Journals of Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM)
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From Text to Therapy: A Continuous Sentiment Analysis Framework for Real-Time Mental Health Monitoring in Mobile Applications
Get PDFIn the recent years, the adoption of mobile mental health applications has increased substantially, and with that, there’s a real need for solid, real-time sentiment analysis tools that can actually adapt effectively, tools that track user emotional states and enable timely intervention. But most current models are limited in effectiveness. They struggle with limited high-quality labelled data, miss the subtleties in people’s emotions, and do not adapt effectively because they rely on static Machine Learning (ML) models. A Continuous Sentiment Analysis for Mental Health Monitoring (CSA-MH) framework is introduced in this study to bring together semi-supervised learning, Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT)-based contextual embeddings, and lexicon-driven emotional features. This integration boosts both the quality of labelling and the depth of emotional understanding. In addition, it uses a hybrid model that combines Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM) model, and it keeps it up to date through an online learning sliding window. This way actually grows the model, changes along with the user, and always stays relevant. Practically, when tested on a handpicked slice of the Sentiment140 dataset, 50,000 tweets filtered for mental health keywords, the framework achieved: 92.3% accuracy and an F1-score of 0.91. That’s way ahead of baseline models like BERT, LSTM, and Support Vector Machine (SVM). Case studies show it can spot emotional changes over time and even send out alerts when something shifts. Bottom line, CSA-MH isn’t just another tool; it’s a scalable, adaptable, and effective way to keep tabs on mental health in real time. In such fields, this kind of tech pushes digital mental health care toward something much more personal
Analysis of Flow Over Streamlined Body of High-Speed Train and Bus
Get PDFExternal aerodynamic flow is a key factor in determining the performance, energy efficiency, and stability of land-based vehicles such as trains and buses. Vehicles with streamlined shapes tend to experience less aerodynamic drag compared to blunt bodies, which are more prone to flow separation and larger wake regions. This study aims to investigate and compare the external flow behavior over a streamlined body and a blunt body using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The objective is to understand how shape influences boundary layer development, flow separation, wake formation, and overall drag characteristics. Two geometries are modeled: a high-speed train, representing the streamlined body, and a bus, representing the blunt body. The train model is scaled to a width of 0.3 m, height of 0.4 m, and length of 3.2 m, while the bus model has a width of 0.244 m, height of 0.37 m, and length of 1.127 m. The flow inlet is being compared under incompressible conditions at air flow speeds of 10 m/s, 20 m/s, and 30 m/s through the opening, using three different values. For an accurate representation of wall boundary layers, a mesh is organized with fewer elements near walls, and the k-ω model of turbulence is used. To see how the external flow works over every geometry, both velocity contours and pressure distributions are evaluated. It is shown that the train’s reduced geometric dimensions lead to less detached flow and a tighter wake, which then causes less drag. Conversely, the basic design of buses causes the flow to divide earlier and spread, which allows for more resistance. The results indicate that body shape has a big impact on airflow and support using streamlined designs for higher aerodynamic performance in vehicles
Eco-Friendly Optimization of Fatigue Strength in Sand-Cast Aluminium Alloys Using Waste Metal Chips as Mold Additives
No full textThis study investigates the enhancement of fatigue strength in aluminium alloy castings obtained from scrap engine blocks, through grain refinement achieved by incorporating metal chips into sand molds during sand casting. The materials used included a scrap engine block (aluminum alloy), molding sand, and chips from cast iron and brass, all of which were procured and characterized. Using a Taguchi design of experiment, alloys were cast with varying proportions of particle sizes and amounts of brass and cast iron chips. XRF analysis identified aluminium (76.61%), silicon (17.49%), and magnesium (1.28%) as the primary elements in the scrap aluminium alloy, while brown sand predominantly contained silicon (89.51%) and phosphorus (7.41%). The cast iron was mainly composed of iron (88.3%), carbon (3.7%), and silicon (2.3%). Fatigue testing results indicated a 24.78% increase in strength compared to the as-cast alloy, with Taguchi optimization yielding a further improvement of 28.30%. The optimal configuration found included brass/cast iron metal chips at level 2, a chip content of 40 %wt (level 4), and a chip particle size of 100 µm (level 1), resulting in a fatigue strength of 70.58 MPa. SEM and optical micrographs of the optimal sample showcased a finer grain structure. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed a 3.01% reduction in mass loss and a 33.11% increase in decomposition onset temperature compared to the control, indicating enhanced thermal stability. Furthermore, using foundry sand mixed with metal chips yielded improvements in green compressive strength of 20.33%, dry compressive strength of 22.73%, and compactability of 4.55%. Overall, this study confirms that integrating metal chips into sand molds significantly enhances both the fatigue strength of aluminium alloy castings and the quality of the molds, presenting promising implications for the recycling and utilization of scrap materials in casting processes
How Heat Waves Influence Project Performance in the Construction Industry?
Get PDFHeat waves in Southeast Asia are becoming increasingly common and intense, posing substantial challenges for the construction industry. As the heat waves are predicted to increase in the future, they will certainly impact construction project performance, specifically in terms of cost, time, and quality. This paper aimed to analyze the impact of heat waves on these project performances. A questionnaire survey using Microsoft Forms was used to gather the data. This paper focuses on 200 respondents from Grade 6 (G6) and Grade 7 (G7) contractors in Johor Bahru, Johor. The findings show the interrelated effects on time, cost, and quality. The productivity of workers decreased as they required longer time to rest, which led to delayed issues. Additionally, exposure of the material to heat and workers\u27 focus on work influence the poor quality of the project. The heat forcing in additional safety measures and heat-related illnesses necessitate more labor, further escalating project costs. Therefore, the paper concludes that heat waves influence construction in Malaysia through an increased duration cost and risk of project completion associated with quality
Design and Tensile Performance of Face-to-Face Flange Connections of Cold-Formed Steel C-Section
Get PDFCold-formed steel (CFS) is widely used in structural applications due to its high strength-to-weight ratio and material efficiency. However, the performance of its connections is often governed by localized resistance mechanisms. This study investigates the behaviour of face-to-face flange (FTFF) sleeve connections in CFS C-sections, with particular emphasis on bearing and shear resistances. Analytical design resistances were determined in accordance with Eurocode 3 (EC3), and experimental validation was conducted through laboratory testing of 9 specimens with varying plate thicknesses (0.75 mm and 1.00 mm), sleeve lap lengths of 200 mm, and screw quantities (4 and 6). Tensile test of the several types of connection styles was performed using a 120-ton universal testing machine. From the experimental results, it shows increases in material thickness and screw quantity primarily enhance connection performance through improved bearing resistance and load transfer efficiency. The ultimate tensile load (Pu) ranged from 15.20 kN to 29.21 kN. The calculated normalization ratios, defined as the ratio of the experimental load Pu to the design bearing resistance, exceeded unity and ranged from 1.27 to 1.67. This confirms that bearing deformation governed the failure mechanism. In contrast, the shear resistance ratios remained below unity, within a relatively narrow range of 0.54 to 0.85, indicating a significant margin, which is also influenced by variations in thickness and screw configurations. The failure modes were dominated by bearing deformation with hole elongation and localized plate yielding, accompanied by minor screw tilting, with no screw fracture observed. Finally, optimal FTFF connection performance can be achieved through a balanced design that enhances bearing and shear resistances by appropriately configuring material thickness and fastener number to improve connection capacity
Pendekatan Strategik Pengurusan Integrasi Teknologi dalam Pendidikan Vokasional: Strategic Approaches in the Management of Technology Integration in Vocational Education
Get PDFMalay:
Penerimaan teknologi dalam Latihan Pendidikan Teknikal dan Vokasional (TVET) merupakan satu keperluan mendesak untuk memastikan institusi kekal relevan dan kompetitif dalam era Revolusi Industri 4.0. Kajian ini menjalankan sorotan sistematik terhadap 21 artikel yang tertumpu kepada strategi kepimpinan dan pengurusan dalam memastikan penerimaan teknologi berjaya dalam kalangan tenaga pengajar dan organisasi TVET. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa kepimpinan transformasi, latihan berterusan, sokongan infrastruktur, dan pendekatan pengurusan yang strategik memainkan peranan penting dalam memperkukuh penerimaan teknologi. Kajian ini menyarankan supaya penerimaan teknologi ditangani secara holistik, melibatkan dasar pendidikan, peranan pentadbir, dan penglibatan komuniti industri bagi mencapai keberkesanan jangka panjang.
English:
The adoption of technology in Technical and Vocational Education Training (TVET) is an urgent need to ensure institutions remain relevant and competitive in the era of Industrial Revolution 4.0. This study conducted a systematic review of 21 articles that focused on leadership and management strategies in ensuring successful technology adoption among TVET teaching staff and organizations. The study\u27s results show that transformational leadership, continuous training, infrastructure support, and a strategic management approach play a crucial role in strengthening technology adoption. This study suggests that technology adoption be addressed holistically, involving education policy, the role of administrators, and the involvement of the industry community to achieve long-term effectiveness
Key Strategies Predicting Industrial Participation in the Malaysian Apprenticeship Programme
Get PDFThe National Dual Training System (NDTS), which is a Malaysian apprenticeship programme, is highlighted as the top national agenda in producing skilful workers for industrial requirements. Since 70% to 80% of apprentices’ practical training takes place in a real-world workplace, industries involvement are important to the programme\u27s success. Nonetheless, the participation rate decreases over the years despite numerous incentives being provided. The current study aims to statistically investigate the most effective strategies for the government to increase industry participation in the NDTS, which was not explored by previous studies. Specifically, the relationship between the five strategies, namely financial incentives, digital administration, productive collaboration, flexible implementation, and efficient promotion on industry participation, was examined. A set of questionnaires was distributed to NDTS manufacturing companies, and the collected data were analysed via Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The structural model relationship analysis revealed that only three strategies, namely financial incentives, flexible implementation, and efficient promotion, demonstrated significant, positive, and direct relationships with industry participation. Digital administration and productive collaboration required efficient promotion as the mediator to demonstrate indirect positive relationships with industry participation. Further analysis of Importance-Performance Analysis (IPMA) matrix corroborated that the government should focus on flexible implementation and efficient promotion through digital administration to enhance industrial participation in the NDTS. The current study provides a practical solution for the policymakers to improve efficiency in governmental decision-making and public-service delivery to improve industrial trust and confidence in governmental programmes. The present study could be expanded to improve delivery in other skill training programmes in future
Bridging The Gap in Digital Twin Frameworks: A Comparative Analysis on Building Energy Consumption in The Malaysian Context
Get PDFBuildings contribute to a substantial portion of global energy consumption, necessitating innovative technologies to enhance energy efficiency. Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Digital Twin (DT) technologies offer promising solutions, with BIM supporting energy-efficient designs and DT enabling real-time energy optimisation. However, DT adoption in Malaysia is limited, particularly in building energy management, due to the absence of tailored frameworks addressing local challenges such as infrastructure readiness, technical expertise, and policy support. Hence, this paper systematically reviews and compares ten existing DT frameworks, focusing on their applicability to building energy management and construction practices. Frameworks were selected based on their emphasis on energy optimisation, integration DT and its relevance to building operations. Content analysis was employed using Atlas.ti to categorise recurring themes, gaps, and limitations across these frameworks. The analysis reveals that existing frameworks often assume a high level of technological maturity and infrastructure readiness, making them less applicable to Malaysia’s developing context. This study highlights these gaps and proposes strategies, including targeted investments, capacity-building, and policy development, to support DT implementation tailored to Malaysia’s needs, advancing energy efficiency in its building sector
Determinants of Social Housing Supply: An Empirical Assessment in the Context of Vietnam
Get PDFThe development of social housing to meet the residential needs of the population has consistently remained a strategic priority of the Vietnamese Government. As urbanization accelerates—evidenced by an urbanization rate of 44.3% reported by the Ministry of Construction—the demand for housing has increased substantially. Nevertheless, the expansion of the social housing supply has not kept pace, progressing at a notably sluggish rate.
A critical issue emerges: although the Government of Vietnam has enacted a range of mechanisms and policies to support social housing development—including capital allocation and various investment incentives—the supply remains insufficient.
Despite evident interest and willingness among investors to engage in this sector, the actual supply currently satisfies only approximately 20% of the prevailing demand.
This study seeks to identify, analyze, and evaluate the principal factors constraining the supply of social housing in Vietnam. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach—including expert interviews, a survey of 120 respondents, and exploratory factor analysis—the study investigates 14 causal factors, including two newly proposed ones related to the capacity of construction enterprises. Among these, six factors were found to exert particularly strong influence.
Based on these findings, the paper offers targeted policy recommendations to address legal, financial, and institutional barriers and to enhance the viability of the social housing market in Vietnam
Sustainable Development Of Irrigation Infrastructure in Vietnam: A Theoretical Framework
Get PDFInvesting in the sustainable development of irrigation infrastructure is the best way to address the issue of climate change, which is still uncertain in Vietnam. A convenient sampling was conducted to gather relevant literature for analysis. 150 publications including journal articles, books, book chapters, conference papers and technical reports have been collected and analysed in this research study. The keywords found were visualised with VoSViewer. By integrating the keywords\u27 shared interests, the publications can be arranged to three clusters based on keyword frequency: (1) sustainable development and investment; (2) irrigation infrastructure investment; and (3) irrigation infrastructure investment efficiency. The study confirms the need to examine the investment efficiency of these projects by providing a summary of previous research on the sustainable development of irrigation infrastructure. Subsequently, a theoretical framework is constructed on the efficacy of sustainable irrigation infrastructure development, which is influenced by nine key factors: (1) Natural conditions; (2) Institutions and policies; (3) Politics, socio-culture; (4) Economy; (5) Science and technology; (6) Human; (7) Management; (8) Project finance; (9) Operation. A future research on the sustainable development of irrigation infrastructure can focus on one or a combination of the factors. A holistic research study may need to address all of the factors