Berkala Arkeologi (E-Journal)
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Interpretation of structures on Menapo Sungai Melayu II, The Muarajambi National Cultural Heritage Area: Use of the Wenner Configuration Method: Interpretasi struktur di Menapo Sungai Melayu II, Kawasan Cagar Budaya Nasional Muarajambi: Penerapan Metode Konfigurasi Wenner
No full textMenapo Sungai Melayu II is located in the Muarajambi National Cultural Heritage Area. The study aims to determine the layer and structure under the surface based on the value of resistivity. The measurements of resistivity configuration are conducted by Werner’s method. Six trajectories are placed around the using flat base electrodes to minimize the risk of damaging the structure. Based on the measurements, there are three kinds of soil formations. The resistivity value that ranging from 1,07–3,84 Ωm is indicated as water-saturated sand, the value of 4,95–13,8 Ωm is indicated as sand clay, while the highest resistivity with a value of 17,84–49,90 Ωm is interpreted as a brick. The six cross-sections have an average resistivity value of around 1,07-49,90 Ωm which indicates a brick structure that exists below the surface. Based on the results of the resistivity method, some patterns can be interpreted as main structure, as roving fence, and gateway
Public Health Aspects in Planning and Development of Kotabaru, Yogyakarta: Aspek Kesehatan Masyarakat dalam Perencanaan dan Pembangunan Kotabaru, Yogyakarta
No full textThis article discusses the reconstruction of the public health aspect of urban planning based on archaeological remains and historical records. The research location is Kotabaru, Yogyakarta, a European settlement in the early 20th century. A desk research was conducted using archives, journal articles, and theses related to the aspect. A survey was also conduct to record archaeological remains in Kotabaru. Then, analysis was conducted with observations on variables of clean-water supply, waste disposal facilities, healthcare facilities, and open space. The results revealed that Kotabaru, designed following the Garden City concept, gave attention to health aspects. Kotabaru is completed with clean-water pipes, waste disposal in the form of sewers/riool and assanering, healthcare facilities Zendingsziekenhuis Petronella and Militier Hospitaal, and open space Sport Terrein. The result shows that city planners have considered public health aspects to create a clean and healthy city environment
Asceticism Practices on Mount Kumbang in the 15th-16th Century: Praktik Asketisme di Gunung Kumbang Abad XV-XVI M
No full textAsceticism practices constitute an integral part of religious and cultural life in Tatar Sunda society during the classical period, which remains understudied. This research serves as a preliminary study on asceticism practices in Mount Kumbang, Brebes, during the 15th-16th centuries, highlighting the ideological backgrounds and ascetic practices occurring in the region. The research was conducted through historical archaeology approach. The findings indicate that asceticism practices in Mount Kumbang during the 15th-16th centuries are documented in written and archaeological sources. The existence of these practices is rooted in religious ideologies associated with achieving spiritual power and the highest level of knowledge, accomplished through various forms of psychophysical restraint such as meditation (samadhi), fasting, and specific rituals
Utilization of natural resources in prehistoric times based on archaeological findings in Gua Arca, Kangean Island, East Java : Pemanfaatan sumber daya alam masa prasejarah berdasarkan temuan arkeologis Gua Arca, Pulau Kangean, Jawa Timur
No full textTulisan ini membahas tentang eksplorasi dan pemanfaatan sumber daya alam oleh penghuni gua. Data yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah hasil ekskavasi situs Gua Arca di Pulau Kangean, Sumenep, Jawa Timur. Metode yang digunakan deskriptif dengan analisis ekofak dan analisis residu mikrobotani pada artefak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pola adaptasi dari penghuni pulau ini, dengan melakukan eksplorasi maksimal terhadap sumber daya alam di darat dan laut. Pada periode awal hunian sekitar 6000 BP, terjadi pemanfaatan sumber daya darat yang cukup dominan berupa binatang dengan habitat hutan terbuka, yaitu Cervidae, Bovidae, Macaca sp., dan binatang kecil seperti Cercopithecidae, Rodentia dan Varanidae. Pada periode setelahnya, sekitar 900 BP, terjadi perubahan pemanfaatan sumber daya alam. Pemanfaatan sumber daya laut menjadi lebih dominan, yang sebagian besar diperoleh dari lingkungan perairan mangrove dan daerah pasang surut. Tumbuhan yang dimanfaatkan antara lain pisang liar, padi liar, kelapa, umbi, dan penggunaan intensif tanaman Zingiberacea
The signification of paramita teachings in Jatakamala reliefs at Candi Borobudur: Semiotic perspective : Pemaknaan ajaran paramita pada relief Jatakamala di Candi Borobudur: Perspektif semiotika
No full textTulisan ini mengkaji bagaimana relief Jatakamala di Candi Borobudur merepresentasikan ajaran enam kesempurnaan (sat-paramita), peran sosial dari tokoh utama, dan nilai-nilai universal di dalam cerita. Penelitian ini perlu dilakukan karena belum ada analisis yang memadai bagaimana Jatakamala diasosiasikan dengan praktik kesempurnaan pada kajian-kajian terdahulu. Berdasarkan tiga komponen data: relief, naskah, dan sutra-sutra mengenai enam kesempurnaan, kajian ini menggunakan semiotika pragmatis Charles Sanders Peirce untuk mengidentifikasi kesempurnaan/multikesempurnaan pada lima cerita Jatakamala. Analisis tematis digunakan untuk melihat peran sosial dan pesan universal dalam 14 cerita. Penerapan triadik Peirce menunjukkan bahwa masing-masing cerita merepresentasikan multikesempurnaan. Tokoh utama dalam Jatakamala berperan aktif secara sosial dan turut memecahkan isu-isu di masyarakat melalui tindakan dan keteladanan. Jatakamala juga mengandung nilai-nilai universal sebagai sarana pembelajaran dan pendidikan
Gender roles in the prehistoric fishing community: A case study from Gilimanuk Site, Bali: Peran gender di komunitas nelayan prasejarah: Studi kasus dari Situs Gilimanuk, Bali
No full textGender roles are defined as social construction of activities and statuses associated to specific genders in a society. This article aims to investigate gender roles among prehistoric community in Gilimanuk Sites based on the division of labor by sex. This research uses bioarchaeological approach by comparing entheseal changes on 42 male and female individuals. The result shows there is no specific activity associated to certain sex in daily subsistence. This indicates the gender construction in the prehistoric fishing community in Gilimanuk Sites
Back cover Volume 41 No. 2 November 2020: Sampul Belakang Volume 41 No. 2 November 2020
No full textSampul Belakang Volume 41 No. 2 November 202
IT'S TIME TO LOOK TO THE WEST: A NEW INTERPRETATION ON HOMO ERECTUS FINDINGS DISTRIBUTION OF JAVA: SAATNYA MENENGOK KE BARAT: SEBUAH INTERPRETASI BARU TENTANG DISTRIBUSI TEMUAN HOMO ERECTUS DI JAWA
No full textAbstract
Paleontological data indicate that the beginning of Java Islandia occupation occurred at the Plio-Pleistocene boundary, around 2.4 Mya. However, the oldest Homo erectus fossil was found in Sangiran, around 1.5 Mya. Recently, Pleistocene sites were discovered from the western part of Java, e.g. Rancah, Semedo, and Bumiayu. This paper describes the significance of archeological, paleontological, and especially paleoanthropological data from the new sites, and their implications to the future Quaternary prehistory research strategies determination. Data collection methods include literature study and surveys, while analysis is carried out on the geological, archeological, paleontological, and paleoanthropological data. The result shows the dispersal of Homo erectus is extended to the western part of Java, between 1.8-1.7 Mya, older than the oldest Homo erectus of Sangiran. A new window of the human arrival on this island is identified. So, it is time to look to the west, and intensive research should be carried out to those areas.
Abstrak
Data paleontologis menunjukkan bahwa awal penghunian Jawa terjadi pada batas Plio-Plestosen sekitar 2.4 juta tahun lalu, namun fosil Homo erectus tertua yang ditemukan di Sangiran, berasal dari lapisan 1.5 juta tahun lalu. Belakangan ini, ditemukan situs-situs Plestosen, dari bagian barat Pulau Jawa, yaitu Rancah, Semedo, dan Bumiayu. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menampilkan signifikansi data arkeologi, paleontologi dan terutama paleoanthropologi dari situs-situs tersebut, serta implikasinya bagi penentuan strategi penelitian prasejarah kuarter di masa depan. Metode pengumpulan data meliputi studi pustaka, dan survei pada ketiga situs tersebut. Analisis data dilakukan pada data geologis, arkeologis, paleontologis dan paleoantropologis. Hasilnya, distribusi lateral Homo erectus semakin luas di bagian barat Jawa, dengan kronologi 1.8-1.7 juta tahun, lebih tua dibanding Homo erectus tertua dari Sangiran. Sebuah jendela baru tentang kedatangan Homo erectus di Pulau Jawa telah teridentifikasi. Implikasinya, sudah saatnya penelitian prasejarah kuarter intensif dilakukan di bagian barat pulau ini
BATU CAVE: PREHISTORIC OCCUPATION OF MERATUS MOUNTAINS, SOUTH KALIMANTAN: GUA BATU: HUNIAN PRASEJARAH DI PEGUNUNGAN MERATUS, KALIMANTAN SELATAN
No full textAbstract
Preliminary studies in the karst hills of the Meratus Mountains in Kotabaru Regency found rock-shelters and caves that were indicated to have traces of prehistoric dwellings. One of them is Batu Cave which is in Batangkulur village, Kelumpang Barat district. This article discusses the results of excavations carried out in Batu Cave in 2018. The problems raised on proof of occupancy and how human life in the past in Batu Cave. Archaeological data were obtained from excavations by using test-pit at two different locations. The excavation findings analyses are quantitative and qualitative. Quantitative analysis was carried out to find out the quantity of findings. The qualitative analysis includes an initial classification, which divides archeological data according to the type, form and style. The results show that Batu Cave are cave dwelling with living activities that rely on the surrounding resources. Exploitation of environmental resources is seen in the use of several types of terrestrial fauna and water as one of the main food sources. Various types of tools were made using rocks, as well as bones and shells.
Abstrak
Studi awal di perbukitan karst Pegunungan Meratus di Kabupaten Kotabaru menemukan ceruk dan gua yang diindikasi memiliki jejak hunian prasejarah. Salah satunya adalah Gua Batu yang berada di Desa Batangkulur, Kelumpang Barat. Artikel ini mendiksusikan hasil ekskavasi yang dilakukan di Gua Batu pada tahun 2018. Permasalahan yang diajukan adalah apa bukti hunian dan bagaimana kehidupan manusia pada masa lalu di Gua Batu. Data diperoleh dari ekskavasi yang membuka lubang uji pada dua lokasi yang berbeda. Temuan ekskavasi dianalisis secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Analisis kuantitatif dilakukan untuk mengetahui kuantitas dan persentase temuan. Analisis kualitatif meliputi klasifikasi awal, yang membagi data arkeologi sesuai dengan jenis, bentuk, dan gayanya. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Gua Batu merupakan gua hunian dengan aktivitas hidup yang mengandalkan pada sumber daya di sekitarnya. Eksploitasi sumber daya lingkungan terlihat pada pemanfaatan beberapa jenis fauna darat dan air sebagai salah satu sumber makanan yang utama. Berbagai jenis peralatan dibuat dengan memanfaatkan batuan, serta sisa makanan berupa pecahan tulang dan kerang