Journal of Advanced Applied Scientific Research (JOAASR)
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The Advancement of Nanotechnology in Treating Alzheimer’s Disease
No full textAlzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder with high prevalence in the rapidly increasingaging population in the worldwide. It is primarily caused by the collection of beta-amyloid plaques in the brain. The aim of this study to discuss the advancement of nanotechnology that help in the diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative disorder. Nanotechnology has shown its superiority that can applied medicinal uses and play great potential rolein therapy of Alzheimer’s disease. This is help to increasing the efficacy and efficiency of drug delivery by penetrating and overcoming the blood-brain barrier. There is need to explore and research in order to minimize the adverse effect and potential toxicity and to improve the drug bioavailability. The available medications in the market have only ability to slow down its progression.The current advances in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease using nanotechnology contain the regeneration of stem cells, nanomedicine, and neuroprotection. The significantmediators for neuroprotection containnanogels, fullerene, dendrimers, gold nanoparticles and diamondoid derivative
Green Synthesis of Nano Ag/Cu Hybrid Particles for Repelling Water from Cotton Fabric
Get PDFNano Cu and Ag have a lot of applications in various industries. From different methods of nano particle synthesis, reduction of metallic salts in presence of ascorbic acid as stabilizer can lead to fabrication of nano particle with specific dimensions. In addition, because of using environmentally friendly and nontoxic substances their green synthesis are very noteworthy. In this study, nano Cu/Ag hybrid simultaneously was synthesized through reduction of Ag and Cu salts in presence of natural reducing agent like maltose. The effect of different concentrations of salts together with reducing agent and stabilizer on dimension of nano particles were also investigated. Theses nano particles were applied on cotton fabric and then water repellency and physical properties of nano treated fabric were analyzed. Statistical data showed a significant difference between samples which were synthesized with different salt, stabilizer and reducing agents. Moreover, some spectroscopy tests like FT-IR, XRD, EDX and SEM were conducted to analyze the results
Muscat grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) -An insight into phytonutrient potential and an aromatized functional food
Get PDFVitis vinifera L., commonly known as Muscat grapes is an aromatic food product which has a beneficial effect on the human body due to its phytonutrient potential. Studies have reported that grapes have antiobesity, antidiabetic, antiinflammatory, anticarcinogenic, cardioprotective, vasorelaxant, phytoestrogenic, and neuroprotective properties. This study aimed to identify the phytonutrients such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenol, steroid, tannin, and terpenoids of the coloured seeded grapes. Whole grapes were collected during the vegetation period and divided into three groups as whole fruit (W), fruit skin (P) and seed (S). All three samples were freeze-dried and soaked with the aqueous solution. Ultrasonic homogenized material was used for extraction. Further analysis is done in FTIR for qualitative measurement of the main functional group and antioxidant activity was determined through the DPPH method. The findings revealed that Muscat grapes may be considered as a natural rich source of phenolic amalgam with a notable amount of antioxidant capacity
Liver Lesions Classification System using CNN with Improved Accuracy
Get PDFIn this paper, the liver lesions classification system for CT images use deep learning (CNN)model withimproved accuracy has proposed. The sequential model of CNN architecture with I/P convolution layer, Hidden
convolution layer, and O/P convolution layer for CT images have been used to classify liver lesions. TensorFlow-2.0 is used to make an image with varying image qualities.The proposed network is used for CT images with an
image size of 65×65, 60×60, 50×50 for which liver lesions classification accuracy of 99%,97%,95% respectivelyare achieved. The regularization technique used in proposed N/W has helped to improve the accuracy andminimization over fitting problem. The classification accuracy improvement has justified by comparing theproposed research work with other researcher's work
In Vitro Studies on Binary Mixture of Skimmed Milk and Urea as Solid Dispersion Carrier for Aceclofenac
Get PDFAmong the various strategies employed to enhance solubility, dissolution and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs in vivo, formulation of solid dispersion using hydrophilic and/or water-soluble carriers with varying physicochemical characteristics seems to be a developable, economically viable and easy option. The present study is aimed to use skimmed milk(SKM)-urea(U) as a novel binary mixture of classical carrier-hydrotrope in solid dispersion of poorly water-soluble aceclofenac (ACF). Compatibility of ACF and binary mixture of SKM-U was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopic analysis. Solid dispersions of ACF-SKM and ACF-SKM-U were prepared in varying ratios of 1:1 to 1: 5 for ACF-SKM and 1:4.5:0.5, 1:4.25:0.75 and 1:4:1 for ACF-SKM-U by solvent evaporation technique using ethanol(95%) as the common solvent and were characterised by their physical appearance, solubility enhancement (compared to pure drug) in double distilled water and phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) at 25 ⁰C and drug dissolution profiles in the above mentioned media. Based on solubility enhancement data(71.53% and 31.03%) and maximum cumulative percentage release data (82.37% in 9 mins and 68.03% in 90 secs ) in double distilled water and phosphate buffer respectively, ACF-SKM (1:5) was found to the best which was used for studying the effect of addition of urea as hydrotrope. ACF: SKM: U (1 : 4.5 : 0.75) exhibited maximum solubility enhancement of 75% .and 36.51% and cumulative percentage release of 83.83 % in 9 mins and 69.24% in 90 secs in double distilled water and buffer respectively. Therefore, the binary mixture of skimmed milk-urea has been proved to be marginally superior over skimmed milk in terms of solubility enhancement and drug release profile of aceclofenac
Impacts of Paracetamol on the growth of Cicer arietinum (Gram)
Get PDF Plants have to face a lot of stress like heat, cold, acidic and alkaline conditions as well as presence of unusual chemicals due to pollution. Plants responses in different ways to resist the impact of these stresses by morphological, biochemical, physiological and other methods to adapt themselves for survival but if the level of stress becomes very high then plants cannot resist completely and shows changes in rate of their growth and development pattern. Present research work concludes the results and their interpretations obtained after the observations regarding the length of shoot and roots and the number of leaves of Cicer arietinum (Gram) growing under the stress of pharmaceutical agent paracetamol. The work shows that in general as the concentrations of paracetamol increases, the height and the growth of the gram plants decreases
Nutrient composition, antioxidant activity and phytonutrient of yogurt incorporated with watermelon fruit pulp and its extract
Get PDFYogurt is an ancient food that has been a part of the human diet for thousands of years and has been promoted as a healthy diet. Yogurt is milk that has been fermented and is made by adding two specific bacterial cultures to warm milk, namely Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophiles. Yogurt is considered as a cure for diarrhoea, stomach ailments, and irritating skin condition, as well as fungal and yeast infections, and used in some bronchial conditions. High levels of live bacterial cultures in Yogurt contribute to its nutritional and therapeutic properties. The use of different fruits and additives in fruit Yogurt production has improved its nutritional and sensory properties. Citrullus lanatus (Watermelon) is a tropical fruit that contains a variety of nutrients, including fibre, vitamins-A, vitamin B1 and B6, potassium, iodine, magnesium, zinc, and antioxidants which are essential for human health. The addition of watermelon in any commercial product enhances the taste, flavour, and nutrient quality. The objective of the study are: To develop Yogurt incorporated with watermelon fruit pulp and its extract; To perform sensory analysis of Yogurt incorporated with watermelon fruit pulp and its extract; To analyse the nutrient composition, phytonutrient composition and antioxidant activity of the Yogurt incorporated with watermelon fruit pulp and its extract; To calculate cost of the developed Yogurt incorporated watermelon fruit pulp and its extract. The developed watermelon fruit pulp and it extract incorporated yogurt were subjected to sensory evaluation for the overall acceptability with the help of a 5-point hedonic scale with 10 semi- trained members. Which was very well accepted. The nutritional analysis was carried out for protein, fat, iron, calcium, and vitamin C content and was found to be high in watermelon pulp and extract incorporated Yogurt. Thus, watermelon fruit pulp and extract incorporated Yogurt has the potential to be used as a dietary supplement to prevent and control the onset of the degenerative disease among the population
Annotations and suggestions on elephant proof trenches to reduce human elephant conflicts in Coimbatore forest division South India: Effectiveness of EPT on Human Elephant Conflict
No full textThe structural backbone of India is agriculture. Agriculture encounters more conflicts and one among them is the human-elephant conflict. Traditional agricultural system is declining due to modernisation and urbanization and all the forest covers are being converted into human areas. Reduce forest cover and irregular rainfall and drastic climatic changes are much influencing the animals especially the elephants to enter into the human areas for food and water leading to human-elephant conflict. Though the State government and Forest department are necessary steps to trim down the elephant invading issues in Coimbatore forest division, the problem is still persisting. One best solution to calm down the upshot is the Elephant proof trench method. The present study found 510 damaged trenches by Foot survey method, analysed the effectiveness of Elephant Proof Trench (EPT) by Questionnaire method from the village people in the vicinity of forest fringes and collected all previous available conflict data from the forest department.
Major human-elephant conflict incidences happened during March and October, high during the rainy seasons. Possibly elephants prefer to raid crops during these seasons for accessing sodium and minerals found in the crops. The present study reveals that Elephant Proof Trench reduced 73% of the elephant visits and 58% of crop damages. We also found EPT minimised the economic loss (58%), human deaths (75%) and elephant death incidences (82%) in the Coimbatore forest division. The minimum loss noted was also only because of the poorly maintained trenches. Hence, it is clear that, effectiveness of the Elephant Proof Trench will be most reliable, if trenches are maintained in a well regular manner. These results will help in the better conservation planning and management of forest ecosystem in future which will not have the human elephant conflicts again.
Key words: Elephant proof trench, Human elephant conflict, Forest ecosystem, Agricultur
Synergistic marmalade for sports person to improve muscle performance and ergogenic activity
Get PDFThe aim of this study is to provide natural ergogenic food products to the sports person. Marmalade is a food product made using fruit, peel and pulp. This acts as a convenient food for a sports person before a performance on the go. The ingredients Purple grapes, Watermelon and Beetroot juices were selected due to the following reasons. Purple grapes provide high run time (ergogenic effect) with the consumption of single dose. Watermelon juice relieves muscle soreness and fatigue. Beetroot juice increases the level of phosphocreatine resynthesis, increases muscle power in trained athletes and improves the release and reuptake of the calcium at the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The Synergistic marmalade was prepared in different variations and is compared with standard Grapes marmalade and the best one (Variation D) was selected using sensory analysis by 30 semi-trained panel members. The Nutrient analysis and Physiochemical analysis were carried out. The nutrients such as Potassium and Magnesium in Standard Grapes marmalade and Selected best sample were 210.3mg/100g and 10.16mg/100g and 213.6mg /100g and 12.32mg/100g respectively. Physiochemical analysis such as TSS was 65 % for standard as well as the selected variant, Titrable acidity was 0.67% for standard and 0.39% for selected variant and pH was 3.5 for standard and 3.27 for selected variant. All these parameters were tested to check the physical and chemical attributes of the Synergistic marmalade to be compared with the standard marmalade. The best variation was stored in two different packaging material – Glass jar and a Airtight plastic container in a refrigerator for a period of 21 days. During this period shelflife study was carried out using sensory evaluation and microbial analysis on 1st, 7th, 14th and 21st day. The results showed that the product is fit for consumption until 21 days and both the packaging were good for storage. The synergistic marmalade was popularized among adult sports persons by briefing on the significance, nutritional aspects, functional properties and other health benefits with the help of a pamphlet and questionnaire and analyzing the aftermath of the session
Formulation of Herbal Tea and in Vitro Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity Against Drug-Resistant Uropathogens
Get PDFThe present study aims to formulate herbal tea and examine antioxidant and antimicrobial activity against uropathogens. Total phenolics content and radical scavenging activity of herbs (Hibiscus, Lemongrass, and Tinospora) and optimized tea were determined by the Folin–Ciocalteu method and percent of DPPH inhibition, respectively.The antibacterial activity of selected herbs and optimized tea were tested against three clinical isolates, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using the modified agar disc diffusion method. The highest phenolic content and radical scavenging activity were observed in lemongrass, followed by hibiscus flower and tinospora stem. Although, the highest antibacterial activity was recorded by hibiscus flower against all tested pathogens, followed by lemongrass and tinospora. The sensory score of different treatments of herbal tea was analyzed by the Hedonic scale and treatment T2 (55:20:25) is found to be best followed by T1, T0, T3. The radical scavenging activity and antibacterial activity of herbal tea were found to be higher than in green tea. The herbal tea also exhibit significant antibacterial activity against common uropathogens E.coli (0.73mm),K.pneumoniae(0.5 mm) and P.aeruginosa (0.4 cm). Therefore, the prepared herbal tea could be recommended for the prevention and treatment of urinary tract infection