Institute of Business Management, Karachi, Pakistan: Journal Management System
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Impact of In-Service Training on Performance of Teachers A Case of STEVTA Karachi Region
Full text linkLearning which takes place in a classroom is significantly associated with teachers and their actions taken in the classroom. Therefore, quality of education can be improved by putting more focus on teaching methodologies and the way teachers spend time in classrooms. This study aimed at examining the impact of in-service training on the performance of the teachers. It is generally believed that with the implementation of certain in-service training programmes the performance of teachers regarding their professional skills, knowledge and experience can be signif icantly improved. The target population of the present study included the in-service teachers offering their services at Sindh Technical Education & Vocational Training Authority (STEVTA), Government of Sindh, Karaschi Region. Using close-ended questions, perception and experience of teachers (n=150, m=100, f=50), who availed the opportunity to get in-service training, were gained. Findings of the study revealed the positive impact of in-service training programmes on the performance of teachers. The study also revealed the positive perception of teachers regarding their professional growth. It recommended the in-service training programmes to be introduced in line with the subject rather than general
ORGANIZATIONAL POLITICS AND PERFORMANCE OUTCOMES: INVESTIGATING THE BUFFERING EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL JUSTICE
Full text linkIn current study, it was theorized that perceived fairness reduces the detrimental effects of perception of organizational politics on performance outcomes of organizations i.e. organizational commitment, managerial effectiveness and organizational performance. To test this exposition, data of 243 managerial employees of banking sector have been obtained and used to find out the moderating effect of organizational justice on perception of organizational politics and performance outcomes. The findings reached at the conclusion that distributive and procedural dimensions of the organizational justice safeguard the damaging effects of perception of organizational politics on performance but interactional justice has not verified as moderator. This study extends the fairness theory and recommends management to flourish fairness culture in organizations to reduce the injurious effects of organizational politics in the workplace
THE IMPACT OF MACROECONOMIC VOLATILITY ON STOCK RETURN VOLATILITY: EVIDENCE FROM PAKISTAN STOCK MARKET
Full text linkThis study examines the impact of macro-economic volatilityon stock return volatility for fifty stocks listed at the Karachi StockExchange using monthly data from July 1998 to June 2014. Themacro-economic variables included in the analysis are market return,industrial production, inter-bank call money rate, term structure ofinterest rate, money supply, exchange rate and the inflation rate. Theresult of significant autoregressive process suggests existence ofvolatility persistence. The industrial production has a negative effecton stock market volatility and the volatility of exchange rate capturesthe external sector volatility and has a positive effect on stock returnvolatility. The increased variation in money supply and inflationmake stock returns more volatile and an unexpected change in callmoney rate and the term structure of interest rate has the oppositeeffect on stock returns volatility. This leads to the conclusion thatstock prices fluctuations in Pakistan are influenced by financial andeconomic variables’ uncertainty. Therefore, investors, authorities andpolicy makers are needed to take into account th
DEVELOPMENT OF THE GENERAL EMOTIONAL LABOR SCALE – URDU (GELS – U)
Full text linkThe purpose of the current research is to develop a scale thatmeasures Emotional Labor in Urdu and the study describes theprocedure followed to develop the General Emotional Labor Scale– Urdu (GELS – U). The process of scale development was brokenup into different phases. The first phase of scale construction dealtwith item generation and the second involved conducting a pilotstudy. The sample for the pilot study consisted of 308 individuals.Based on the results of the pilot study the items of the scale werereduced from 49 to 30 using factor analysis and item-totalcorrelations. The last phase of the study entailed normsdevelopment and establishing the reliability of GELS – U. For thispurpose, the sample consisted of 505 individuals. The internalconsistency of GELS – U was found to be 0.810, and the test-retestreliability was 0.871. Thus, the General Emotional Labor Scale –Urdu was developed as a measure of emotional labor in the nationallanguage of Pakistan – i.e. Urdu. Such a scale can be useful fornot just researchers but for organizations in the service sector aswell. This will help understanding in the performance of emotionallabor, its effects on employees and the possibility of trainingemployees who might need to perform such labor
PERCEPTION OF FAIRNESS OF PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL AND ITS REFLECTION ON ORGANIZATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS
Full text linkThe study discusses the employees’ perception of performance appraisal in higher education institutes of Pakistan and the factors that affect the perception of fairness. The sample of the study comprised of 124 participants from the higher educational institutes in of Pakistan. Data was collected through the use of questionnaire designed for this study. The results suggest that effectiveness of the manager, perceived employee-manager relationship, frequency and quality of feedback given to the employee and setting up of clear expectations and goals, reflect positively on the perception of fairness in the performance appraisal system of an organization, thereby providing an insight on the effects of fairness of a performance management system on organizational relationships in the public sector context. The study will help expand organizational relationships for improved productivity and sustainability
LUCRATIVENESS OF ISLAMIC VS CONVENTIONAL MUTUAL FUNDS IN PAKISTAN
Full text linkThe purpose of this study is to conduct a comparative riskadjusted performance, selectivity skills and market timing abilitiesanalysis of Islamic and Conventional mutual funds in Pakistan. Thestudy utilizes various risk-adjusted performance measures to evaluaterisk and return characteristics. The study also used techniqueproposed by (Treynor and Mazuy 1966) and (Henriksson and Merton1981) to appraise selectivity skills and timing abilities on the dataset ranging 2009-2013 of Islamic and Conventional mutual funds. Inthis study, four categories Aggressive Fixed Income, Asset Allocation,Equity and Balanced open end mutual funds are analysed. On thebasis of evidences found, only few mutual fund managers from Islamicand Conventional mutual funds hold better stock picking skills. Themutual fund managers of both Islamic and conventional mutual fundsare found to be a poor market timer in Pakistan. Islamic mutualfunds have earned better returns than conventional mutual funds.Therefore, risk adjusted performance of Islamic mutual funds is betterthan conventional mutual funds
MODELLING EMPIRICAL REGULARITIES FOR BANKING STOCKS IN PAKISTAN
Full text linkThis paper examines empirical regularities in terms of dayof-the-week anomalies for the banking stocks at the Karachi StockExchange for the period 1996 to 2008. Non normality of the datawith excess kurtosis suggested application of ARCH and GARCHmodels which proved uncertainty of returns from banking stocks.Nonparametric analysis of the data reveals evidence of day-of-theweekeffect in Pakistan as contrary to the findings of some of theprevious studies on Asia-Pacific markets. The evidence of the dayof-the-week anomaly might be attributed to the strength of thenonparametric estimation methods which are more robust whenthe data does not meet assumptions of normal distribution. Thestudy also finds relatively higher risk associated with returns onthe last day of the working week in general. Negative skewness formost of the return series indicates probability of yielding loss forinvestors in the banking stocks. Volatility test proves asymmetricresults for various banking stocks. Results of the nonparametrictests also reveal significantly different median returns on variousdays of the week for these stocks. The study finds out relativelygreater risk associated with Faysal Bank, Jahangeer Siddiqui Bank,Meezan Bank, National Bank and Prime Commercial Bank onMondays. For the days in the middle of the week the risks associatedwith the banking stocks are not asymmetric. For Friday, the closingday of the week, risk in respect of Bank of Punjab, Faysal Bank,Muslim Commercial Bank and National Bank is significantly large
Considering Tyler’s Curriculum Model in Health and Physical Education
Full text linkTyler’s objectives curriculum model has been a strong influence in the field of curriculum development since its publication in 1949. The influence of this model remains strong despite its age, demonstrating the importance of the questions Tyler based his model around. This discussion paper examines Tyler’s (1949) objectives curriculum model; particularly its advantages and disadvantages and its current relevance. This analysis will occur with the context of health and physical education subject area
Self-Assessment of Students’ Anxiety during High Stake Laboratory Work Examinations
Full text linkThe present study intends to explore the level of practical examination anxietyamong secondary and higher secondary school students and its causes andremedies. A self-developed Perceived Science Practical Anxiety Scale (PSPAS)was used to collect quantitative data from 900 science students of two districts of central Punjab: Sargodha and Faisalabad. Moreover, 50 students were interviewed to explore their perceptions of the causes of science practical examination anxiety and the remedies to reduce it. All students had recently taken science practical examination and therefore had first-hand vivid experience of science practical examination anxiety. The analysis of responses in the questionnaire revealed that on an average more than half (61.50 %) of the students experienced anxiety during practical examination. Fourteen sources of anxiety during practical examination were ranked and synthesis of qualitative data from interviews recorded five categories of anxiety causes: shortage and unavailability of the materials, lack of practice, harsh behaviour of laboratory personnel, over loaded syllabus and lack of guidance. The students’ opinion regarding reducing anxiety was synthesized into four themes: relaxation during practical examination, individual level preparation, completion of practical syllabus well before time and training of laboratory personnel. The findings of the study may be beneficial for teachers, school mangers and policy makers and those who are responsible for the preparation and execution of examination policies, to reduce anxiety among students.Keywords: high stake examinations, higher secondary schools, laboratory work examinations, self-assessment, student anxiet
Iqbal’s Inferences from the Qur’an: Educational Objectives for Developing an Individual for Serving Millat
Full text linkThis is the second part of my article published in JoEED, Vol.4, Issue 2, on Iqbal’s educational aims and objectives. In the first part the thrust was on the development of an individual self as a Muslim and the second part caters for Iqbal’s recommendations on how this individual can be developed as an effective instrument for serving the Islamic society and the Ummah. As mentioned in the first part, Pakistan lacks an education system to match the ideological needs of a Muslim society. The need to revive the grand narrative of the golden age of the Islamic world is currently being felt with great intensity. Iqbal being the ideologue of Pakistan has given us sufficient guidelines to draw our education system on the precepts of Islam. While Iqbal’s Persian anthology Asrar-i-Khudi narrates on how to develop an Islamic individual, his second anthology Ramuz-i-Bikhudi deals with how to develop this individual self as an effective member of the Islamic society. In this research qualitative content analysis of Ramuz-i- Bikhudi was carried out under the supervision of a celebrated expert on Iqbal and educational aims, objectives were derived for this purpose. It is sufficient to note that at the end of this anthology, Iqbal vows that his recommendations comply completely with the teachings of the holy Qur’an. The end objective of Iqbal was to prepare an individual who is an effective human being