Institute of Business Management, Karachi, Pakistan: Journal Management System
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Factors Affecting Employee Performance: An Investigation on Private School Sector
Full text linkEmployees are valuable assets for any organization, and their productivity should be given due consideration, if an organization aims to meet its strategic goals. This can be done through implementation of effective policies for the most contributing determinants of performance of employees. Therefore, this paper studies the factors that affect employee performance significantly, and gauges their direction being positive or negative. The study is based on the case of education sector, specifically the private schools of Pakistan. The sample is drawn from private schools of Karachi, with respondents selected through Convenience Sampling. A qualitative design with Interpretivist approach and case study research strategy is used and 30 employees at Top, Middle and Lower job levels of schools have been interviewed. The instrument used for collecting the data comprises of semi-structured interview questions, the data then organized, coded and developed into themes for conducting the analysis. From our framework of ten factors, compensation, motivation, leadership, working environment, performance appraisal, job experience, and training are found to have significant and positive impact on work performance, while conflict, job stress, and working hours bear significant negative effect on employee work performance. These factors have varied level of impact through the three job levels. In addition to the established framework, eleven new factors were also identified while conducting the interviews and their effect through each employment level was gauged. Conclusively, several recommendations are drawn for the organizations to ensure maximum effectiveness and efficiency of their employees
Should we Build Mega Transport Project in Cities? The Case of TransPeshawar Pakistan
Full text linkThe research indicates that TransPeshawar Project faces a huge gap for its successful completion and implementation due to many reasons which approve the recommendations of BRT studies conducted worldwide. Its aim is to find out the present status and challenges of mega transport projects carried out in four cities of Pakistan. Total budget, numbers of riders and operating cost were analyzed for each project. It is interesting that all of the three completed projects are not earning enough money to support their own operations. They are still getting a huge amount from the government in order to operate smoothly. In a country like Pakistan, neither had they obtained their objectives nor support the government financially but benefit a specific sect one way or the other way. The situation will be even worse for BRT Peshawar. Therefore it is recommended that the government should prefer roads, highways or motorways instead of such mega projects in cities. The research is focused on a single case study of BRT projects of Pakistan, its findings may apply to such projects in other cities in similar economic and political contexts
PATTERNS AND PROCESSES OF LANGUAGE-MIXING IN PAKISTANI URDU NEWSPAPERS
Full text linkMultilingualism has become a significant feature of today’s linguistic scenario. When languages are in contact, one of them tends to dominate the others on account of the role given or due to the attitude of the language users. Language contact results in language-mixing. Language-mixing in formal, written, corpora in Pakistan manifests the spread of English. The present study aimed to investigate frequency of the occurrence of language-mixing in Urdu newspapers. Thus it investigated the extent to which language-mixing is prevalent and the processes it takes when it occurs in Pakistani Urdu newspapers. Two Urdu newspapers (published in morning) were taken (from February 1 to 15, 2014) as sample. The data from Urdu newspapers for linguistic analysis were analyzed through content analysis. The findings of the study showed that language-mixing is frequently done in Urdu newspapers and it takes various processes-insertion, hybridization and synthesis
Volatile Discretionary Public Spending and Economic Growth: A Comparative Evidence of Developed and Developing Countries
No full textDiscretionary public spending has diverse implications for overall economic performance of the economies. In this study, we examine the impact of volatile discretionary public spending on economic growth for a panel of selected countries. The panel comprises 55 countries while covering a period from 1985 to 2014. By employing the Generalized Method of Moment (GMM), we find that the volatility in discretionary public spending inversely affects economic growth in the aggregate list of our sample countries. Onwards, we decompose our sample into developing and developed countries. In case of developing countries, the results remain intact, i.e. discretionary spending volatility has severe implications for economic growth. However, the impact appears insignificant in developed countries. This suggests that countries which are following the smooth public spending policy or operating under certain fiscal rule are immune to the adverse consequences of volatility in public spending
Strategic Consistency, Flexibility and Reactors: A Comparative Analysis
No full textThere is debate in the literature that whether firms should adapt consistent or flexible strategy for competitive advantage? The proponents of both arguments provide substantial evidence in their favour. This study aims to investigate the strategy-performance relationship in this context using financial data of joint stock firms from textile sector of Pakistan applying Miles and Snow typology. The results show that majority of the firms are adapting strategic consistency. Firms with consistency in their strategies produced better results than firms following flexible strategies. Both consistent and flexible strategies outperformed reactors. Although, there is variation in the performance of the strategic types due to the variation in firm size, the effect of firm size is not significant
Testing ERE Cycle in Teaching Business Communication Courses: Experiential Learning Strategies
Full text linkEffective Communication Skills demonstrate the capacity and efficacy of any business graduate. These skills allow the business students to express and utilize their knowledge to benefit any organization. However, the business industry have continuously raised their concerns on the lack of effective oral and written communication skills to serve the requirements of rapidly growing communication within and outside organizations. Among many factors, teaching methods, at higher education, have been identified that did not allow developing working skills to their full effects. Therefore, many methods have been developed and tested around the world to increase the necessary skills among business students. Scholars and researchers have tried to explore and test Experiential Learning (EL) techniques in teaching different courses of business administration programs. In the past few decades EL techniques have frequently been used in business pedagogies. EL theory presents a playfield where learners can learn the best by doing (Kolb, 1984). The traditional teaching pedagogies have proved insufficient to cater the needs of the learners and corporate world. Although business education around the world has already inculcated EL strategies into its system; however, in Pakistan EL theory is at its initial stage and the trainers and teachers are striving to find out appropriate tools and strategies to effectively utilize the theory. In this regard, the researcher developed an ERE cycle which was based on Kolb’s (1984) EL theory and tested its impact on the grades of the students oral and written communication skills. The study was conducted using one sample t-test in the paradigm of quantitative research. Three classes of BBA and MBA were selected for this study who were studying Oral and written communication courses. This research compared mean scores of these three classes with the population mean of the last three years. The results showed a significant positive difference between the sample mean scores and population mean. The study proved that EL based ERE cycle could prove very effective in enhancement of the skills of business communication students that was reflected in their performance in exams. The study would provide communication faculty, trainers and institutes to explore and utilize the effectiveness of ERE cycle and perform further researches to extend the utilities of EL based teaching methods. Keywords: business communication, business administration, ERE cycle,experiential learning, higher educatio
Audience Preferences and Popular Program Patterns on News Channels in Karachi
Full text linkThis research aims to study the factors that influence the viewership of leading Pakistani News Channels including Dunya, Samaa, Express, Geo and ARY. It examines the impact of content, presentation style, channel positioning and anchors, alongside overall news viewing patterns, on the public image of the identified news channels and their viewership with focus on Express News. Following a qualitative research approach, a representative sample of 51 news viewers is identified and interviewed, with a proportionate weight to geographical areas and socio-economic classification of the audience, based on recent Census and People’s meter, an audience measurement tool. The respondents are investigated through a comprehensive questionnaire, comprised both closed and open-ended questions. This study focuses on three categories of viewers including Express News Viewers, Express-News Lapsers and Competitive Channels Viewers. One-on-one interviews reflect the mindset and viewing patterns of news channels’ audience. It is also instrumental to highlight the factors that hinder Express-News ratings against its competing channels. Findings of the study indicate that the programme content, presentation style, and cable positioning of news channels significantly influence its viewership that results in the quantum of recall for Express-News, and how its viewership and ratings are presumably affected by the very factors
Dormant Account Reactivation at Al–Shajar Capital
Full text linkThe case study highlights the importance of finding a simple and cost effective solution to a core business problem. It elaborates the cost effective approach of Al-Shajar Capital’s Management in reactivating its dormant client base in order to capitalize the post Polling Stock Market rally. In order to analyze its dormant client base, Al-Shajar Capital remodeled the exercise as a capstone project and awarded it to final year MBA students of IoBM-CBM. The study used a modified form of Doreén Pick’s Customer win back model to reactivate customers’ accounts, not actively trading in the market. A five-week, non-scripted warm calling session was conducted, followed by a detailed report and formal presentation. Due to operational issues and human resource limitation, the exercise was conducted on weekends. The study was a success as not only it was able to revert and activate majority of dormant client accounts but also left a positive impression on many non-returning clients
The Impact of Corporate Governance on Firm Value: The Case of Small, Medium, and Large Cap Firms
No full textThis article seeks to explore the value relevance of firm level Corporate Governance (CG) practices. The sample of the study consists of 200 firms listed at the ‘Pakistan Stock Exchange’ for the period 2003 to 2014. The results reveal that CG plays a major role in effecting market valuation of corporate firms in Pakistan. We also show that a firm market value varies with the level of its insiders’ ownership, and the pattern of valuation differs relying jointly on CG and insiders’ ownership. The firm is rewarded with higher valuation if it has high CG but lower management ownership, however if the firm has predominant ownership but meanwhile its CG is weak, its firm value is lower. These results further document that in a weak legal protection country such as Pakistan investors look for other indicators such as CG and insiders’ ownership as a guide for seeking additional protection for their investment.
The Loss in Meaning: Influence of Strategy Language’s and Modern Financial Discourse on the Working Concepts in Islamic Banking and Finance
No full textThis paper employs Wittgenstein language-games to analyze strategy language used by leaders of Islamic finance industry to envision its future. The analysis infers that the explicit market orientation of strategy language and modern knowledge of finance has redefined various concepts related of Islamic finance at the cost of its original spirit. This may also have adverse effects on developing ethical and spiritual orientation of Islamic banks. The concerned academia and scholarship therefore need to review such trends and work to prevent the subsequent degradation in the public image of IFIs to avoid disappointments of religiously inspired customers.