5916 research outputs found
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When human-food interaction meets value-sensitive design: Card-based design tool
No full textHuman-food interaction (HFI) is gaining attention in technology design and values play an important role on it. Therefore, it is essential for designers to focus on finding ways to understand and support the underlying values that interplay with human-food interaction in different contexts to incorporate into design. This ongoing project aims to develop a card-based design tool that bridge between HFI and value-sensitive design. The paper presents preliminary insights about the design and development of a card-based design tool based on qualitative studies conducted with young adults and designers. We draw on findings to set forth design considerations and possible refinements that make knowledge about food practices and values accessible for designers and researchers
A study on the sensory properties, volatiles and fatty acid-derived compounds of traditionally cooked rice varieties popular in Türkiye
No full textA rice dish is a complex food item with different dimensions affected by variety, cooking technique, and the presence of other ingredients and their interactions. Baldo, Osmancik, and Cammeo are the most popular rice varieties, and Salma and Pilaf techniques are two of the most common cooking methods used in the culinary applications in T & uuml;rkiye. Therefore, rice dishes were prepared with these rice varieties, and cooked via Salma and Pilaf techniques in this study. Butter, olive oil, margarine, and sunflower oil were included in the formulations as different fat types. The samples prepared with Osmancik rice, Salma method, and olive oil (O-S-O); Baldo rice, Pilaf method, and olive oil (B-P-O); and Cammeo rice, Salma method, and olive oil (C-S-O) were the top three dishes in terms of overall acceptability scores. Squalene, limonene, isopropyl myristate, cyclotetradecane, acetic acid, acetol, and nonanal were detected as volatile compounds in these rice dishes. Methyl oleate, methyl palmitate, methyl linoleate, methyl stearate, methyl palmitoleate, methyl linolenate, and methyl eicosanate are the common fatty acid components in these most liked rice dishes and olive oil used. Methyl benzoate and benzaldehyde were quantified using the Salma technique in O-S-O and C-S-O but not in B-P-O cooked with Pilaf method. Complicated chemical reactions among rice components are closely associated with the development of cooked rice aromas. This study is the first to investigate volatiles and fatty acid-derived compounds in rice dishes cooked with Baldo, Osmancik, and Cammeo varieties using Salma and Pilaf procedures together with sensory evaluation.Aromsa Flavours and Food Additives Inc
İş yeri nezaketsizliğinin öncüllerini ve günlük sonuçlarını keşfetmek: Bir deneyim örnekleme çalışması.
No full textThis 5-day experience sampling study aims to investigate the antecedents and short-term consequences of workplace incivility (WPI) coming from two different sources: supervisors and co-workers. Using the victim precipitation and perpetrator predation framework as a conceptual basis, this study examined attachment orientation as a relatively stable individual difference antecedent of WPI experience/perception, and morning (before-work) negative affect as a situational individual difference antecedent of daily WPI. End-of-work burnout and job satisfaction were the outcome variables examined in the study. Finally, the moderating effects of attachment orientation on the WPI-burnout and WPI-job satisfaction within-person relationships were investigated. The sample consisted of 190 full-time employees from a wide range of occupations who interacted face-to-face with supervisors and co-workers on a daily basis. Participants completed before and end-of-work surveys during five consecutive days. Random coefficient modeling with a multilevel path analysis was conducted to test hypotheses. As expected, attachment anxiety was positively related to WPI experience at the between-person level whereas negative affect was positively related to WPI at the within-person level. Daily WPI predicted end-of-work burnout and job satisfaction. Attachment anxiety exacerbated the negative effects of supervisor incivility on both burnout and job satisfaction whereas attachment avoidance amplified the negative effects of supervisor incivility on burnout only. A number of exploratory analyses were also conducted. Findings highlight the importance of treating this seemingly minor deviant workplace mistreatment not only as a chronic phenomenon but also as an episodic one.Bu 5-günlük deneyim örnekleme çalışmasında, iki farklı kaynaktan gelen (iş arkadaşı ve yöneticiler) iş yeri nezaketsizliği (İYN) yaşantısının öncüllerinin ve kısa vadedeki sonuçlarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Kavramsal temel olarak fail predasyon ve mağdur odaklı suç çerçevelerinin kullanıldığı bu araştırmada, İYN algısının/deneyiminin bireysel bir öncülü olarak bağlanma yönelimi ve durumsal bir öncülü olarak mesai öncesi deneyimlenen olumsuz duygulanım incelenmiştir. İYN yaşantısının sonuçları olarak ise mesai sonrası tükenmişliği ve iş doyumu analiz edilmiştir. Son olarak, bağlanma yöneliminin İYN-tükenmişlik ve İYN-iş doyumu ilişkileri üzerindeki düzenleyici etkileri incelenmiştir. Araştırma örneklemini, gün içinde ofiste yöneticileri ve iş arkadaşlarıyla yüz yüze çalışan geniş bir yelpazedeki mesleklerden 190 çalışan oluşturmaktadır. Katılımcılar beş gün boyunca mesai öncesi ve sonrası anketlerini tamamlamışlardır. Hipotez testi için çok düzeyli yol analizi ile rastgele katsayı modellemesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Beklendiği gibi, bağlanma kaygısı kişiler-arası düzeyde, mesai-öncesi olumsuz duygulanım da kişi-içi düzeyde İYN deneyimi ile pozitif ilişkilidir. Günlük İYN deneyiminin mesai sonrası tükenmişliği ve iş doyumunu yordadığı bulunmuştur. Bağlanma kaygısı, yönetici nezaketsizliğinin hem tükenmişlik hem de iş tatmini üzerindeki olumsuz etkisini şiddetlendirirken, bağlanma kaçınması yönetici nezaketsizliğinin yalnızca tükenmişlik üzerindeki olumsuz etkisini şiddetlendirmektedir. Bulgular, bu kötü muamele türünün yalnızca kronik bir olgu olarak değil, aynı zamanda epizodik bir olgu olarak da ele alınmasının önemini vurgulamaktadır
Label-free differentiation of functional zones in mature mouse placenta using micro-Raman imaging
No full textIn histopathology, it is highly crucial to have chemical and structural information about tissues. Additionally, the segmentation of zones within a tissue plays a vital role in investigating the functions of these regions for better diagnosis and treatment. The placenta plays a vital role in embryonic and fetal development and in diagnosing some diseases associated with its dysfunction. This study provides a label -free approach to obtain the images of mature mouse placenta together with the chemical differences between the tissue compartments using Raman spectroscopy. To generate the Raman images, spectra of placental tissue were collected using a custom-built optical setup. The pre-processed spectra were analyzed using statistical and machine learning methods to acquire the Raman maps. We found that the placental regions called decidua and the labyrinth zone are biochemically distinct from the junctional zone. A histologist performed a comparison and evaluation of the Raman map with histological images of the placental tissue, and they were found to agree. The results of this study show that Raman spectroscopy offers the possibility of label -free monitoring of the placental tissue from mature mice while simultaneously revealing crucial structural information about the zones.Directorate of Presidential Strategy and Budget of Turkey ; TÜBİTAK ; Akdeniz UniversityPublisher versio
A novel electric vehicle charging management with dynamic active power curtailment framework for PV-Rich prosumers
No full textProsumer communities are integrating renewable energy sources to reduce energy costs and carbon emissions for sustainable and clean energy awareness. However, increasing solar photovoltaic penetration in low-voltage distribution networks leads to serious power quality challenges, such as overvoltage for grid operators and prosumers. Integrating electric vehicles (EVs) as deferable loads can reduce prosumer costs and maximize environmental benefits as EV charging is managed. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel EV charging management that maximizes prosumer communities' power quality and benefits PV-rich prosumers by applying a dynamic active power curtailment framework. The methodology calculates each prosumer's maximum power injection into the grid based on their voltage sensitivities. The performance of the developed charging management is examined on the European 906 bus low-voltage distribution networks under unmanaged, managed, and vehicle-to-grid (V2G)-empowered scenarios. The prosumers' individual and aggregated economic cost-benefit results are analyzed considering increasing EV penetration. The results show that the proposed method considering fair active power curtailment could increase self-consumption and renewable fraction for prosumers. It is observed that increasing EV penetration could reduce the curtailed energy by 14.6%. The V2G-empowered method also increased up to 20% more renewable energy for charging EVs, improved self-consumption and renewable fraction up to 11% and 19.4%. Moreover, the V2G option reduced total costs by up to 37.93%. This work can potentially promote renewable energy sources by modifying consumers' charging behaviors to be more sustainable and environmentally friendly.Publisher versio
Robotic learning of haptic skills from expert demonstration for contact-rich manufacturing tasks
No full textWe propose a learning from demonstration (LfD) approach that utilizes an interaction (admittance) controller and two force sensors for the robot to learn the force applied by an expert from demonstrations in contact-rich tasks such as robotic polishing. Our goal is to equip the robot with the haptic expertise of an expert by using a machine learning (ML) approach while providing the flexibility for the user to intervene in the task at any point when necessary by using an interaction controller. The utilization of two force sensors, a pivotal concept in this study, allows us to gather environmental data crucial for effectively training our system to accommodate workpieces with diverse material and surface properties and maintain the contact of polisher with their surfaces. In the demonstration phase of our approach where an expert guiding the robot to perform a polishing task, we record the force applied by the human (Fh) and the interaction force (Fint) via two separate force sensors for the polishing trajectory followed by the expert to extract information about the environment (Fenv = Fh - Fint). An admittance controller, which takes the interaction force as the input is used to output a reference velocity to be tracked by the internal motion controller (PID) of the robot to regulate the interactions between the polisher and the surface of a workpiece. A multilayer perceptron (MLP) model was trained to learn the human force profile based on the inputs of Cartesian position and velocity of the polisher, environmental force (Fenv), and friction coefficient between the polisher and the surface to the model. During the deployment phase, in which the robot executes the task autonomously, the human force estimated by our system ( Fh) is utilized to balance the reaction forces coming from the environment and calculate the force ( Fh - Fenv) needs to be inputted to the admittance controller to generate a reference velocity trajectory for the robot to follow. We designed three use-case scenarios to demonstrate the benefits of the proposed system. The presented use-cases highlight the capability of the proposed pHRI system to learn from human expertise and adjust its force based on material and surface variations during automated operations, while still accommodating manual interventions as needed
Assessment of seismic performance degradation of rc building frames under Kahramanmaras earthquake sequence
No full textThe southeastern region of Turkey was shaken by two major earthquakes with magnitudes M-w 7.7 and M-w 7.6 on the same day of February 6th, 2023, resulting in extreme destruction and loss of the lives of more than 50,000 people. Among thousands of collapsed buildings, some of the buildings that survived during the first mainshock of M-w 7.7 collapsed or severely damaged after the second mainshock of M-w 7.6 or also after the occurrence of some lower-magnitude aftershocks. This study aims to assess the impact of this earthquake sequence on seismic performance of typical reinforced concrete (RC) building frames, which is the common structural system for residential buildings in Turkey. For this purpose, an analytical study is performed by investigating the seismic response of a 5-story RC building frame with code-conforming and non-code-conforming design features. Nonlinear timehistory analyses of the structural models of these frames are conducted in finite element analysis platform OpenSees under the ground motion sequences recorded at five different seismic recording stations in the region. Seismic demand parameter of maximum inter-story drift ratios resulting from each seismic event in a sequence are computed and the influence of stiffness degradation on seismic demands and performance of the frames are assessed for sequential earthquakes. The outcomes of this study are believed to be useful for revealing damage accumulation during such earthquake sequences and the importance of providing adequate reserve capacity for better seismic performances of buildings
İklim değişikliğine uyum süreci kapsamında bina enerji performansı, kullanıcı konforu ve performans güçlendirme stratejileri.
No full textIncreasing energy consumption in our developing and changing world, which has become a critical risk, is among the main reasons for climate change. Buildings are among the high priority sectors in climate change due to their high CO2 emissions, significant energy consumption and increasing comfort demands of building occupants. Therefore, integrating buildings with climate-resistant strategies and energy-efficient parameters in the adaptation process to climate change is of great importance for sustainable development. The necessity of taking measures to adapt buildings to climate change in the future and the importance of reducing the effects of climate change is obvious. Therefore, a comprehensive and quantitative assessment of how climate change will affect future building energy performance is essential for designing climate-resilient structures and making long-term strategic decisions. It is predicted that this change may affect each region in different ways and degrees. It is therefore critical to evaluate different climatic zones and different emission scenarios. The thesis aims to investigate how buildings and their energy performance will be affected by climate change in the future. In the reports announced by the IPCC, two different emission scenarios, RCP 4.5 and 8.5, were considered. The housing type, which constitutes a major part of the building stock, has been selected and analyzed comparatively with two different climatic regions, Istanbul, and Izmir. Future climate data of different climatic regions were obtained using the morphing method. Different scenarios have been developed to improve building energy and thermal comfort during the climate adaptation process. In this context, it aims to explore approaches to improve v the climate resilience of residential buildings by using energy efficient integrated building design criteria. According to the results obtained, it has been proven that climate change affects each region differently. According to the RCP 8.5 scenario, the temperature increased by +4.3 °C in Istanbul and +5 °C in Izmir. Especially in Izmir, overheating has increased during the summer months. Within the scope of improvement strategies, a decrease in overheating rates was observed remarkably. Another critical outcome is that the integration of renewable energy sources into the building is of critical importance in the adaptation process to the climate. In addition, the selection of appropriate insulation thicknesses has resulted in significant energy savings in both climate zones. Although it changes according to emission scenarios compared to the current situation, approximately 65-70% of energy improvement was achieved in Istanbul, while 60-65% of energy savings were achieved in Izmir. On the other hand, in terms of thermal comfort values, significant decreases were calculated in both provinces in the suggested most efficient scenarios. In this direction, the thesis emphasizes the importance of reducing the adverse effects of climate change and aims to increase awareness of the importance of using future climate scenarios in building energy efficiency analysis and design.Gelişen ve değişen dünyamızda kritik bir risk haline gelen artan enerji tüketimi, iklim değişikliğinin başlıca nedenleri arasında yer almaktadır. Binalar, yüksek CO2 emisyonları, önemli miktarda enerji tüketimi ve bina sakinlerinin artan konfor talepleri nedeniyle iklim değişikliğinde yüksek öncelikli sektörler arasındadır. Bu nedenle, iklim değişikliğine uyum sürecinde binaların iklime dayanıklı stratejiler ve enerji verimli parametrelerle bütünleştirilmesi sürdürülebilir kalkınma için büyük önem taşımaktadır. Gelecekte binaların iklim değişikliğine uyum sağlayacak önlemlerin alınmasının gerekliliği ve iklim değişikliğinin etkilerinin azaltılmasının önemi açıktır. Bu nedenle, iklim değişikliğinin gelecekteki bina enerji performansını nasıl etkileyeceğine dair kapsamlı ve nicel bir değerlendirme, iklime dayanıklı yapıların tasarlanması ve uzun vadeli stratejik kararlar alınması için gereklidir. Bu değişimin her bölgeyi farklı şekillerde ve derecelerde etkileyebileceği tahmin edilmektedir. Bu nedenle, farklı iklim bölgelerini ve farklı emisyon senaryolarını değerlendirmek kritik öneme sahiptir. Tez, binaların ve enerji performanslarının gelecekte iklim değişikliğinden nasıl etkileneceğini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. IPCC tarafından açıklanan raporlarda, RCP 4.5 ve 8.5 olmak üzere iki farklı emisyon senaryosu dikkate alınmıştır. Yapı stokunun önemli bir bölümünü oluşturan konut tipi seçilmiş ve iki farklı iklim bölgesi olan İstanbul ve İzmir ile karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Farklı iklim bölgelerinin gelecekteki iklim verileri geçiş (morphing) yöntemi kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. İklim uyum sürecinde bina enerjisini ve ısıl konforu iyileştirmek için farklı senaryolar geliştirilmiştir. Bu bağlamda, enerji verimli entegre bina tasarım kriterlerini kullanarak konut binalarının iklim direncini iyileştirmeye yönelik yaklaşımları keşfetmeyi amaçlamaktadır. vii Elde edilen sonuçlara göre iklim değişikliğinin her bölgeyi farklı şekilde etkilediği kanıtlanmıştır. RCP 8.5 senaryosuna göre sıcaklık değerleri İstanbul'da +4,3 °C, İzmir'de +5 °C arttı. Özellikle İzmir'de yaz aylarında aşırı ısınma oranı artış gösterdi. İyileştirme stratejileri kapsamında aşırı ısınma oranlarında dikkat çekici bir düşüş gözlemlendi. Bir diğer kritik sonuç ise yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının binaya entegrasyonunun iklime uyum sürecinde kritik öneme sahip olmasıdır. Ayrıca uygun yalıtım kalınlıklarının seçilmesi her iki iklim bölgesinde de önemli ölçüde enerji tasarrufu sağlamıştır. Mevcut durumda emisyon senaryolarına göre değişmekle birlikte İstanbul'da yaklaşık %65-70 oranında enerji iyileştirmesi sağlanırken, İzmir'de %60-65 oranında enerji tasarrufu sağlanmıştır. Buna karşılık, termal konfor değerleri açısından, önerilen en verimli senaryolarda her iki ilde de önemli düşüşler hesaplanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda tez, iklim değişikliğinin olumsuz etkilerini azaltmanın önemine vurgu yapmakta ve bina enerji verimliliği analiz ve tasarımında geleceğin iklim senaryolarını kullanmanın önemi konusunda farkındalığı artırmayı amaçlamaktadır
Site response analysis in performance based approach
No full textA performance based approach for site response analysis requires a probabilistic approach accounting for the observed variability in soil stratification and engineering properties of the soil layers. The major variability in site-specific response analysis arises from the uncertainties induced by the (a) local seismic hazard assessment, (b) selection and scaling of the hazard compatible input earthquake time histories, (c) soil stratification and engineering properties of encountered soil and rock layers, and (d) method of site response analysis. Even though the uncertainties related to first item, local seismic hazard assessment, has primary importance on the outcome of the site-specific response analyses, the discussion in this article focuses on the possible uncertainties in selection and scaling of the hazard compatible input earthquake time histories, soil stratification, thickness, type and their engineering properties, depth of ground water table and bedrock and properties of the engineering bedrock. One alternative may be to conduct site response analyses for large number of soil profiles generated by Monte Carlo simulations using relatively large number of hazard compatible acceleration time histories to assess probabilistic performance based design acceleration spectra and acceleration time histories calculated on the ground surface with respect to different performance levels. A remaining issue may be considered as the variability induced by 1D, 2D, and 3D site response analysis
Blok zinciri için kendi kendine kurulan kümelenmiş ağ mimarisi.
No full textBlockchain technology has branched out into many industries, such as healthcare, manufacturing, agriculture and entertainment, in the shape of both of its public and non-public variants. In principle, blockchain provides these industries with an immutable ledger, allowing the processes in its application environment to be taken care of in a decentralized manner. However, some challenges blockchain has faced to this day remain, such as the degree of its scalability, the level of security it provides and the transparency of the network transactions. In this thesis, a novel approach to a distributed, permission-less blockchain network is explored with the use of hierarchical clustering to gather the nodes based on the latency of their connection to one another. These clusters of nodes are allowed to work on their respective local chains and to add the verified local chains to the actual global chain that is used by the entire system. Network's throughput performance and overall latency are evaluated and compared with other blockchain applications, namely a simulation of the Bitcoin network itself and another approach that makes use of a method called Community Clustering. We collected the data for the correlation in the same environment for our work, Bitcoin and Community Clustering\cite{communityclustering} networks. The comparison of the collected data aligns with our work's clusters to improve the transaction throughput of the network, where an increase in average throughput and a drastic decrease in latency are observed.Blok zinciri teknolojisi gelişerek ve genişleyerek sağlık, imalat, tarım ve eğlence gibi birçok endüstriye, herkese açık ve özel varyantları olacak şekilde ulaşabilmiştir. Temelinde blok zinciri teknolojisi bu endüstrilere uygulama ortamında bulunan işlemlerin merkezsizleştirilmiş bir biçimde oluşmalarını sağlayan değişmez bir kayıt defteri sunar. Ancak blok zinciri teknolojisinin geçmişten günümüze karşılaştığı bazı zorluklar halen varlığını sürdürmektedir. Bu zorluklardan bazıları blok zincirinin ölçeklenebilirlik derecesi, sunuyor olduğu güvenlik seviyesi ve ağda meydana gelen işlem ve hareketlerin saydamlığı olarak sayılabilir. Bu tezde dağıtık, izin gereksinimi olmayan blok zinciri temeline sahip bir ağ yapısına düğümlerin (ağ katılımcılarının) aralarındaki bağlantı gecikmesini esas alan hiyerarşik kümelenme kullanılarak en düşük olanlar birlikte tutulacak şekilde yeni bir yaklaşım araştırılmıştır. Bu düğüm kümelerinin kendi yerel zincirleri üzerinde çalışmaları sağlanıp, ağın kalanı tarafından da onaylanan yerel zincirlerin sistemin geneli tarafından kullanılan global zincire eklenmeleri sağlanmıştır. Ağın verimliliği, ağda işlenebilen iş hacmi ve ağın genel gecikme süreleri değerlendirilmiş ve diğer blok zinciri uygulamaları, Bitcoin\cite{bitcoinwhitepaper} ve Komünite Kümelemesi (Community Clustering)\cite{communityclustering} isimli bir metod kullanan başka bir yaklaşım ile kıyaslanmıştır. Öne sürdüğümüz yöntem, Bitcoin ve Komünite Kümelemesi ağlarının kıyaslanması için gerekli verileri aynı ortamda toplanmıştır. Toplanan verinin kıyaslanmasından elde edilen sonuçlar öne sürdüğümüz yöntemin işlem hacmini iyileştirmeyi hedefleyen kümeleri ile hizalanmakta olup, ağdan elde edilen ortalama işlem hacminde bir artış ve gecikmede de şiddetli bir düşüş olduğu gözlemlenmiştir