Institute of Business Management, Karachi, Pakistan: Journal Management System
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AN APPRAISAL OF FERENBACH AND PINNEY’S ‘NEW SOCIAL CONTRACT’
Get PDFThis paper offers an outline of a ‘new’ social contractenvisaged by Ferenbach and Pinney (2012), and establishes itscritical appraisal elucidating the inaccuracy of their assertionsincluding the one, which is erroneously dubbed as a ‘new’ socialcontract, purportedly, not based on any ideology. Thus, the discreetembeddedness of the ‘new’ social contract in ideological and politicalperspectives is explicitly exposed. In fact, the suggested ‘new’ socialcontract is more or less a continuation or an extension of the pervasiveneoliberal ideology. The proposed social contract may at the most beviewed as a new variant of neoliberal ideology. It is also observedthat the proposed integration of CSV (creating shared value) withbusiness in the context of proposed social contract is on the whole adisguised strategic CSR (corporate socia
Effects of CO 2 Emission on Health & Environment: Evidence from fuel ssources in Pakistani Industry
Get PDFClimate change, resulting from an increasing concentration of Gases (CO2, SO2 and NO2) in the atmosphere caused by the use of fossil fuels in the industry, is now an established phenomenon and its effects on health have been observed in most parts of the world including Pakistan. The environmental concerns of Pakistan are associated with the adverse impact of expansion in population, change in the living norms of individuals, modern advancement and construction of house schemes, increment in transportation, no public awareness of environmental related education, mismanagement of natural resources, widely unplanned urban and industrial expansions are the core hard issues. Studies of air and water have revealed an alarming air quality especially in most urban and industrial areas and also serious deterioration of surface and ground water quality was identified. The reason for this degradation is emission of CO2 from the industrial sector. This investigation is to identify the contribution in fuelsources like solid, liquid and gas in the industries with overall emission of CO2 in the atmosphere and itsimpact on human healt
Principal Component Analysis to Explore Climate variability of Pakistan
Get PDFVarious studies have reported that global warming causes unstableclimate and many serious impact to physical environment and publichealth. The climatic or environmental structure data was processedby coding, editing, tabulating, recoding, restructuring in terms of retabulating was carried out.Applying different statistical methods,techniques and procedures for the evaluation.To study the globalwarming effects on overall environmental conditions of Pakistan.Annual data of maximum and minimum temperature of four provincialcapitals have been taken from 1947 to 2012. The data isconsideredasrepresentative environmental components, use for further analysis.Time series plot shows difference of behaviors in maximum andminimum temperatures of Karachi and Lahore while bend of Quettaindicates increasing trend and Peshawar shows flat and smooth. Thefit of trend line, maximum temperature of Karachi, has significantregression coefficient b = 0.0504 with p-value 0.000 and R2equal to70.2%. The minimum temperature has decreasing trend but it isinsignificant. The data of Lahore shows decreasing and increasingtrends for maximum and minimum temperatures respectively showsthe differences reducing with the passage of time and expected tohave cooler weather than the past. Quetta and Peshawar temperaturesfit of trend lines and graphs, revealed that both cities getting warmerwith the passage of time.Principal component analysis is performedfor the purpose of finding if there is/are any general environmentalfactor/structure which could be considered as Pakistani climateThe PC1 is constructed by six manifest variables and represent theenvironmental factor called as “Index of Pakistan weather”. Explain42.74% of the total variation. The time series plot of this index seemsto have increasing trend. The PC2 represents the temperature ofKarachi, Quetta and Lahore. PC3 is the contrast between of minimumand maximum temperature. PC4 represents complex contrast betweenmaximum and minimum temperature explain 9.0% of total variation oftemperature. PC5 represent contrast between Karachi and Peshawarweather and its contribution to the total or overall variation of Pakistaniweather is only 3.5%
EVALUATING ADVERTISING EFFECTIVENESS OF CREATIVE TELEVISION ADVERTISEMENTS FOR HIGH INVOLVEMENT PRODUCTS
Get PDFThis study investigates advertising effectiveness ofcreative TV advertisements (Ads) for high involvement products. Themajority of such studies have been conducted using low involvementproducts. There is a need to conduct a research to find out theeffectiveness of creative advertisements for high involvement products.This study will fill this knowledge gap. This study aimed at measuringthe impact of creativity in Ads on Attitude toward Advertisement,Unaided Recall and Purchase intention. It involved 94 universitystudents in an experimental research. Paired sample t-test was usedfor evaluating creative and control Ads .Data analysis reveals thatcreative Ads are better than control Ads in generating favorableattitude toward ad and high Ad recall but equally ineffective inpersuading customers to buy. Binary logistic regression showed smallrole of creativity in causing high Ad recall while multiple regressionanalysis confirmed the supremacy of creative Ads for forming afavorable attitude toward A
INTELLIGENCE AND MANAGERIAL PERFORMANCE: AN INTERACTIVE ROLE OF KNOWLEDGE SHARING CULTURE
Get PDFIndubitably, business organizations have gained competitiveedge by promoting intelligence skills and knowledge-sharingbehaviors to develop human capital. Therefore, intelligence skillsand fostering knowledge-sharing behaviors have received focused attention from knowledge management practitioners, top managements, strategic managers, policy makers, business leaders, and organizational consultants with the objective of improving managers’ performance level in the workplace. The focus of this investigation is to examine the influence of multiple types of intelligence on managerial performance in the context of the banking sector in a developing country. Furthermore, this investigation aims to examine the interactive role of knowledge-sharing culture in the association between multiple intelligence types and managerial performance. The cluster and simple random sampling technique have been used for data collection. Self-administrated questionnaires have been used to gather responses from 254 employees in managerial positions in Pakistan’s banking sector. The study results indicate thepositive impacts of cognitive, social, emotional, and culturalintelligence on managerial performance. The interactive impacts of knowledge-sharing culture strengthen the relationship betweenintelligence skills and managerial performance
STRATEGY FORMULATION, STRATEGY CONTENT AND PERFORMANCE: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM PRIVATE SECTOR ORGANIZATIONS IN PAKISTAN
Get PDFThis study tests the effects of strategy formulation and strategycontent on the organizational performance by using the frameworksuggested by Andrews, Boyne, Law and Walker (2009). Theindependent variable strategy formulation includes rationalplanning, logical instrumentalism and strategy process absence;whereas the independent variable strategy content, following thestudy of Miles and Snow (1978), includes prospecting, defendingand reacting. Three hundred and twenty five questionnaires weredistributed of which two hundred and seventeen were selected forinclusion in the study. The sample drawn was from organizationsspread across Pakistan. The unit of analysis was departments as eachdepartment has a different strategy. Results show that rationalplanning affected positively while logical incrementalism and strategyabsence negatively affect organizational performance. While forstrategy content, prospector, defenders and reactors were found to bepositively significant with organizational performance. Implicationsand future recommendations are provided
On Shewhart Control Charts for Zero-Truncated Negative Binomial Distributions
Get PDFThe negative binomial distribution (NBD) is extensively used for thedescription of data too heterogeneous to be fitted by Poissondistribution. Observed samples, however may be truncated, in thesense that the number of individuals falling into zero class cannot bedetermined, or the observational apparatus becomes active when atleast one event occurs. Chakraborty and Kakoty (1987) andChakraborty and Singh (1990) have constructed CUSUM andShewhart charts for zero-truncated Poisson distribution respectively.Recently, Chakraborty and Khurshid (2011 a, b) have constructedCUSUM charts for zero-truncated binomial distribution and doublytruncated binomial distribution respectively. Apparently, very littlework has specifically addressed control charts for the NBD (see, forexample, Kaminsky et al., 1992; Ma and Zhang, 1995; Hoffman, 2003;Schwertman. 2005).The purpose of this paper is to construct Shewhart control chartsfor zero-truncated negative binomial distribution (ZTNBD). Formulaefor the Average run length (ARL) of the charts are derived and studiedfor different values of the parameters of the distribution. OC curvesare also drawn
A note on the Probability that first component fails before the second component
Get PDFThe reliability (unreliability) and life testing are important topics in the field of engineering, electronic, medicine, economic and many more, where we are interested in, life of components, human organs, subsystem and system. Statistically, a probability distribution failure time (life time) of a certain form is usually assumed to give reliability of a component for a system for each time t. Some well known parametric life time models (T ≥ 0) are Exponential, Weibull, Inverse Weibull, Gamma, Lognormal, normal ( T>0 ; left truncated ) etc. In this paper we consider a system that, has two components with independent but non-identical life time probabilities explained by two distinct random variables say T1 and T2 , where T1 has a constant hazard rate and T2 has an increasing hazard respectivel
Analyzing Human Communities using Fuzzy Graphs
Get PDFFuzzy Graphs are used for analyzing and modeling levels of informationin real-time systems (simple or complex networks). A community(network) is formed when human eProfiles (nodes) have links (edges)and interactions with each other. Considering multiple medium ofcommunications like email, chatting and short message service (SMS)in the network, it will make the graph more complex (dense graph orforest). To address this issue in this paper analyzes those humancommunities with the help of fuzzy graphs and highlights the status ofindividuals in a human community. Max-Min Composition (fuzzyrelation) was applied along with statistical analysis on fuzzy graphs ofhuman community. Interaction Index (II) is used to estimate the intensityof communication and Role Index (RI) determine the participation statusof individual in a human community. All this analysis will be used inour research and development of Community Algorithm, which will beused as a tool that will help in identifying, analyzing, manipulating,monitoring, and transforming human communities based on humaneProfiles