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Constantine’s Cults: Interconnected Iconographies of Religion and Power in the Roman Empire
No full textA Systematic Review of Visual Competition Effects in the Visual World Paradigm
No full textThe visual world paradigm (VWP) is a commonly-used method for studying speech processing. The VWP involves participants looking at an array of objects and tracking their eye movements as they listen to speech. Visual competition effects—a specific finding identified using the VWP—describe the tendency for participants to fixate on visually similar objects to those mentioned in the audio. There has been little metanalytic work examining the methodology of VWP studies, despite recent evidence that common differences in study design and analysis can greatly affect outcomes. The current paper assessed visual similarity coding, preview time selection, and analysis time window selection and found that methodological decisions of the literature had an overall lack of consistency and several instances of practices that might impede proper interpretation of results. Future VWP research on visual competitors should consider using validated visual stimuli, alternative methods of statistical analysis that don’t require specific time windows and provide additional justification for methodological decisions. Future research should also attempt to resolve the lack of clarity regarding the theoretical background behind the VWP
Unraveling the Physics Behind Digital Photography
No full textDigital photography has entirely changed the way we gather information about the world around us. In this paper, we examine the physical processes that occur when a photo is captured and explore the various models that enable us to design and characterize digital cameras. We begin by discussing the wave and particle models of light and considering their respective applications. Next, we introduce ray optics and Fourier optics to develop two complementary models for imaging systems. Finally, we focus on the science behind complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) array detectors, which facilitate rapid and efficient digitization of optical images. By discussing the harmonious interaction between diverse models and subfields, we aim to offer insights into how physics has contributed to the remarkable advancements in digital imaging capabilities
Hunting for Home: Placemaking Through the Deer Harvest in Non-Indigenous Northern Southeast Alaskan Communities
No full textSitka black-tailed deer harvest is a focal point in the lives of many in Southeast Alaska. Along with other subsistence practices that settler communities value, hunting is a uniquely potent anchor for a sense of belonging. Within placemaking literature practices like this are commonly articulated as the source of socio-ecological meaning, yet the processes that spark its creation are underexplored. Through an ethnographic study of deer hunting, I propose an alternate placemaking model as an active and rapid process where potency is defined not by cultural breadth but by depth and intensity. Through story-based methodologies, I show the material and emotional aspects of the harvest that catalyze an explicitly spiritual realm, essential to hunters\u27 identity in times of precarity. The constant of the deer harvest, through people’s calendars, families, and sense of self is unique, isolated, and an almost instantaneous cultural force for those who encounter it. The resulting view of placemaking - with room for the sporadic, poignant and dynamic - is critical to articulate and interrogate emotional stakeholders within modern tumultuous place and human relationships
Linux Privilege Escalation and Vulnerability Exploit Script (linPEVES)
No full textA tool that scans for and exploits privilege escalation (PE) vulnerabilities within a Linux machine, made in the style of linPEAS. Our suite of custom scans facilitate the exploitation of each respective vulnerability, if found
Interactions between Limestone, Shale, and Sandstone Aggregates and Acid Mine Drainage (AMD)
No full textCrushed samples of limestone, two types of shale, and sandstone were exposed to acid mine drainage (AMD) collected at the Bear Valley Strip Mine in Northumberland County, PA. Roughly 40g of each type of rock was left separately submerged for 166 hours in 200mL of AMD and stirred using magnetic stir bars to create flow. Over the course of the experiment the pH of AMD in the beakers with limestone or shale increased from 3.86 to 7 or 8, while the pH of AMD in the beaker with sandstone remained close to 4. Visible precipitates appeared to form in most beakers. The results were affected by significant evaporation which occurred in all beakers but disproportionately impacted the beaker containing sandstone. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis of the crushed rock samples before and after the experiment was conducted, and major cation concentrations in the AMD were measured via inductively coupled plasma (ICP) mass spectroscopy. Comparison between XRF and ICP results indicated that XRF measurement uncertainty likely completely precluded definitive conclusions about the identity of the precipitates that formed. Major cation concentrations in the AMD tended to increase over the duration of the experiment due to low initial concentrations in the field samples
Seeing the Unseen: Signal Processing and Electronic Beam Steering in RADAR
No full textRadio detecting and ranging devices provide us with a method to understand the world beyond the limited field of our vision. They operate by transmitting radio waves and analyzing the reflected signals to determine the position, velocity, and characteristics of distant objects. This paper will provide an overview of electromagnetic wave properties and demonstrate how they can be manipulated in radar systems. It will then develop the necessary tools to understand how a digital signal is processed in a system. This will include an overview of Fourier approximations for periodic and aperiodic signals. Finally, the paper will discuss how radar beams are directed and the properties of wave scattering that make an object detectable by radar
Figuring out What Works: Reviewing the Advantages, Disadvantages, and Effectiveness of Passive Enhanced Weathering Settings and Feedstocks
No full textEnhanced weathering is a negative emissions technology that converts CO2 and a natural or industrial feedstock (i.e., a material used for enhanced weathering) into bicarbonate, alkalinity, dissolved Ca/Mg, and/or carbonate minerals. Despite the need to deploy enhanced weathering at scale, policymakers still lack sufficient information to maximize its potential. Using a multidisciplinary literature review, I describe the mechanisms and controlling factors of enhanced weathering, along with some of the socio-environmental tradeoffs (e.g., costs, leachates, co-benefits) of three proposed enhanced weathering feedstocks (mine materials, calcined MgO, and concrete) and three proposed enhanced weathering settings (urban, marginal, and agricultural lands). Using this information, I link these feedstocks to each setting in a way that maximizes enhanced weathering’s effectiveness/co-benefits and minimizes its potential harm. I recommend basalt tailings for agricultural and marginal enhanced weathering due to its agricultural benefits and potential for poverty reduction. I do not recommend MgO as the principal feedstock for any setting discussed. Finally, I recommend concrete for urban enhanced weathering due to its low cost and high urban availability
The Family Plan or Lack Thereof: A Cultural Study of Post-One-Child Policy China
No full textDespite China abolishing the one-child policy in 2016, the effects are still felt today. There are profound social and economic impacts on the country, particularly in the domain of relationships. Due to the policy lasting 36 years, the impacts are widely studied. However, the two-child and three-child policies were recently implemented and therefore are under-researched. I explore the change in family policies\u27 influence on the younger generation\u27s attitudes toward relationships, marriage, and family planning. I conducted qualitative interviews with students attending universities in Beijing. Many are more concerned with their education, careers, and financial stability than with the traditional value of marrying and starting a family early. Some factors that have affected this shift of conventional norms are globalization, gender expectations, and economic burdens. Young women are experiencing greater freedom under the new policy. However, it has led to unforeseen consequences. I integrate the interview information with existing research to provide new perspectives on China’s evolving societal ideals. This paper argues that the transition from the one-child policy to the two- and three-child policies has not been sufficient as younger generations increasingly prioritize autonomy, career goals, and self-fulfillment over traditional family obligations
The Sensuality of Suffering: Love in Julian of Norwich and James Baldwin
No full textIn response to a question about whether or not he believes in God, James Baldwin responded, “I’m not a believer in any sense which would make sense to any church, and any church would obviously throw me out. I believe–what do I believe? I believe in…I believe in love.” He explores this idea in depth in his seminal text on religion and the Black American experience, The Fire Next Time. Julian of Norwich, a medieval mystic, wrote an account of her showings from God, titled Revelations of Divine Love. She describes God as “almighty, all wisdom and all love.” Both authors are concerned with the nature of experience, articulated as sensuality. This understanding of embodied experience empowers an understanding of love as transformative, honest, painful, and challenging. This definition of love requires an interrogation of the relationship between love and suffering as agents of sensuality, an interrogation that both Julian and Baldwin take up with deep reverence for the human condition. This paper identifies both love and suffering as universal aspects of the human condition, and explores their connected, sensual nature. This nature requires them to exist in tandem with one another in humanity. Despite conflicting ideas about religion, Julian of Norwich and James Baldwin both understand the sensuality of experience, exemplified in love and suffering, to be what defines the human condition and enables union with the divine. Understanding the nature of this connection through the work of Julian and Baldwin allows us to see both love and suffering as divine experiences that allow humans to understand the truth of the human condition