4303 research outputs found
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Transformer Zoo: A Comprehensive Analysis of Transform Coding in Image Compression
No full textThe JPEG Compression Standard is a staple in modern image compression that provides a robust pipeline for transforming, quantizing, and encoding images. In this paper we define the basic structure of the JPEG pipeline, then explain how transforms other than the standard DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform) can be substituted in, covering the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) and the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), represented by the Haar and S+P Transform. We provide a rich mathematical background for each transform and then compare their performance across several dataset
Still Lives Alive
No full textWithin my family of intergenerational Americans, our alter of culture never sat on a pedestal. It was tasted, created, and adorned in the quietness of our homes. Our dance to connect with a perceived homeland was never seamless, but often an awkward grasping at fantasy. Through a series of oil-painted still lives, I hope to shed light on the tensions between American and immigrant identity throughout generations. These scenes of familiar everyday objects, suspended in a dreamlike atmosphere, narrate my own lived experiences wrestling with picking up the pieces of my heritage, reconciling assimilation, and reconnecting with what’s been lost
From Bases to Bits: An Analysis of Early DNA Compression Algorithms
No full textToday, with increased accessibility to genomic sequencing, and the corresponding increase in genomic data, there is a necessity to create specialized compression algorithms to more efficiently store such data. This paper seeks to compare the space savings achieved by entropy, non-reference, and reference-based compression algorithms (Huffman, Biocompress 1, and DNAzip, respectively). We implemented and applied each algorithm with optimal parameters to three human genomic sequences. In doing so, we identified DNAzip to have the smallest compression ratio across the three genomes (0.00318 ± 0.0002), followed by Biocompress 1 (0.225 ± 0.002), and lastly Huffman coding (0.239 ± 0.0002). Given that the superior efficiency of DNAzip comes with the caveat of requiring a reference genome, our analysis revealed that DNAzip was only more efficient when storing five or more genomes. Simultane- ously, Biocompress 1 proved most efficient for genomic datasets containing fewer than five genomes
Untitled (Birds and Concrete)
No full textThis Studio Arts Comps explores our built environment through small and large concrete sculptures populated by wool birds and mice. The project explores our shared understandings of material and shelter. The small wooly animals while humorous connect both to animal and human engagement with a constructed world
Taxing the 0.01%
No full textThe United States tax system could be significantly improved by restructuring taxation for the uber-wealthy. In the status quo, the country faces severe income and wealth inequality, with the top 1% owning approximately 30% of the nation’s wealth, substantial problems with deadweight loss due to tax evasion, and numerous loopholes that are frequently exploited. The US would be best served by replacing all federal taxes for the 0.01% with a 2% net wealth tax. This policy would encourage income redistribution, decrease deadweight losses, and close many of the most common loopholes used by the wealthy
Civic Engagement in Algorithmic Choices
No full textOur comps is a redesign of how algorithms are taught in CS classes. By focusing on the concepts of Greedy Algorithm and Divide and Conquer, we building a learning path that mixes technical practice with reflection on real-world impact
Region-of-Interest Medical Image Compression with JPEG, JPEG2000, SPIHT
No full textGiven the importance of having high-quality but small images in a medical setting, as well as of having images with custom areas in higher quality than others, this paper discusses three different image compression algorithms. The three algorithms, JPEG, JPEG2000, and SPIHT, are analyzed using various metrics to do with their compression quality on slices of MRIs and CT scans, with particular attention paid to the compression of regions of interest. Due to limitations in our manual implementations, we cannot draw definitive comparative conclusions; however, JPEG2000 demonstrated superior performance in balancing compression efficiency with reconstruction quality, particularly through its lossless region-of-interest compression capabilities
The Plasma Display Panel
No full textThis paper explores the development of plasma display panels (PDPs) with an emphasis on the plasma physics involved. It describes the historical rise and fall of plasma television technology as well as the technical fabrication of the television itself in scaffolded steps, from the generation of the plasma, to its physical containment, to its use in generating images on a screen
Asymmetrical Horizontal Gene Transfer Between Parasites and Hosts: Evolutionary Constraints and Functional Implications
No full textU & I in the classroom: Leveraging interdisciplinary research in educational technology interface design
No full textEducational technology in the classroom has benefits and drawbacks. Students can benefit from the individualization of their learning progress and the accessibility of information. However, students can easily become distracted, rely on the technology rather than struggling through new information on their own, and be more affected by individual differences that set students apart. To better design educational technology, interface designers must collaborate with other experts in the fields of education, educational psychology, and cognitive psychology. The design of future interfaces would benefit from prioritizing (1) designing for the unique situation of the student as a user, (2) emphasizing technology as a tool to support learning, and (3) exploiting known cognitive processes to get the most out of an interface. One individual discipline cannot accomplish this design on its own and must rely on other experts to make a positive impact on students and their education. Together, future interface design of educational technology can work towards being beneficial and limiting the negative impacts of technology in the classroom