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Arbitration on intellectual property disputes
No full textTicari uyuşmazlıklarda olduğu gibi fikri ve sınai mülkiyet alanında tahkim ve diğer alternatif uyuşmazlık çözüm yolları devlet yargısına nazaran daha fazla ilgi çekmeye başlamıştır. Türkiye'de yalnızca fikri ve sınai mülkiyet alanında tahkim hizmeti sunan bir merkez olmamakla beraber söz konusu uyuşmazlıklar açısından mevcut tahkim merkezlerine başvurulmasını engelleyen bir husus yoktur. Elbette ki fikri ve sınai mülkiyet uyuşmazlıklarında ihtiyari tahkim yoluna başvurulabilmesi için uyuşmazlığın tahkime elverişli olması ve taraflar arasında tahkim anlaşmasının yapılması gerekir. Çalışmamız fikri ve sınai mülkiyet alanında ihtiyari tahkime ilişkin olmakla beraber tezimizin birinci bölümünde, fikri ve sınai mülkiyet şemsiye kavramı açıklanacaktır. İlk olarak Fikir ve Sanat Eserleri Kanunu uyarınca eser kavramı, eser olma şartları, eser türleri ve eser sahipliğine ilişkin hususlara değinilecek, daha sonra Sınai Mülkiyet Kanunu kapsamında sınai mülkiyet hakları açıklanacaktır. Tezin ikinci bölümünde, fikri ve sınai mülkiyet haklarının konu olabileceği uyuşmazlıklar açıklanacaktır. Bu uyuşmazlıklar, sözleşme ilişkisinden kaynaklanan uyuşmazlıklar ve sözleşme dışı ilişkilerde doğan uyuşmazlıklar olmak üzere iki grupta incelenecektir. Tezin son bölümünde ise, fikri ve sınai mülkiyet uyuşmazlıkları bakımından tahkim yolu incelenecektir. Tahkim türleri, tahkim sözleşmesi, hakemler ve hakem yargılamasına ilişkin hususlarda genel bilgi verilecektir. Daha sonra, tahkim yolunun fikri ve sınai mülkiyet uyuşmazlıkları bakımından uygulanabilirliğini tespit edebilmek amacıyla tahkime elverişlilik hususuna değinilecektir. Fikri ve sınai mülkiyet alanında tahkim yargılaması incelenecektir. Son olarak, fikri ve sınai mülkiyet uyuşmazlıkları bakımından tahkim hakkında genel bir değerlendirme yapılacaktır.As in commercial disputes, in the field of intellectual property, arbitration and other alternative dispute resolution methods have begun to attract more attention than state jurisdiction. Although there is no centre that provides arbitration services only in the field of intellectual property in Turkey, there is no obstacle to applying to existing arbitration centres in other areas in terms of disputes in question. Of course, in order to apply for optional arbitration in intellectual and industrial property disputes, the dispute must be arbitrable and an arbitration agreement must be concluded between the parties. Our study is about optional arbitration in the field of intellectual property. In the first part of this thesis, the concept of intellectual property umbrella will be explained. First, concept of the work according to Intellectual Property Law, terms to be considered as the work, the types of the work and the ownership terms to the work will be addressed, then in intellectual property rights will be explained under the Intellectual Property Law. In the second part of the thesis, the disputes that may be the subject of intellectual and industrial property rights will be explained. Those disputes will be examined in two groups as those arising from the contractual relationship and those not arising from the contractual relationship. In the last part of the thesis, applicability of the arbitration will be examined in terms of intellectual and industrial property disputes. The concept of arbitration, types of arbitration, arbitration contracts, arbitrators and matters related to arbitral proceedings will be explained. Then, in order to determine the applicability of the arbitration method in terms of intellectual and industrial property disputes, the issue of arbitrability will be mentioned. Finally, a general evaluation will be made about the preference of arbitration in terms of intellectual and industrial property disputes
Parental burnout across the globe during the COVID-19 pandemic
No full textThe COVID-19 pandemic has affected all societies worldwide. The heightened levels of stress that accompanied the crisis were also expected to affect parenting in many families. Since it is known that high levels of stress in the parenting domain can lead to a condition that has severe consequences for health and well-being, we examined whether the prevalence of parental burnout in 26 countries (9,923 parents; 75% mothers; mean age 40) increased during COVID-19 compared to few years before the pandemic. In most (but not all) countries, analyses showed a significant increase in the prevalence of parental burnout during the pandemic. The results further revealed that next to governmental measures (e.g., number of days locked down, homeschooling) and factors at the individual and family level (e.g., gender, number of children), parents in less (vs. more) indulgent countries suffered more from parental burnout. The findings suggest that stricter norms regarding their parenting roles and duties in general and during the pandemic in particular might have increased their levels of parental burnout.Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoe
Roma imparatorluğu döneminden Emevi dönemine: Şam Uu Camii ve çevresindeki kentsel dokunun biçimlenişi
No full textThis research reconstructs the formation process of the Great Mosque of Damascus and the surrounding urban tissues by reinterpreting them as a result of continuous transition from Roman to Umayyad phases. The imperial palace mentioned in early sources, located within the church's enclosure requires further attention (Sack, 1989) as part of the Mosque resembles the layout of a Roman praetorium as well as the arrangement of the palace of Theodoric depicted in the mosaic of St. Apollinare Nuovo in Ravenna (Camiz, 2008). Process-based morphological analysis (Maffei & Maffei, 2018) revealed that the temenos is part of a larger organisation derived from Roman headquarters (Burns, 2003). Similar arrangements of fortified enclosures located at the Strata Diocletiana with the parts of the Mosque and the surrounding urban fabrics supported the presence of partial transformations which took place during inter-transitional phases. Thus, this study hypothesizes that the temple's outer enclosure of the peribolos was enlarged during the empowerment of the military structures in the region under the reign of Emperor Diocletian in late 3rd century. The other part of the study investigates the pre-Islamic building forms and their transformation processes by analysing the current urban context including remaining monuments and examining other building variants in the Syrian region. This part of the study revealed that the inner architectural order of the western side of the Mosque is remarkably similar to the remains of the western arcades still visible outside the walled enclosure. Finally, this study represents phase plan diagrams on the transformation process of the Umayyad Mosque and the surrounding urban tissues by combining historical sources and synthetical morphological analysis observed on the current urban structure as well as the architecture form of the Great Mosque of Damascus.Bu araştırma, Şam Ulu Camii ve çevresindeki kentsel dokuların biçimlenişinin Roma İmparatorluğu döneminden Emevi dönemine kesintisiz bir geçiş sürecinin sonucu olarak yeniden yorumlanmasını amaçlamaktadır. Erken dönem kaynaklarında adı geçen ve kilisenin çevresi içinde yer alan imparatorluk sarayı, caminin bir parçası olarak bir Roma praetorium planını ve Ravenna'daki St. Apollinare Nuovo (Camiz, 2008) mozaiğinde temsil edilen Theodoric sarayı ile biçimsel benzerlikler taşıdığı için detaylı bir araştırma gerektirmektedir (Sack, 1989). Araştırma kapsamında gerçekleştirilen süreç tabanlı morfolojik analiz (Maffei & Maffei, 2018), temenos'un Roma karargahından türetilen daha büyük bir yapının parçası olduğunu ortaya çıkarmıştır (Burns, 2003). Strata Diocletiana'da bulunan caminin bölümleri, çevresindeki kentsel dokular ve sur duvarlarının benzer düzenlemeleri, farklı dönemler arası geçişler sırasında kısmi mekansal dönüşümlerin gerçekleştiği varsayımını desteklemektedir. Yapılan bu tez çalışması sonucunda, 3. yüzyılın sonlarında İmparator Diocletian döneminde bölgedeki askeri yapıların güçlendirilmesi sırasında tapınağın Peribolos'unun (çevre duvarları) genişletilmiş olduğu ortaya koyulmuştur. Çalışmanın ikinci kısmı, Suriye bölgesindeki diğer yapıları ve günümüze ulaşan anıtlar da dahil olmak üzere mevcut kentsel bağlamı analiz ederek İslam öncesi yapı tiplerini ve bunların dönüşüm süreçlerini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu kapsamda caminin batı tarafının iç mimari düzeninin, sur duvarlarıyla çevrili alanın dışında hala görülebilen batı revaklarının kalıntılarına oldukça benzer olduğu ortaya koyulmuştur. Son olarak bu çalışma, Şam Ulu Camii'nin mimari formunun yanı sıra, tarihi kaynaklardan edinilen bilgiler ve mevcut kentsel yapı üzerinde gerçekleştirilen sentetik morfolojik analiz sonuçlarını birleştirerek Emevi Camii ve çevresindeki kentsel dokuların dönüşüm sürecini oluşturan farklı dönemleri gösteren plan şemaları sunmaktadır
Relations between bedtime parenting behaviors and temperament across 14 cultures
No full textObjectives: The present study examined parental sleep-supporting practices during toddlerhood in relation to temperament across 14 cultures. We hypothesized that passive sleep-supporting techniques (e.g., talking, cuddling), but not active techniques (e.g., walking, doing an activity together), would be associated with less challenging temperament profiles: higher Surgency (SUR) and Effortful Control (EC) and lower Negative Emotionality (NE), with fine-grained dimensions exhibiting relationships consistent with their overarching factors (e.g., parallel passive sleep-supporting approach effects for dimensions of NE). Methods: Caregivers (N = 841) across 14 cultures (M = 61 families per site) reported toddler (between 17 and 40 months of age; 52% male) temperament and sleep-supporting activities. Utilizing linear multilevel regression models and group-mean centering procedures, we assessed the role of between- and within-cultural variance in sleep-supporting practices in relation to temperament. Results: Both within-and between-culture differences in passive sleep-supporting techniques were associated with temperament attributes, (e.g., lower NE at the between-culture level; higher within-culture EC). For active techniques only within-culture effects were significant (e.g., demonstrating a positive association with NE). Adding sleep-supporting behaviors to the regression models accounted for significantly more between-culture temperament variance than child age and gender alone. Conclusion: Hypotheses were largely supported. Findings suggest parental sleep practices could be potential targets for interventions to mitigate risk posed by challenging temperament profiles (e.g., reducing active techniques that are associated with greater distress proneness and NE).College of Arts and Sciences, Washington State UniversityPublisher versio
Addendum: Measurement and QCD analysis of double-differential inclusive jet cross sections in proton-proton collisions at √s=13 TeV
No full textThe QCD analysis at NNLO is repeated by using the NNLO interpolation grids for the double-differential inclusive jet cross section [1], which were released after the journal publication of the original analysis. The NNLOJET calculation used to derive these grids is based on the leading-colour and leading-flavour-number approximation and does not include the most recent subleading colour contributions. However, these contributions were reported in ref. [2] to be very small in inclusive jet production, in particular for a jet size of R = 0.7. The grids also contain an estimate of the numerical integration uncertainty of around 1% or less. To account for point-to-point fluctuations, this uncertainty, after consultation with the authors of NNLOJET, has been increased by a factor of two; however, its impact in the fit is negligible. A comparison of the measurement with predictions using various PDFs is shown in figure 1. Although the PDF parametrisation remains identical, higher precision in PDF and QCD parameters is expected by using NNLO grids consistently in the QCD analysis. These new results supersede those obtained by using the k-factor technique.Publisher versio
Correlations of azimuthal anisotropy Fourier harmonics with subevent cumulants in pPb collisions at √sNN = 8.16 TeV
No full textEvent-by-event long-range correlations of azimuthal anisotropy Fourier coefficients
(
v
n
)
in 8.16 TeV
p
Pb
data, collected by the CMS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider, are extracted using a subevent four-particle cumulant technique applied to very low multiplicity events. Each combination of four charged particles is selected from either two, three, or four distinct subevent regions of a pseudorapidity range from
−
2.4
to 2.4 of the CMS tracker, and with transverse momentum between 0.3 and 3.0 GeV. Using the subevent cumulant technique, correlations between
v
n
of different orders are measured as functions of particle multiplicity and compared to the standard cumulant method without subevents over a wide event multiplicity range. At high multiplicities, the
v
2
and
v
3
coefficients exhibit an anticorrelation; this behavior is observed consistently using various methods. The
v
2
and
v
4
correlation strength is found to depend on the number of subevents used in the calculation. As the event multiplicity decreases, the results from different subevent methods diverge because of different contributions of noncollective or few-particle correlations. Correlations extracted with the four-subevent method exhibit a tendency to diminish monotonically toward the lowest multiplicity region (about 20 charged tracks) investigated. These findings extend previous studies to a significantly lower event multiplicity range and establish the evidence for the onset of long-range collective multiparticle correlations in small system collisions.BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); MoER, ERC IUT, PUT, and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); NKFIA (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LAS (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Dubna); MON, RosAtom, RAS, RFBR, and NRC KI (Russia); MESTD (Serbia); SEIDI, CPAN, PCTI, and FEDER (Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); ThEPCenter, IPST, STAR, and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); NASU and SFFR (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Individuals have received support from the Marie Curie programme and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, Contracts No. 675440 and No. 765710 (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A. P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the F. R. S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the "Excellence of Science -EOS" -be.h Project No. 30820817; the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, No. Z181100004218003; the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Lendulet ("Momentum") Programme and the Janos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program UNKP, the NKFIA research Grants No. 123842, No. 123959, No. 124845, No. 124850, No. 125105, No. 128713, No. 128786, and No. 129058 (Hungary); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the HOMING PLUS programme of the Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Regional Development Fund, the Mobility Plus programme of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, the National Science Center (Poland), Contracts No. Harmonia 2014/14/M/ST2/00428, No. Opus 2014/13/B/ST2/02543, No. 2014/15/B/ST2/03998, and No. 2015/19/B/ST2/02861, No. Sonata-bis 2012/07/E/ST2/01406; the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnica de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu, Grant No.
MDM-2015-0509 and the Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias; the Thalis and Aristeia programmes cofinanced by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF; the Rachadapisek Sompot Fund for Postdoctoral Fellowship, Chulalongkorn University and the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project (Thailand); the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (USA).Publisher versio
Low-cycle fatigue behavior of friction stir-welded copper joints
No full textInvestigation of the fatigue response of friction stir-welded (FSWed) joints is especially important in the design and manufacturing of components with exposure to cyclic loading. In this study, cyclic response of FSWed pure copper joints is investigated in the low-cycle fatigue regime. Microstructural characterizations revealed that FSW introduced a severely deformed microstructure in the nugget zone (NZ). Fatigue response was determined at a strain ratio of 0.1 by varying the total strain amplitude from 0.1 to 0.6%. Cyclic softening was observed for the low strain amplitude of 0.1%, whereas hardening was detected at higher strain amplitudes. The hysteresis loops demonstrated symmetricity along with noticeable linear behavior after the reversals. Typical fractures occurred in the heat affected zone (HAZ) rather than the NZ or the base metal due to grain coarsening of the HAZ. Improved cyclic properties of the NZ along with stable behavior up to 1000 cycles at a total strain amplitude of 0.3% were attributed to its fine and homogeneous microstructure. Moreover, fracture surface analysis demonstrated a ductile behavior represented by dimples in the sample strained at 0.1% in contrast with a brittle fracture surface of the sample fatigued at 0.5% strain amplitude.Ozyegin Universit
Şarkı popülaritesi için zamana bağlı gürbüz bir model: kültürler arası bir çalışma
No full textUsage of new generation music streaming platforms such as Spotify and Apple Music has increased rapidly in the last years. Understanding the music preferences of the user base is valuable for these firms, translating into higher customer satisfaction. In this study, we develop and compare several statistical models to quantify the effects of the different factors on music popularity by using acoustic and artist-related features. We compare results from three countries to understand whether there are any cultural differences in how much each of these factors affects song popularity. To compare the results, we use weekly top 200 charts and songs’ acoustic features as data sources. In addition to acoustic features, we add acoustic similarity, genre, song recentness features into the dataset. We apply the Flexible Least Squares (FLS) method and developed Optimal Stepwise Linear Regression (SLR) methods to and observe time-varying regression coefficients. We also propose a regression tree-based heuristic algorithm to solve the SLR problem in a reasonable time. The FLS method tries to keep the differences of adjacent weeks’ coefficients as small as possible. On the other hand, the SLR does not control the variation between consecutive weeks’ coefficients however, it only allows a limited number of coefficient changes over time. Coefficients that we obtain from the FLS method show that we can keep track of the changes of the factors that affect music listening habits and associate real-life events with these changes. Besides, we propose for the SLR method, we can quickly achieve near-optimal solutions which give us clues about the time of the significant changes in the music taste in different countries. Finally, inferences we made with the study may help the music industry grow and contribute to the anthropological fields for discovering socio-cultural/political aspects of the music taste changes.Spotify ve Apple Music gibi yeni nesil m¨uzik akı¸s platformlarının kullanımı son yıllarda hızla artmı¸stır. Kullanıcı tabanının m¨uzik tercihlerini anlamak bu firmalar i¸cin de˘gerlidir ve bu da daha y¨uksek m¨u¸steri memnuniyeti anlamına gelmektedir. Bu ¸calı¸smada, akustik ¨ozellikleri ve sanat¸cılar ile ilgili ¨ozellikleri kullanarak farklı fakt¨orlerin m¨uzik pop¨ularitesi ¨uzerindeki etkilerini ¨ol¸cmek i¸cin ¸ce¸sitli istatistiksel modeller geli¸stirilmi¸s ve kar¸sıla¸stırılmı¸stır. Bu fakt¨orlerin her birinin ¸sarkı pop¨ulerli˘gini ne kadar etkiledi˘gi konusunda herhangi bir k¨ult¨urel farklılık olup olmadı˘gını anla mak i¸cin ¨u¸c ¨ulkeden elde edilen sonu¸cları kar¸sıla¸stırılmı¸stır. Sonu¸cları kar¸sıla¸stırmak i¸cin veri kayna˘gı olarak haftalık ilk 200 ¸sarkı listesi ve ¸sarkıların akustik ¨ozellikleri kullanılmı¸stır. Akustik ¨ozelliklerin yanı sıra akustik benzerlik, t¨ur, ¸sarkı g¨uncelli˘gi ¨ozelliklerini de veri setine eklenmi¸stir. Bu ¸calı¸smada, zamanla de˘gi¸sen regresyon kat sayılarını g¨ozlemlemek i¸cin Esnek En K¨u¸c¨uk Kareler (FLS) ve Optimal A¸samalı Linear Regresyon (SLR) y¨ontemleri uygulanmı¸stır. Ayrıca SLR problemini makul bir s¨urede ¸c¨ozmek i¸cin regresyon a˘gacı tabanlı bir sezgisel algoritma ¨onerilmi¸stir. FLS y¨ontemi, ardı¸sık haftaların katsayı farklarını m¨umk¨un oldu˘gunca k¨u¸c¨uk tutmaya ¸calı¸sır. Ote ¨ yandan, SLR ardı¸sık hafta katsayıları arasındaki de˘gi¸simi kontrol etmez, ancak za man i¸cinde yalnızca sınırlı sayıda katsayı de˘gi¸sikli˘gine izin verir. FLS y¨onteminden elde etti˘gimiz katsayılar, m¨uzik dinleme alı¸skanlı˘gını etkileyen fakt¨orlerin de˘gi¸simini takip edilebildi˘gini ve bu de˘gi¸simlerle ger¸cek ya¸sam olayların ili¸skilendirilebilece˘gi g¨osterilmi¸stir. Ayrıca SLR y¨ontemi i¸cin ¨onerdi˘gimiz sezgisel y¨ontem ile, farklı ¨ulkel erdeki m¨uzik zevkindeki ¨onemli de˘gi¸sikliklerin zamanı hakkında bize ipu¸cları veren optimuma yakın ¸c¨oz¨umlere hızlı bir ¸sekilde ula¸sılabilmi¸stir. Son olarak, ¸calı¸sma ile yaptı˘gımız ¸cıkarımlar, m¨uzik end¨ustrisinin b¨uy¨umesine yardımcı olabilinecei˘gini ve m¨uzik zevki de˘gi¸sikliklerinin sosyo-k¨ult¨urel/politik y¨onlerini ke¸sfetmek i¸cin antropolo jik alanlara katkıda bulunabilinece˘gini g¨ostermi¸stir