Institute of Business Management, Karachi, Pakistan: Journal Management System
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Measuring the Impact of Venture Financing on Entrepreneurship and Job Creation: A Case Study of Sindh
No full textThis study analyses the total jobs created as the result of entrepreneurial activity as well as total entrepreneurs establish each year. The significance of entrepreneurship in the job market is well recognized by researchers, policymakers, analyst and different authors. Different methods are used to collect data related to these variables such as for total university pass-out students, secondary data from bureau of statistics; entrepreneurial intention data from questionnaire and for exit of entrepreneur’s data from expert opinion. Data analysis techniques also differed since for university pass-outs growth model; entrepreneurial intention one sample t test and for exit of entrepreneurs content analysis are conducted. Variables were then added to final mathematical model to extract the total entrepreneurs and jobs created by them each year. The result obtained is very encouraging as for first year 33,8827 jobs are recorded, which keeps on increasing and reaches a respectable figure of 3,035,229.26 by 2018
CNFU for Consumers of Karachi-A Second Order CFA Modeling Approach
No full textIn the consumer realm, it has been established that high NFU individuals have stronger preferences for unique products relative to low NFU individuals. The CNFU scale used in this study was originally developed by Tian et al (2001) comprising 31 items using 5-point likert scale (1 = strongly agree to 5 = strongly disagree). The three constructs underlying CNFU are Creative Choice counterconformity (CC); Unpopular Choice counterconformity (UC); and Avoidance of Similarity (AS). The latent causal structure was a second-order factor model in which these three constructs of CNFU are first-order latent factor models all converging to a second-order factor model termed as CNFU. The convergence of observed variables into latent constructs was found to be plausible. All respective hypotheses were accepted that respective observed variables converge to their latent respective variables. The final hypothesis related to the second-order CFA was also found to be acceptable that the latent variables viz. Creative Choice counterconformity, Unpopular Choice counterconformity, and Avoidance of Similarity have a considerable bearing on the second-order latent variable, Need for Uniqueness (NFU). This shows that self esteem driven need for uniqueness exists in Karachi implying need of consumers for differentiated products offered by marketers
Relationship of Organizational politics, Organizational support, Transformational leadership and other Work Related Factor with Turnover Intention among University Teachers
No full textAbstractThe current study investigated the relationship of perceived organizational politics, organizational support, transformational leadership, organizational commitment, organizational citizenship behavior, job satisfaction and job stress with turnover intention among 450 (278 males and 172 females) university teachers from public and private sector universities in Pakistan. Pearson moment correlation analysis and t-test were computed to investigate the relationship between study variables. Results showed that turn over intention was positively related perceived organizational politics and job stress and it was found to be negatively related to perceived organizational support, transformational leadership, organizational commitment, organizational citizenship behavior and job satisfaction. Multiple regression analysis was also computed to assess the predictive relationship of above mentioned variables with turnover intention. It was also founds that males scored higher perceived organizational politics and job stress while females were found to have higher perception about their leaders to be transformational and were more committed to their organizations
Democracy versus Dictatorship: An Empirical Investigation of Determinants of Unemployment
No full textThis study identifies the main factors responsible for high unemployment rate in Pakistan during the period of 1977-2012 with particular interest in the role of political structure. Sample period has been divided into two regimes i.e. democratic and dictatorship using a dummy variable. Johansen co-integration test and error correction model have been applied to determine the factors of unemployment. The results reveal that investment growth reduces the unemployment rate both in short run and long run. Real GDP growth reduces the unemployment rate only in long run. Moreover, the study presents a surprising finding that unemployment rate in democratic regime remains significantly higher than that in dictatorship. The study also discusses some important policy implications and recommendations for future studies
Antecedents of Trust: A Case study between Karachi and Dubai Facebook Shoppers
Full text linkIn the adoption of online shopping, the main issue faced by consumers is the development of trust. Consumers are unable to physically examine the products before making a purchase. The study aims to find out the factors that develop trust in Facebook shopping through case study analysis. A designed questionnaire was circulated to gather the data from participants. The participants included in the study were the shoppers of Facebook. An aggregate of 270 structured questionnaires was circulated in Karachi and Dubai out of which 225 were considered in the study. For the data analyses, demographic statistics frequency and bar chart and descriptive statistics, have been applied. The study concludes that online firms need to design separate strategies plus framework and for both the cities. Countries despite having similar cultural values vary greatly due to geographical distances. Online suppliers must focus on developing interpersonal trust by providing exchange and return policies to consumers that will reduce the risk to an extent and build trust between the store and Facebook shoppers
STUDYING THE ORGANIZATIONAL LEARNING AND ORGANIZATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS AMONG THE CELLULAR COMPANIES OF PAKISTAN
No full textThis study has attempted to investigate the relationship between the organizational learning and organizational effectiveness. A conceptual model has been developed in light of posed research questions. The population of this research study was (05) Cellular companies. Using simple random sampling strategy, research instrument was distributed among a sample of 500 middle managers. The relationships of variables were tested using Andrew Hayes (2014) Process Regression Metho
DETERMINANTS OF EDUCATIONACHIEVEMENTS IN PAKISTAN
No full textThe study estimates the determinants of education achievement by employing Censored Ordered Probit model using the PSLM data 2010/11. The results depict that mother education has more prominent effects on children’s education achievement than father education. The gender wise results indicate that the father education has more effects on boys’ education achievement while the mother education has more effects on girls’ education achievement. The relationship between age of children and education achievement is of inverted ‘U’ shaped. The results show that land ownership and income have significant positive effects on education achievement. School distance and household size are major problems for children education achievements especially for girls. The study also finds that boys have more chances of education achievements than girls in rural, urban and overall Pakistan. Regional level results show that children have more chances of education achievements in urban areas as compared to rural areas of Pakistan. The study suggests that there should be more emphasize on school education achievement especially for girls who are going to become mother tomorrow especially in rural areas. The government should enhance awareness to control family size and provide schools nearest to the homes of children. The land reforms should be reconsidered and economic growth enhancing policies should be adopted
Discount Rate Changes and Industry Stock Returns in Pakistan
No full textThis study examines the short-term and the long-term effect of discount rate changes made by State Bank of Pakistan on aggregate market and industry stocks’ returns in Pakistan over the period 2005 to 2014. Findings suggest that the market and the various sector returns in Pakistan do not react significantly on the days when interest rates are changed. The aggregate market and various sectors do perform better during the low-rate period, but there is no evidence of significant inverse relationship between the changes in the discount rate and the market or sector returns. Finally, the financial sector of Pakistan which operates in a less competitive environment, earns positive returns following the rate increase and negative returns following the rate decrease but these returns are not statistically significant
Socially Responsible Identity: Linking Corporate Social Responsibility, Strategic Implementation and Quality Performance
No full textCurrent research analyzes the impact of strategic implementation of CSR in the projection of socially responsible identity which has positive effects on the quality performance of the organization. Based on extensive literature review, theoretical framework was developed to analyze the role of CSR in projection of socially responsible identity and its impact on quality performance. For this purpose, non-probability sampling procedures were applied for data collection. Statistical tests like pearson’s correlations and regression analysis has been used to analyze the impact of socially responsible identity on quality performance of the organization. Findings of the study showed that CSR dimensions helps out in projection of SRI, If these dimensions are implemented strategically and largely this contributes in the quality performance of a corporation in long term thus qualifying the notion that CSR is a strategic investment that has trickledown effect can be seem over the period of time.
An Autobiographical Study of Language Teacher’s Perceived Psychological Dynamics: Methodological Issues and Insights
Full text linkPsychological research in second language acquisition (SLA) is a growing field. Much of this research has primarily focused on examining the language learner with comparatively little emphasis on exploring the language teacher. Moreover, psychological research informed by process-oriented approaches views individuals’ psychological constructs stable individual difference variables. Recently, there has been a growing interest in the complex dynamic systems perspective, which has led researchers to focus increasingly on the dynamic nature of individuals’ psychological variables. This study explores the psychological dynamics of two male participants working at tertiary-level as English language teachers in Pakistan over the long-term timescale of years. Data were generated using autobiographical narratives. An inductive approach, which is inspired by Grounded Theory was then used to analyze the data. The findings demonstrate both stability and change in teachers’ experiences, thus suggesting the dynamic nature of their psychology. The paper concludes by discussing the methodological challenges facing future research on individual’s psychological dynamics.Keywords: autobiographical narratives, complexity perspective, dynamism,English language teachers, psycholog