World Nutrition Journal (Indonesian Nutrition Association - INA)
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Age factor and COVID-19 potential ethical and unethical issues
Get PDFThe presentation of ethical guidelines by various scientific societies during the scenario of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain is surprising when evidencing proposals for treatment and support due to "age ranges" that could be ethically unfair or at least not clearly understandable for the older group, unlike other guides such as the American and European Society for Critical Care and Intensive Medicine. Terms such as distributive justice, prioritization without paternalistic interference, introduction of strategies that maximize survival to hospital discharge, and the number of years of life saved are discussed during the presentation.The aim of this presentation is to clarify different ethical aspects about the elderly patients in the time of being admitted in the ICU during COVID-19 scenario
The Overview of Food Technology to Process Soy Protein Isolate and Its Application toward Food Industry
Get PDFSoy protein isolate (SPI) is the purest form of protein from soybean with minimum protein content of 90%. Due to its high protein content, SPI is commonly used in food processing for improving the quality of food products, including infant formula. The use of SPI in infant formula is mainly designed for infant who cannot tolerate cow’s milk-based formula. This report reviews the benefit of using SPI in soy-based infant formula rather than soymilk from whole soybean itself. It will also review the technology of soy protein isolation which can result SPI for high quality infant formula, including the reducing of unfavourable ingredients which will ensure the safety of soy protein-based infant formula
Zinc Deficiency Among Lactating Mothers in Jakarta : Associated Factors
Get PDFBackground and Objectives : Deficiency of zinc is prevalent worldwide mostly in developing countries. However, its prevalence among vulnerable group such as lactating mothers is still unknown in most populations. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of zinc deficiency among lactating mothers in Jakarta and factors that influence it.Methods :A cross sectional study was conducted in Puskesmas Kecamatan Grogol Petamburan, West Jakarta and Puskesmas Kecamatan Cilincing, North Jakarta between February and April 2019. A total of 75 lactating mothers at 3–6 months postpartum, aged 20–40 years old were recruited using consecutive sampling method. Subjects were interviewed for education levels, occupation, physical activity, types of breastfeeding (exclusive or not), and numbers of parity. Dietary assessment of zinc and protein was carried using semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Weight and height were measured to assess the body mass index (BMI). Blood samples were taken to analyze serum zinc concentrations. Descriptive analysis, one way ANOVA, and unpaired t-test were used, p-values ≤0.05 were considered significant.Results :The mean of serum zinc was 62.33 ± 11.89 and zinc deficiency was found in 76% of the subjects. There were no significant differences of serum zinc related to education levels, occupation, types of breastfeeding, numbers of parity, zinc intakes, protein intakes, and categories of BMI. Significant difference of serum zinc was found between levels of daily physical activity (p = 0.008) – light, moderate, and vigorous. Conclusion :Zinc deficiency was prevalent among lactating mothers in Jakarta. There was a significant difference of serum zinc between different levels of daily physical activity
Prediction of Post-operative Survival of Colorectal Cancer Patient By Using the Prognostic Nutritional Index: An Evidence-Based Case Report
Get PDFBackground: Colorectal cancer patients may be treated with several modalities and one of them is surgical treatment. Surgery in cancer patients is risky procedure and may not always resulted in prolonged survival. Therefore, before receiving any recommended treatment, the patient’s prognosis has to be assessed and defined properly. Several methods are available to assess the prognosis of cancer patients; one of them is the prognostic nutritional index (PNI).Objective: This study aimed to predict the survival of a colorectal cancer patient post-operatively by calculating the pre-operative PNI score.Method: Literature searching was done using inclusion and exclusion criteria on two databases, i.e. the PubMed and the Cochrane Library. The outcome was survival (disease-free survival, relapse-free survival, or overall survival).Results: Five articles that address the clinical question were retrieved. All indicated that a patient with low PNI score (<44.5) had a shorter overall survival (HR between 1.92 and 3.98 with all p values were <0.05).Conclusion: Pre-operative PNI score can be used to assess the overall survival of a colorectal cancer patient who underwent surgical resection. Patients with a PNI score > 44.5 had better survival than lower PNI score
Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity and Its Corellation with Carbohydrate Intake in Advanced Lung Cancer Patients
Get PDFIntroduction : The aim of this study was to determine serum lactate dehydrogenase activity and its correlation with carbohydrate intake in advanced lung cancer patients at Dharmais National Cancer Hospital Jakarta. Cancer Cells are characterized by increase anaerobic glycolysis termed the Warburg effect with lactate as an end product, catalyzed by LDH enzyme. Activities of lactate in cancer influences on tumor growth initiation, survival, proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis. Serum LDH activity can be used as a diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive marker for tumor sensitivity and resistancy to therapy.Methods :56 subjects of advanced lung cancer from Dharmais National Cancer Hospital Jakarta were included in this cross sectional study. Subjects were recruited by consecutive sampling. Food intake of total carbohydrate was obtained by utilizing 24 hours food recall method. The activity of serum LDH (IU/L) was measured by using enzymatic spectrophotometry method on automated analyzer.Results :The mean of age subjects was 56,98 ± 10,36 years old and 55,4% were male. Carbohydrate intake based on 24 hours food recall was 57,64 ± 10,85%. The median of LDH activity was 541,5 (164–6539) IU/L, 60,7% was increase.Conclusion :This study showed medium negative significant correlation (p = 0,017, r = - 0,317) between total carbohydrate intake per day in grams with LDH serum activity. If carbohydrate source is reduced, the LDH enzyme will increase to keep the glycolysis process going. The results of this study indicate that an adequate carbohydrate needed in patients with cancer
An Overview of Hydration Status and Its Relation to Occupational Heat Stress among Workers
Get PDFWorking in high temperature environment is unavoidable condition for an outdoor worker, especially the outdoor workers in to tropical countries such as Indonesia. Heat stress leads to various heat-related illnesses, such as heat stroke, hyperthermia, heat exhaustion, heat cramps or heat rashes. A mild and moderate heat stress usually less serious and did not harm general health condition, however it could cause individual fatigue and unfocused, which will interfere the working performance and productivity. Heat stress will had caused physiologic response of the body, as it needs to reduce the increased temperature inside the body; known as heat strain condition
Profiles of Nutrition and Non – Nutrition Factors Related to Anemia Status Among Lactating Mothers in Jakarta
Get PDFBackground and Objective: Anemia is a major health problem affecting every phase of life. However less attention given to lactating mothers where anemia can give bad impacts to the mothers themselves and their babies. Less knowledge also known about nutrition and non-nutrition factors related to anemia. Therefore, this study aims to profile nutrition and non-nutrition factors related to anemia status among lactating mothers.Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Grogol Petamburan and Cilincing Public Health Centre in Jakarta in February–April 2019. Seventy fours lactating mothers aged 20–35 years old who delivered within the last 3–6 months recruited using consecutive sampling method. Nutrition factors examined were energy, protein, iron, folate, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C intakes, and body mass index (BMI). Non-nutrition factors examined were level of education and family income. Basic characteristic data was collected by interview and dietary intake was assessed using a semiquantitative-food frequency questionnaire and 24-hours food recall for two non-consecutive days. BMI and laboratory assessments (haemoglobin, ferritin serum, and c-reactive protein) were done.Results: Anemia prevalence was 8% and 11% was iron deficient. Prevalence of iron deficiency anemia was 3% (37.5% from prevalence of anemia). Based on Indonesia Recommended Dietary Allowance, around 58% subjects had low iron intake, 39% with low vitamin B6 intake, 27% with low vitamin B12 intake, 40% with low vitamin C intake, and no subject with low folate intake. Around 53% of subjects had BMI < 22.9 kg/m2. Almost 70% of the subjects had middle level of education and 50% had family income lower than regional minimum wage.Conclusion: Prevalence of anemia among lactating mothers in Jakarta was 8%. Non-nutrition factors had higher proportion compared to nutrition factors related to anemia status. Further studies are needed to determine the possible causes of anemia in lactating mothers
Zinc Intake in Lactating Mothers in Jakarta
Get PDFBackground :Maternal zinc deficiency may cause hindrance in breast milk ejection and low zinc content in breast milk. This may cause zinc deficiency in babies. Therefore, adequate zinc intake is crucial to maternal and baby’s health. Food source of zinc are mainly protein rich foods. High intake of fiber may decrease zinc bioavailability as they usually contain phytate. Objective :This study aimed to profile zinc, total protein, and fiber intake among lactating mother in Jakarta. Methods :This was a cross sectional study conducted in Grogol Petamburan Public Health Center, West Jakarta and Cilincing Public Health Center, North Jakarta between February and April 2019. Consecutive sampling method was used to recruit 95 lactating mothers aged 20-35 who were nursing 1-6 months old babies. Basic characteristic data such as socioeconomic level and education level was collected during interview process. Semi questionnaire food frequency questionnaire was used to gain zinc intake data and 24 hours food recall was used to gain protein and fiber intake data. Results :The prevalence of zinc deficiency in Jakarta was 76.8% although 56% had taken enough daily protein. 99% of the samples had low fiber intake. Around 47% of subjects have monthly income lower than regional minimum wage and 68% of the samples has middle level of education. Conclusion :Zinc intake among maternal diet in Jakarta is below the recommendation although more than half of the samples had taken enough daily protein and very low fiber. The protein intake must furthermore be specialized into animal and vegetable protein to increase the accuracy of the data. A specialized education about the importance of zinc for maternal health and food sources of zinc must be conducted among lactating woman. The need of zinc supplementation might be considered
Vitamin E and Vitamin C Intake Among Lactating Mothers In Jakarta
Get PDFBackground and ObjectivesVitamin E is a lipid soluble vitamin which obtain only through diet. Vitamin E has many functions including antioxidant and well known to prevent lipid peroxidation in membrane cell. Vitamin C helps to regenerate vitamin E back into non radical. Vitamin E and C intake among vulnerable group such as lactating mother still uncleared especially in Jakarta. The aim of this study to determine level of vitamin E and C intake among lactating mothers in JakartaMethods60 lactating mothers aged 20–40 years old in 1–6 months postpartum were recruited on Grogol Petamburan and Cilincing Public Health Centre in Jakarta. This cross sectional study held from March 2019 until April 2019. Vitamin E and C dietary intake were collected with semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was used in this study.ResultsThis study showed that median value of vitamin E intake was 6.50 (1.20-43.10) gram/day with 91.7% subjects does not meet vitamin E recommended daily intake (RDA) recommendation (19 gram/day), otherwise 70% vitamin C intake was above RDA recommendation (100 gram/day) with median value is 120.05 (23.0-479.2) gram/day.ConclusionVitamin E intake among lactating mothers in Jakarta was not adequate and far below RDA recommendation but vitamin C intake among lactating mothers in Jakarta was adequate and met RDA recommendation
Higher Nutritional Status of Lung Cancer Cachexia Patients is Associated with Higher Functional Capacity and Appetite
Get PDFIntroduction: Lung cancer is highly prevalent and the major cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Severity of weight loss has been shown to have a negative impact on patients’ performance and quality of life. Early detection of anorexia and decline of functional capacity will be very usefull to prevent severe weight loss and a better prognosis. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Dharmais Cancer Hospital. Subjects were lung cancer patients newly diagnosed or a minimal of 2 months pasca chemotherapy or radiotherapy, taken consecutively from inpatients and outpatients. Results: Subjects eligible for the study were 47, with a composition of 55.3% men and 44.7% women in the age range from 36–79 years old. There were significant relationship between body weight and BMI with ECOG score. Body weight, BMI and weight loss related significantly with VAS appetite and SNAQ score. These result indicate that subjects with a higher BMI and a lower weight loss have a better physical performa and appetite. There were significant relation between haemoglobin level, anemia status and serum albumin level with appetite and risk for anorexia. This result indicate that subjects with normal haemoglobin and albumin have a good appetite and a lower risk for anorexia. Conclusions: Positive prognosis of cancer patients can be obtained by maintaining BMI and preventing weight loss, since both affected the already known prognostic marker functional capacity significantly. Serum Albumin and hemoglobin are not only simple test, but also brings benefits, a clinical marker that may be used to assess the risk of anorexia