Institute of Business Management, Karachi, Pakistan: Journal Management System
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School Heads’ Perceptions About Their Leadership Styles
Full text linkThis study explores school heads’ perceptions regarding their school leadership styles. The study adopted qualitative design. The sample of the study consisted of 10 male and 10 female head teachers from Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. Findings revealed that school heads adopted a number of leadership styles. The main leadership styles found included instructional leadership, transformational leadership and moral leadership. These different leadership styles were adopted keeping in view the need of the different situations that heads found themselves working in. The study has important implications for school management, school teachers, researchers and policy makers.Keywords: instructional leadership, moral leadership, school leadership,transformation leadershi
Activity-Based Teaching, Student Motivation and Academic Achievement
Full text linkThis research was conducted to determine the effects of activity-based teaching on student motivation and academic achievement. Pretest and post-test control group design of experimental research was employed for this study. Two MCQ achievement tests were used as research tools for the data collection as pre-test and post-test. The first step in this project was to gather information about what motivates students to learn. Pre-test was conducted from both groups and results were tabulated. The second step of the project was to examine the effect of hands-on activities on student motivation and for analysis MCQ achievement test was used along with specially designed work sheets from both groups. T-test was used to analyze the data. The results of this study showed that a majority of students’ scores increased in experimental group as compared to the control group. The mean value indicated that participants from experimental group showed more achievement in post-test 15.6, while the control group students scored 10.7. The post-lesson survey showed that the majority students found the activity based teaching to be more interesting than lecture based teaching.Keywords: activity based learning, student motivation, constructivist approach, students’ achievement
Stimulating Unceremonious Mobile Learning: An Empirical Study of Business Students
Full text linkThe widespread use of mobile technology by students as well as teachers leads the educationalists and researchers to explore its effects on the learning and teaching behaviour of students and teachers. The present study attempts to combine the determinants (such as Enjoyment, self-efficacy, system quality and information, avoiding uncertainty, and usefulness and easy to use) and subsequently evaluate them to explore the integration of IT in classroom instruction and its effects on the learning achievement of students. Using experimental approach of quantitative research paradigm, it tested the variable “academic performance of business students” by obtaining the achieved scores of business students in Mid Term and Final Term examination before and after the exposure of students to m-learning. The result found in the study demonstrates a statistically significant improvement in the scores achieved by students after the exposure of students to m-learning as compared to the traditional classes. Therefore, it is suggested that with the implementation of the m-learning within the higher education institutes in Pakistan, particularly business schools, will more likely to increase students’ learning
Highlighting the Dynamics of the Game-Changer: Empirical Evidence from Stock Markets of the Key Players
Full text linkChina Pakistan Economic Corredore (CPEC), a predictive game-changer, was perceived to bring favourable changes in the economy of both its players. It was claimed that a boost shall be seen in each sector of the economy especially for Pakistan. Highlighting this key assumption, this study attempts to conduct a comparative analysis of PSX and Shanghai returns for pre and post announcement of CPEC. The time-series data of the two indices i.e. PSX-100 and Shanghai Stock Exchange Composite Index (SHCOMP) is selected ranging from 4th January 2010 to 2nd January 2019. The comparative analysis of both the economy indicates significant difference t(2220.237) = 2.872, p = 0.004 before CPEC-announcement and this difference becomes insignificant post-CPEC announcement t(1654.132) = 0.315, p = 753. Whereas, individual analysis of returns of both the economies indicated a significant change for PSX-100 t(1038) = 2.050, p = 0.041 but for SHCOMP this change is not significant t(1008) = -0.697, p = 0.486. The findings of the study reflect the potentials of CPEC to bring changes in Pakistani Stock market than a mature market of China
Game of Eyeballs: What Should Be Above and Below the Fold of an E-Commerce Website: A Biometric Study
Full text linkWith the advent of Web 2.0, there has been a comprehensive paradigm shift in the way people communicate and interact on the web. While the time before the Y2K focused on unilateral communication from the website owners to the viewers; the modern era has brought with it a whole new dimension of how organizations interact with their customers and prospects online. One of the major components of this ecosystem is the buzzing industry of E-Commerce. Today, amongst the top five most swiftly growing industries globally E-commerce is one of them. Organizations have made a beeline to market their products online to get their fair share of the online tech savvy customers. In Pakistan, the E-Commerce marketplace is set to cross the magical USD1Billion this year. It is a big feat in a country where online payments are still not applicable and most of the business is done on Cash on Delivery. The purpose of this research is to narrow down on the subliminal and overt factors which contribute to making an E-Commerce platform/website stand out. The study takes into account the neurological factors that include eye tracking as well as emotional recognition tools to study how online consumers interact with the particular website. The results revealed very interesting facts about how users interact with a particular E-Commerce website where findings revealed that most of the attention is given to data above the fold while screen flashers are the most premium real estate for these websites. Additionally the space below the fold should not be ignored by these websites since most of the shoppers scroll down unconsciously. In order to promote engagement these websites should focus on promoting discounts and sales messages
Why Do Firms Decide To Go Public? A Case Study of Karachi Stock Exchange
No full textThis study empirically examines the motivations of going public decision. This study used pre-IPO characteristics and ex-post consequences of IPO firms to address the exceeding research objective. This study used a sample of 70 newly listed firms during 2000 to 2014 on Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE). In this study, a panel probit regression model is used to estimate the impact of fundamental factors on going public decision. The results of this analysis reveal that larger-size firms, carrying high sales growth, more profitable, industry MTB ratio, and firms related general trade industry come into sight are significant determinants. Furthermore, this study also examined ex-post consequences of IPO firms by comparing with the same pre-IPO characteristics by using ‘Wilcoxon two-sample signed rank’ test. The results of this investigation reveal that: Going public decision is used (i) to dilute ownership, risk diversification, and reduction in external monitoring (ii) to finance their future investments and expansions, and (iii) to rebalance their capital structur
The English/Urdu-Medium Divide in Pakistan: Consequences for Learner Identity and Future Life Chances
Full text linkBoth Urdu, the national language of Pakistan, and English the official language are widely used for spoken and written communication in different contexts in Pakistan. In education; however, a linguistic divide is evident in the two-stream system of education - mainly referred to as Urdu medium and English medium - according to the dominant language of instruction in an institutional setting. Urdu medium schools are normally the state schools providing free education to the poorer communities while the English medium schools are private fee-paying schools for the economically well-off sections of society. This disparity in the educational system has loaded the labels English medium and Urdu medium with a range of meanings that constitute self and other’s perceptions of identity, in addition to signaling linguistic capital, particularly in terms of proficiency in English. This paper reports findings of a small-scale qualitative study undertaken to understand how students at a higher education public-sector institution in Pakistan experience and construct their own and others’ identities in relation to their previous and current educational and social experiences of language learning and use. Insights gained from this study further our understanding of how linguistic inequalities can be sanctioned by the state’s language policy and related practices.Keywords: English/Urdu as medium of instruction, identity, language policy,linguistic capital, linguistic inequality, Urdu-medium
Issues and Challenges in Managing Catering and Food Retail Business in Karachi: Study of Tikka Inn Caterers
Full text linkCatering Business is one of the fastest growing businesses hence managing this with limited resources in tough market conditions is a big challenge for entrepreneurs. Same is valid for Pakistan where the industry is dominated by giants like Hanif Rajput Caterers and United Caterers etc. Tikka-Inn is treated as one of the new and fastest growing parts of the industry. Therefore this study has been purposively designed on Tikka-Inn, in order to demonstrate the challenges pertaining to new entrepreneurs. Hence in order to validate findings of the case, data achieved through systematic interviews has been linked with the company’s records and available research literature. After all the association and validation findings of the study indicated that scarcity of financial resources is still a major issue for the entrepreneurs coupled with the intense level of competition, conditions of the city and regularity issues which entails entrepreneurs to device proper mechanism to overcome these hurdles especially in the category of catering and food retail business
Modernization of Education in Pakistan: A Case Study
Full text linkAbstractThe developing world is grappling with diverse educational trends in their quest to become globalized and to keep pace with the developed world. This quest is by no means the prime motivator. What is of importance is the development of the nation in terms of the moral, political, socio-economic, and cultural perspective. Education theories which emerged in the efforts for the ‘modernization’ of education, namely the Common World Educational Culture Theory and the Globally Structured Agenda for Education Theory have been the subject of evolution over time with the present trends favoring post modern education or as it may be simplified, ‘experiential learning’, that is, learning by doing. The developing world is grappling with these educational trends. This paper attempts to examine the ‘modernization’ of education in Pakistan with reference to an institution selected for the purpose of the study. In this context a premier business institution has been considered as a point of reference and its curriculum and education philosophy have been examined through document analysis to determine what education theory it subscribes to and what its aims are in the future. The document analysis of the catalog and curriculum led to the conclusion that the education philosophy of the institution is modern; however, extracurricular activities are inclined to be postmodern
Cointegration Between Islamic and Conventional Stock Markets: An Investigation of Diversification
No full textAfter the financial crisis 2007-08 the benefit of diversification had becomes a question mark. Academic Researchers and Institutional investors were looking for the remedies. In this process Islamic equity market emerge as a valuable alternative. This study investigates the co-integration between Islamic and conventional stock markets in Asia Pacific region. DJIMAP index is taken as Islamic benchmark which track the performance of 14 countries in Asian Pacific region. It is found that DJIMAP is co-integrated with HANGSENG, KOSPI, STI and TWSE index Taiwan. Pairwise investing in these stock markets the benefit of diversification cannot achieved. However DJIMAP is not co-integrated with BSE SENSEX , COLOMBO , JKSE, KLSE, NIKKE 225, KSE 100, ASX200, NZ50 and with SHANGAI exchange China. So pairwise investing in these stock markets investor can diversified risk