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China Maritime Report No. 28: Bitterness Ends, Sweetness Begins: Organizational Changes to the PLAN Submarine Force Since 2015
Get PDF“Above-the-neck” reforms in the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) that began in 2015 directed the development of a new joint operational command system that resulted in commensurate changes to PLA Navy submarine force command and control. Additional changes to tactical submarine command and control were driven by the evolution and expansion of PLA Navy surface and airborne capabilities and the introduction of new longer-range submarine weapons. Follow-on “below-theneck” reforms inspired significant organizational change across most of China’s military services. However, the PLA Navy submarine force, for its part, did not reorganize its command structure but instead focused on significant improvements to the composition and quality of its force. Between 2017 and 2023, the PLA Navy submarine force engaged in a notable transformation, shuffling personnel and crews among twenty-six submarines—eleven newly commissioned and fifteen since retired—relocating in-service submarines to ensure an equitable distribution of newer, more capable submarines across the fleet. Observations of infrastructure improvements at PLA Navy submarine bases portend even more changes to submarine force structure in the coming years.https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/cmsi-maritime-reports/1027/thumbnail.jp
Episode 5: Global Integration for an Interconnected Security Environment
No full textSynopsis:The United States has interests all around the globe, and must be able to respond to crises and challenges in different regions without compromising the national interest. Lt. Col. Rebecca Russo joins us to unpack what global integration means for a U.S. military and its ability to defend peace and freedom throughout the world.About the Speaker:Col. Russo is a command pilot with over 3,000 hours in the C-17A and T-1A. She most recently served as a strategist on the Joint Staff J7 and as a liaison to DARPA\u27s Adaptive Capabilities Office. Previous to that position, she commanded the 691st Cyber Operations Squadron and served in staff positions at USTRANSCOM and Air Mobility Command. Col. Russo graduated with distinction from the U.S. Naval War College in June 2021.The views presented by the faculty or other guest speakers do not reflect official positions of the Naval War College, DON or DOD.
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Episode 17: The Interwar Period
No full textIn this session Jon O\u27Gorman hosts John Maurer, Jesse Tumblin, and David Stone as they discuss why the allies of the first Great War could not win the peace, thus sowing the seeds of the second. They talk about the strategic choices and problems Britain had in maintaining its empire as well as the problems of other European powers during the period. The enigma of the Soviet Union and Communism as a spoiler for maintaining the peace is also discussed. We then speak of the Great Depression as the factor that forever changes the calculus and how Britain\u27s choices going into the late 1930s were bleak. Appeasement as a strategy and its ramifications are looked at—we end with how this perhaps has parallels to the Russia-Ukrainian war of today.https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/profiles-in-strategy/1016/thumbnail.jp
Episode 1: Analytic Perspectives of Foreign Policy Decision-Making
No full textSynopsis:How do foreign policy decisions get made in Washington? How do individual leaders, organizations, and domestic political processes influence the choices officials make in shaping national security policy? To help professionals make sense of this landscape, The Debrief surveys a range of analytic perspectives that inform these processes with Dr. Jessica Blankshain, associate professor of national security affairs and Foreign Policy Analysis subcourse director at the U.S. Naval War College, as well as coauthor of Decision-Making in American Foreign Policy: Translating Theory into Practice.
About the Speaker:Dr. Jessica Blankshain joined the National Security Affairs department in 2014 with a doctorate in political economy & government. She teaches the Leadership Concepts and Policy Analysis sub-courses, as well as electives on Central Challenges of American National Security and Civil-Military Relations. Dr. Blankshain is a former graduate fellow with the Rumsfeld Foundation and a former research fellow at the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. Her research interests include civil-military relations, bureaucratic politics, and organizational economics. She also worked for two years as an associate consultant in the Chicago office of the Boston Consulting Group.The views presented by the faculty or other guest speakers do not reflect official positions of the Naval War College, DON or DOD.
Watch The Debrief Episode 1 on YouTube
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Review Essay—“A New Lens on Historical Lessons”: Victory at Sea: Naval Power and the Transformation of the Global Order in World War II
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Episode 29: Russia\u27s War in Ukraine
No full textThis week we discuss contemporary strategic challenges by looking at the Ukrainian War. Jon O\u27Gorman brings together David Stone, a Russian historian, Timothy Hoyt, a political scientist; and a member of the National Security Affairs Department and senior State department representative to the U.S. Naval War College: Walter Braunohler. Walter was in the U.S. embassy in Kviv during the lead up to the crisis before being evacuated. We begin by discussing Russia\u27s aims and motivations for the conflict then quickly moving to Vadimir Putin\u27s chosen strategy of trying for a quick decisive victory. Next, we discuss why Russian military performance has been lacking vs. the Ukrainians. We discuss the differences between the Russian action in 2014 vs. 2022 and why the international response has been different as well. Lastly, we discuss the problems with war termination for this conflict and if escalation could lead to nuclear use.https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/profiles-in-strategy/1028/thumbnail.jp
Women Insurgents in India’s Northeast
Get PDFThe paper examines the role of women within an insurgent group called the National Socialist Council of Nagalim (NSCN) in Northeast India. The author highlights the different motivations, allegiances, and expertise women bring to the insurgent group both as combatants and in their noncombatant roles. Data for this paper is drawn from primary sources (field work, interviews with women insurgent leaders and cadres) and secondary sources.
The author dwells on the stature of women in the larger conflict affected society, highlights the juxtaposition between the influence of modernity and tradition, and how women both in the society at large and within the insurgent group navigate their roles and negotiate for better means of livelihoods. Dr. Goswami specifies that the antecedent conditions for women joining the insurgent group include a need for physical security, kinship bonding, and ethnic connections, but the reasons evolve and change over time specifically determined by the framing of the conflict that the armed group provides to its members.
The NSCN leadership structure is hierarchical and dominated by men, with women rarely making it to its top decision-making structure, not dissimilar to women’s role in Naga society.https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/wps/1027/thumbnail.jp
