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Evaluating the Measurement of Sense of Belonging in Schools
No full textHaving a sense of belonging is a human need that has been shown to have a relationship with other concepts. Sense of belonging has been linked to academic-related topics and has further been thought to be important for students to have. Measures have been created to measure a general sense of belonging and sense of belonging in specific environments, one of those environments being schools. General sense of belonging measures can be used to measure students’ sense of belonging in schools, but sense belonging measures have also been created with the sole purpose of measuring the sense of belonging of students in schools. In this paper, the Sense of Belonging Instrument (Hagerty & Patusky, 1995), a general sense of belonging measure, and the Psychological Sense of School Membership Scale (Goodenow, 1993), a sense of belonging measure for students in schools are explored. The items of the measures and the construct validity of each measure are examined to evaluate how the measures measure students\u27 sense of belonging in schools
We Need to Save Us: Climate Justice as Revolution
No full textWhat if we need to change everything, to have a revolution, to stop climate change?
From the Sunrise movement advocating for electoral and legislative change to Ende Gelande blockading fossil fuel infrastructure and calling for revolution, the western climate justice movement embodies conflicting outlooks to addressing climate catastrophe. Yet our governments aren’t addressing the problem fast enough–and revolutionaries assert that our governments are inherently the problem. But how would it look to stop climate change via revolution?
Analyzing successful revolutions, this paper argues that in order to shift from the policy and state-centered climate change mitigation approach to an intersectional anti-capitalist revolutionary approach, activists need to expand radical political education, construct prefigurative structures such as mutual aid networks and deep democracy, partner with labor struggles, and understand historic successes of armed revolutionary insurrection. Expanding political education brings more people into revolutionary ideology and praxis, prefiguration creates current alternatives to capitalism and systems of oppression along with infrastructure that can last past the end of capitalism and the state system, utilizing labor fights undermines corporate control while liberating the climate and workers, and successful insurrections overthrow existing power structures
Reflections in the Water: Placing Salt Lake Valley\u27s Warm Springs in History
No full textThis place-based history looks at the layers of meaning given to Warm Springs at the northern edge of Salt Lake City primarily between 1850-1947. It investigates the presence of Indigenous people, the Mormon\u27s arrival, their incorporation into the United States, a rise in tourism, and the industrialization of the area among other events
The October 2019 Conundrum: Testing How Zero-Commission Trading Has Influenced Market Efficiency
No full textIn October 2019, major retail trading firms such as Charles Schwab, ETrade and TD Ameritrade began to offer no-commission trading to their retail investment clients. I study the market efficiency impact of the increase in retail investors resulting from this event. I test market efficiency through the lens of the Efficient Market Hypothesis in two time periods – January 2016-September 2019 and January 2020-January 2023 – the former covering commissioned trading and the latter exploring no-commission trading. I use three standard tests to compare market efficiency in the two identified periods: whether price to earnings predicts accumulated return, the January Effect, and Momentum-based Information. Regarding price to earnings, I am unable to reject the null hypothesis that price to earnings predicts future accumulated return, suggesting that market efficiency has stayed consistent over the two time periods. The January Effect test reveals that the ‘January Effect’ occurs to some degree in both periods, but does not offer strong enough evidence of an exploitable phenomenon. These results indicate that market efficiency again remains unchanged. Concerning Momentum-based Information, I find evidence that a firm’s previous return has similar predictive power in both periods, and that market efficiency has stayed relatively constant over the trading cost versus no trading cost periods. Based on these three tests, I conclude that I am not able to find any results that market efficiency significantly changed across the two time periods
Politics and Economics in the Endangered Species Act: Evaluating Endangered Species Delistings
No full textIn our study, we addressed three questions. Firstly, are economic and political variables associated with whether an endangered species is delisted by the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service (USFWS)? Secondly, are economic and political variables associated with delisting time (how long it takes for a species to be delisted)? Finally, how can we expand economic models to better assess Endangered Species Act (ESA) listing and delisting decisions? To address these questions, we invoked an economic model and a political model, the Noah’s Ark Model and the Public Choice Model, respectively. We conducted regression analyses to address our questions on whether economic and political variables are associated with delisting time and if a species is delisted. Additionally, we conducted case studies of two species, the Virginia Northern Flying Squirrel and the Preble’s Meadow Jumping Mouse, to explore political and economic variables in more depth. We conclude that conservation needs are prioritized in USFWS delisting decisions but that economic factors as a whole are not prioritized. Political support for delisting species is relatively insignificant and political support for listing species outweighs it in many cases. We suggest that the Noah’s Ark Model be expanded to consider the effects of protecting a species on the ecosystem as a whole in addition to other changes
PictaPhone: Using smartphones as Controllers
No full textThe game that we implemented for our Comps project is a drawing version of Telephone. The game consists of multiple rounds that are either prompt rounds or drawing rounds. Each player will start off with their own book. In the initial prompt round, players will have to come up with a prompt in order to begin their book. Then, in the subsequent drawing round, each players book will get passed to another player in a randomized sequence. Each player will inherit a book with a prompt in it, and have to draw a picture that they believe best represents the prompt in the book. Similarly, the following round will involve each player inheriting a new book, except they will now only be able to see the previously drawn picture and they will have to use this picture to guess what the initial prompt was. This process repeats until all the rounds have concluded. Then, there will be a time at the end to collectively view the books that they have created together, and hopefully get a good laugh out of it
