to ”debias” a word embedding, and its output was evaluated by crowd-workers to show the significantly reduced gender bias in embeddings while holding onto those useful properties that allow us to cluster related ideas for analogy tasks. The result of this should allow for applications of word embeddings without amplifying the gender bias. Our job is to replicate, test, and visualize this methodology to affirm its robustness