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Episode 24: Part 2: Iraq
No full textEpisode two of the Endless Wars case study. In this episode Jon O\u27Gorman hosts Heidi Lane, Patrick McCarthy, Matthew Nischwitz, and Michael Shaw. We continue with our military professors who are veterans of the conflict, joined by regional subject matter expert Heidi Lane. They start the conversation talking about why opening a secondary theater in Iraq made sense. They move to the discussion about the De-Baathification of Iraq and what effect it had on the country. They move through the process of insurgency, civil war, and how ISIS eventually had a different positive effect on the Iraqi people. They also discuss how poor civil-military relations caused certain estimates to be overlooked in the beginnings of the campaign. They end with thoughts about the future of Iraq and whether a desire for the independent Kurdistan could ignite a larger regional war.https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/profiles-in-strategy/1023/thumbnail.jp
Episode 15: Napoleon and the French Revolution
No full textIn this episode Jon O’Gorman hosts John Maurer, George Satterfield, and Vanya Bellinger to talk about the wars of the French Revolution and Napoleon. They talk about the French revolution as an existential threat to the monarchies of Europe. Next, they speak about the problems Napoleon had with policy strategy match for his aims. The conversation then moves to the how Napoleon influenced Clausewitz in his theories on war. We speak about Napoleon\u27s key strategic problems of being a continental power fighting a maritime power, the Spanish insurgency, and the fateful decision to march on Moscow. Additional other inflection points of times where Napoleon might have made different choices to better his strategic position. We end by talking about key strategic takeaways for the contemporary environment.https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/profiles-in-strategy/1014/thumbnail.jp
Dilemmas Faced in Developing Small Navies
Get PDFSmall navies face two important problems: the difficulty of acquiring the requisite financial resources and managing them properly, and the need to transform themselves so they can cooperate as parts of multinational teams. The latter aspect is the most important factor affecting their continued existence
Tirpitz’s Trap
Get PDFChinese leaders probably believe that America’s worldwide commitments mean that the United States never will concentrate its entire naval strength against them in a conflict. But “Tirpitz’s Trap” serves as a warning of the consequences of challenging a maritime rival at sea while retaining the commitments inherent in a continental state with strategically significant land borders and powerful neighbors
Mahan’s Theory and the Realities of the First World War—His Final Considerations on Sea Power
Get PDFAlthough Mahan’s commentary on World War I was constrained from August 1914 and he died in December, his understanding of naval strategy at the strategic level proved almost impeccable, and he made significant deductions about the newest technologies and their effects. His conclusions explain to a significant degree how the war developed in the years following his death
Should Have Known Better? The Standard of Knowledge for Command Responsibility in International Criminal Law
Get PDFThe criminal doctrine of command responsibility has a rich legal history, which makes it a widely recognized, if unsettled, concept of international criminal law. This article focuses on a key element of command responsibility: the commander’s knowledge of a subordinate\u27s crimes. This article argues that current customary law instructs to apply a standard of actual knowledge of the commander, rather than the lower standard of constructive knowledge. The article reaches this conclusion by observing the primary shaping factor of international law—State behavior. Through the example of six diverse legal systems, the article demonstrates how the approach of legislative, executive, and judicial behavior of various States indicate that constructive knowledge is not a valid basis for incriminating commanders under international criminal law. Finally, the article contemplates some implications for future command responsibility cases. The article submits that multinational tribunals and States seeking to apply command responsibility should stick to the standard of actual knowledge, which reflects customary law as it currently stands, rather than aspirational law that lacks the necessary legal basis. This is particularly important not only for avoiding legal wrongdoing, but for maintaining the legitimacy and integrity of the criminal process that are crucial for promoting accountability
Episode 28: Naval Theorists: Mahan and Corbett
No full textIn this episode Jon O\u27Gorman hosts James Holmes, Kevin McCranie and new this week from the Joint Military Operations Department, Milan Vego. They begin by discussing the perspectives of Mahan and Corbett and what makes them different. They move to commonly held misconceptions on each of their theories. The guests bat around the points of agreement and disagreement between the two, especially concerning the concepts of offense and defense. They provide clarity on what the term fleet in being means and how it can be used. Lasty, we discuss commerce raiding and the key takeaways of naval theory for the contemporary environment in regard to China.https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/profiles-in-strategy/1027/thumbnail.jp
Feminist Foreign Policies: A Governance Regime from the Global South?
Get PDFEvery year, more countries commit to Feminist Foreign Policies (FFPs). Most of them come from the global North; however, the emergence of FFPs in Chile, Colombia, and Mexico suggests the shape of renewed designs of global governance regimes and new struggles in the search for international status. In seeking why these countries pursue FFPs, I link different bodies of scholarship and disciplines to better understand the transformative potential of the global South FFPs. In doing so, I challenge the historical and contemporary conventional assessments of the relative unimportance of small states, the Southern region, and feminism/gender in affecting international politics and international security. In this context, the WPS framework has been a crucial component of the design of FFPs. This Agenda has consolidated the predominance of the global north perspective to address the use of sexual violence as a weapon of war. However, while for some scholars WPS represents a western global governance regime based on women\u27s economic empowerment, critical perspectives have denounced the absence of alternative and dissenting voices from the global South in producing what is considered valid knowledge. I argue this lack of diverse perspectives perpetuates the immovable categorization of women by subordinating them as subjects receiving violence and protection while limiting their transforming agency.https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/wps/1004/thumbnail.jp
Mainstreaming WPS and Gender-based Analysis Plus at the Canadian Defense Academy
Get PDFThe Canadian Armed Forces has a responsibility to integrate the guidance provided by UN Resolutions on WPS into its operational planning, conduct of missions, and across its institutions. The Canadian Defence Academy (CDA) plays a critical role in advancing equity, diversity and culture change as the lead authority for the development of common military training and education. The CDA promotes the professional development and education of members of Canada’s Armed Forces through two undergraduate universities, a Command and Staff College, and a Non-Commission Officer Academy.
Our presentation will discuss how the CDA mainstreams WPS and Gender-based Analysis Plus, including through the institutionalization of its Gender Advisor and Gender Focal Point Network, through the integration of WPS and GBA Plus in academic programs and as part of faculty and staff development, and through collaboration with international PME institutions.https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/wps/1014/thumbnail.jp