Institute of Business Management, Karachi, Pakistan: Journal Management System
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Advancement in GSM Network to Access Cloud Services
Full text linkCloud services are offering a large number of utilities to the mobile users. Mobile users can share, store, develop, compute and many other services on the cloud. Due to extensive utilization of cloud services by the mobile users, security concerns are also evolving with the same pace. Among different security problems, secure access to the cloud services (cloud data utilization, data storage) is also a difficult and challenging task. This paper highlights the security concerns, particularly addresses the issue of secure access to cloud infrastructure, Such as access the cloud services securely by the mobile users. As Elastic Cloud Computing is valid only for Amazon, MLaden model is theoretical based model and not implemented practically, Wayne model enhances the end user security but not proposed tool for practical implementation. Intention of this paper is to propose mechanism to securely access the cloud services using GSM band. Only defined frequency band of GSM will provide the access to the cloud services. Users will be restricted to use the particular frequency to access the cloud services
Performance Comparison of DSR and AODV Routing Protocols for Soft Delay Deadlines in Wireless Multimedia Sensor Network
Full text linkWireless Multimedia Sensor Network (WMSN) is a collection of the vast amount of different types of sensors like camera sensor, video and scalar sensors which are involved in retrieving multimedia data from the large environment. The real-time sending of video and audio content to the destination before a strict playout deadline has been necessary for multimedia environment. Otherwise, it will be dropped at the destination. In WMSN sending real time multimedia data with soft play deadlines is a challenging task to solve this challenge, routing protocols play an important role in WMSN. Routing demands of multimedia content of WMSNs need to be perfect routing protocols to optimize path selection and guarantee communication. This paper presents a performance comparison between two reactive routing protocols; namely AODV and DSR, with soft delay deadlines and efficient utilization of resources in WMSN. The objective is to assess the real-time behavior of these two protocols upon sending multimedia content. Here, we evaluate the performance with respect to the use of these matrices like latency, Average jitter, Average delay and throughput and factors includes are CBR and multimedia traffic with varying packet size and bandwidth. DSR perform better as compared to AODV routing protocol since it discovers the routes more efficiently. AODV is better in term of Jitter than DSR. NS-2 simulator tool used for the purpose of this comparison
Organizational Factors, Teachers’ Professional Development and Teaching Practices: Findings from Female Elementary School Teachers
Full text linkDevelopment of teaching competencies has always considered the most prolific dimension in teaching education. It assists teachers in teaching and in preparing to adopt more functional orientation practices beneficial towards teaching practice. This study aimed to investigate the antecedents of teachers’ teaching practices. Primary data through survey was collected from 377 female elementary school teachers from private sector schools based in Karachi. Smart PLS was used for data analysis. Findings of this study revealed a significant relationship among organizational factors, teachers’ professional development and teachers’ teaching practices. This paper contributes to existing knowledge by reporting new empirical evidences from female elementary school teachers. Hence, this research provides practitioners and policy makers with better insights into some practices that could improve teaching practices.
Perceived usefulness of E-government and Computer self- efficacy to improve continuous intention to use E-Government Services
Full text linkThe study comprehensively tested and analyzed the perceived usefulness of e-Government and computer self-efficacy as parameters to improve continuous intention to use e-Government services. It also quantifies moderation effect of user’s satisfaction with e-government with the help of randomly selected sample of 250 students from upper Punjab. The study contributes in the context of future of e-Government in the perspective of developing country like Pakistan as well as in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). The results prove that perceived usefulness of e-Government and computer self-efficacy significantly associated with continuous intention to use e-government services. It also established that user’s satisfaction with e-government moderates this relationship in a positive manner. The study is novel because it provides a food of though regarding a moderating model of user’s satisfaction in relationship in the proposed linear relationship. It has wide scope for its application in the context of public administration domain
AID VOLATILITY, MACROECONOMIC POLICY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN PAKISTAN
No full textLike other developing countries, Pakistan also suffers from low saving base. Historically, foreign aid has played a crucial role in filling the gap between saving and investment in case of Pakistan, albeit with considerable volatility. We analyze the impact of foreign aid and its volatility in on economic growth in Pakistan over the period of 1974-2015; foreign aid effectiveness has been evaluated in the presence of sound macroeconomic policies by constructing an index of macroeconomic policy using principal component method. The study concluded that foreign aid and its volatility has negative impact on economic growth in Pakistan under currently prevailing macroeconomic policies. This study departs from existing studies in two ways. First, Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) approach has been used in this study to control for potential endogenity related to aid inflow. Secondly, aid volatility, measured through Hodrick–Prescott (HP) filter, has been incorporated in aid-growth nexus to gauge its impact of growth performance of the countr
Measuring School Support for Learning English as a Foreign Language through SSELL
No full textSchools label themselves to be English medium considering that by implementing textbooks in English language and adopting English as a medium of instruction is sufficient to be English. In this regard, there is a need for a checklist or selfassessment tool to enable the schools to evaluate themselves to see their positioning as an English medium school as well as understanding their role in it. This study aimed to develop a scale to enable the English language teaching practitioners to explore if the non-elite schools successfully fulfilled this claim. The scale construction methodology was used to carry out this investigation. The sample comprised of 134 participants including school principals, coordinators and teachers randomly selected using convenient sampling methods. A reliability analysis was carried out to establish the authenticity and applicability of the tool. A satisfactory score of test-retest reliability revealed the scale as a good fit to evaluate school support forEnglish language learning; therefore, the scale can be stated as acceptable based on its psychometric properties.Keywords: English language, official language policy, scale construction, schoolassessment
ACCESS TO HIGHER EDUCATION: SOURCE OF GRADUATE EMPLOYABILITY AND WELLBEING
Full text linkAccess to higher education has been the subject of considerable debate among policy makers and academicians. But the concept lacks empirical evidence regarding its impact upon students and societal outcomes. This study provides empirical answer to the research question: how do access to higher education and teachers’ support relate to graduates’ self-perceived employability and psychological wellbeing? The data were collected from 520 students of bachelors and master’s programs in rural campuses of an oldest University of Pakistan and analyzed through Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) using AMOS and SPSS software. Results reveal that access to higher education and teachers support are positively related with selfperceived employability of graduating student with little or no difference among gender. Whereas, teachers support also contributes to psychological wellbeing of the students. The impact of access to higher education on psychological wellbeing was insignificant. This study provides implications for universities, policy makers, and human resource management professionals regarding enhancement of graduate employability. Keywords: access to higher education, psychological well-being, self-perceivedemployability, teachers’ suppor
Occupational Stress among Secondary School Heads: A Gender Based Comparative Study
Full text linkThe purpose of the study was to examine and compare the occupational stress of male and female secondary-school-heads in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. All the male and female secondary school heads working in pubic secondary schools of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa constituted the population of the study. A total of 402 secondary school heads were selected as sample through multistage sampling technique in which 260 were males and 142 were females. Descriptive and quantitative survey research design was used. To seek the responses from the participants, a standardized tool i.e., “Occupational Stress Index (OSI)” was used. For statistical analysis, proper descriptive statistics i.e., mean, standard deviation and inferential statistics i.e., independent samples t-test were employed through SPSS. The findings revealed that both male and female secondary school heads were found occupationally stressful with respect to role overload, role conflict, strenuous working condition, unreasonable group & political pressure, under participation, and unprofitability. Comparatively, there was no significant difference between the overall occupational stress of male and female secondary school heads. Based on findings, it was recommended that Elementary & Secondary Education Department should have a collaboration with policymakers to develop comprehensive strategies for stress reduction for secondary school heads so that they may perform their duties effectively.Keywords: comparative study, gender based study, occupational stress, secondary school head
Teaching English Language at SSC Level in Private Non-Elite Schools in Pakistan: Practices and Problems
Full text linkEnglish language is taught as a compulsory subject up to graduate level in Pakistani educational system. Despite studying English for over 14 years, majority of students coming from non-elite schools, lack required command in English language skills to pursue their higher education and professional careers. With this background in mind, the current research focused on teaching English reading and writing skills and the problems faced while teaching these skills at Secondary School Certificate (SSC) level in private non-elite schools in Karachi. The sample of the study comprised 20 SSC level students, 12 SSC level English language teachers of non-elite private schools and 5 student notebooks. Data were collected through open-ended questionnaires, group interviews and notebook analysis. Data were examined using thematic analysis. The findings revealed that teaching English language reading practices include reading the text aloud, translating the chapter, providing the central idea and meanings of difficult words to the students. The major problems faced by the teachers in teaching reading skills are learners’ lack of interest in reading, lack of concentration and low reading comprehension skills. The study also revealed practices of teaching writing skills such as provision of model texts and relevant vocabulary items. The major problems while teaching writing skills are lack of pre-writing activities, learners’ deficient command over vocabulary, grammar, spellings and punctuation, lengthy syllabus and limited time
CYBER SECURITY AND INTERNET OF THINGS
Full text linkInternet has become a vital part of our lives. The number of Internet connected devices are increasing every day and approximate there will be 34 billion IoT devices by 2020. It is observed that security is very weak in these devices and can be easily compromised by hackers as some manufactures failed to implement basic security. Current devices use standards that are easy to implement and works for most forms of communications and storage. There is no such standard solution that will work on every device within the Internet of Things, because of the varied constraints between different devices; resulting in classifications within the Internet of Things. This study addresses security challenges in the Internet of Things (IoT); first will discuss the IoT evolution, architecture and its applications in industries. Further, classify and examine privacy threats, including survey, and pointing out the challenges that need to be overcome to ensure that the Internet of Things becomes a reality