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(WP 2025-04) Individual and Collective Behavior
Full text linkCompares the mainstream and Institutional and evolutionary economics views of individual and collective behavior. Describes the methodological assumptions for each. Distinguishes the two opposed approaches conceptions of time they employ. Explains the role social identity applies in explaining two opposed approaches adopt different conceptions of time. Closes with an explanatory dilemma the subject creates
Prediction of Snatch and Clean and Jerk Performance From Physical Performance Measures in Elite Male Weightlifters
No full textThis study aimed to build a valid model to predict maximal weightlifting competition performance using ordinary least squares linear regression (OLR) and penalized (Ridge) linear regression (penLR) in 29 elite male weightlifters. One repetition maximum (1RM) or 3RM test results of assistant exercises were used as predictors. Maximal performance data of competition and assistant exercises were collected during a macrocycle in preparation for a competition. One repetition maximum snatch pull, 3RM back squat, 1RM overhead press, and body mass were used to predict the 1RM snatch; and 1RM clean pull, 3RM front squat, 1RM overhead press, and body mass were used to predict the 1RM clean and jerk. Model validation was performed using cross-validation (CV) and external validation (EV; random unknown dataset) for the coefficient of determination and root mean square error (RMSE). Results revealed that penLR models present more plausible output in the relative importance of highly correlated predictors. Of note, the 1RM snatch pull is the most relevant predictor for the 1RM snatch, whereas the 1RM clean pull and 3RM front squat are the most relevant predictors for the 1RM clean and jerk. Validation-based absolute predictive error (RMSE) ranged between ≈ 3–9 kg for the 1RM snatch and ≈ 3–7 kg for the 1RM clean and jerk, depending on the model (OLR vs. penLR) and validation procedure (CV vs. EV). In conclusion, penLR models should be used over OLR models to analyze highly correlated predictors because of more plausible model coefficients and smaller predictive errors
HIGHLY SELECTIVE COPPER-CATALYZED TRANSFER HYDRODEUTERATION OF π- BOND FUNCTIONALITIES
No full textSelective deuterium installation into small molecules has recently become increasingly desirable not only for the elucidation of mechanistic pathways and study of biological processes, but it may also favorably adjust the pharmacokinetic parameters of bioactive molecules. Copper- catalyzed transfer hydrodeuteration has emerged as a powerful method for the selective incorporation of deuterium into small molecules, including those which show bioactivities. Fused bicyclic moieties, especially those containing heteroatoms, often show various beneficial bioactivities and are prevalent in pharmaceuticals. Enclosed is research concerning the transfer hydrodeuteration of various bicyclic scaffolds, including chromenes, quinolinones, and dihydronapthalenes, for the installation of precisely one deuterium atom at the metabolically labile benzylic site, homobenzylic site, or both simultaneously
Electrochemical Properties of Rhodium-Plated Esthetic Orthodontic Archwires
Full text linkObjective: Esthetics are becoming more important to patients with increased desire for ceramic brackets as they go through orthodontic treatment. Despite ceramic brackets offering an esthetic option for patients, traditional metal wires are still most commonly being used. Very little research on rhodium plated wires, specifically the American Orthodontics Iconix Aesthetic Arch Wire, exists in the literature with no tests of corrosion through electrochemical testing. The objective of this research is to analyze how rhodium plating affects the electrochemical properties of nickel-titanium (NiTi) orthodontic wires. Methods: Rhodium-plated NiTi orthodontic wires (Iconix Aesthetic; American Orthodontics) and non-plated NiTi orthodontic wires (NT3 SE NiTi Wire; American Orthodontics) were compared. Ten wires of each were prepared by isolating 50 mm of wire using nail polish and exposing it to Fusayama-Meyer artificial saliva solution. A potentiostat was used for testing with the wire serving as the working electrode, saturated calomel as the reference electrode, and graphite as the counter electrode. The following 3 tests were performed: the open circuit potential (OCP) was monitored for 2 hours followed by a polarization resistance test and cyclic polarization. OCP at 2 hours, polarization resistance (Rp), corrosion current (Icorr), and presence of pitting were determined. Results: OCP results at 2 hours favored the Iconix wire at 360±2 mV (vs SCE) compared to -40±44 mV (vs SCE) of NiTi, indicating that the Iconix wire is more noble/cathodic in nature with less tendency for corrosion. The polarization resistance (Rp) showed no statistically significant difference between the two wires. Cyclic polarization results show that the Iconix wire had a significantly greater corrosion current (Icorr) than NiTi wire, even though some of the NiTi wires exhibited pitting corrosion. Conclusion: Despite showing less tendency for corrosion in an open circuit, the Iconix wire exhibited greater corrosion current implying a greater ion release. Rhodium plating may still be beneficial, as the ions released are likely from the coating rather than from nickel in the base wire. Further testing is recommended to evaluate the specificity of the ions released
How Parents Experience Language During IEP Meetings: A Study of Elementary School Parents\u27 Perceptions of Their Children
Full text linkThis qualitative hermeneutic phenomenological study explored how parents of elementary-age students receiving special education services experience the language used by educators during Individualized Education Program (IEP) meetings, and how this language affects their perceptions of their children. The literature review focused on the explanation of four language assumptions that served as foundational components of the study. Seven parents participated through purposive sampling, completing surveys leading up to and semi-structured interviews immediately following their child\u27s annual IEP meeting. The analysis involved coding and led to an interpretation of four key findings that focused on collaborative, emotional experiences; accessibility of clarified language supported by concrete examples; strength-based language shaping perceptions of student potential; and shared, asset-based language enhancing trust and parental self-efficacy. The findings indicate parents valued clear, asset-based communication that fostered genuine collaboration, emotional engagement, and confidence. Implications suggest school districts prioritize simplifying language, promoting strength-based communication, and supporting ongoing informal interactions between educators and parents to build positive relationships with parents. Recommendations for future research include exploring culturally responsive language, longitudinal impacts of language use, educator training effects, pre- and post-meeting parental perceptions, and technology-enhanced communication practices
