Journal of Advanced Applied Scientific Research (JOAASR)
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Structural delving and insilico analysis of proteins of Rhinacanthus Nasutus- an indigenous medicinal plant
No full textMedicinal plants are staging a comeback and ‘renaissance’ is happening all over the globe. The Medicinal plants products today symbolise safety in contrast to the synthetics that are regarded as unsafe to human and environment. So the medicinal plants have a promising role in to prevent and as well as to cure the diseases. Andrographis is an important genus of the family Acanthacae known for its ethanomedicinal claims and for a variety of medicinal properties. Rhinacanthus nasutus has been used in various folk medicinal preparations and its chemical composition and pharmacological activities have been elaborated recently. Functional characterization of a protein sequence is one of the most frequent problems in biology. This task is usually facilitated by accurate three-dimensional (3-D) structure of the protein. The number of protein sequences that can be modeled, as well as the accuracy of the prediction, is increasing steadily because of the growth and number of known protein sequences and structures as well as improvements in the modeling software. It is currently possible to model, with useful accuracy. Significant parts of approximately one half of all known protein sequences. This research report render a futuristic summary of bioinformatics study of Rhinacanthus nasutus with emphasis on the current development and future directions, which shall provide tools and resources necessary to understand and uphold advances in this important field. The aim of the present study, 2 proteins of Rhinacanthus nasutus were analysed using bioinformatics tools. Structural prediction and functional characterization of proteins of Rhinacanthus nasutus were done using Expasy Protparm server, 3D structure was done using SWISS MODEL. Plants of different family showing identity 80% and above were selected and its sequences retrieved, aligned using Clustal Omega. phylogenetic tree was constructed for the aligned sequence. Structure prediction showed that α – helix, random coil, β – turn and extended strand predominates. Phylogenetic analysis of rbcl of Rhinacanthus nasutus reveals that the Plants of Verbenaceae, Bignonaceae, and Fabaceae family are closely related. Hence the present article includes the detailed exploration of Computational tools of protein, and bioinformatic aspects of R.nasutus in an attempt to provide a direction for further research
Evaluation of Antioxidant Properties and Antimicrobial Activity of Garcinia cambogia Hort. Ex Boerl (Clusiaceae) fruit extracts.
Get PDFGarcinia cambogia Hort. Ex Boerl (Clusiaceae) is a traditionally used medicinal plant claimed to possess antioxidant properties and antimicrobial activity. The present study was aimed to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant property and antimicrobial activity. The antioxidant property of the methanolic fruit extracts were evaluated using two methods. DPPH Radical Scavenging Assay, Total antioxidant phosphomolybdenum method and Total Reducing Capacity. The results revealed that free radical scavenging activity of methanolic fruits extracts of G. cambogia has significant radical scavenging ability on DPPH with IC50 value of 39. 45 µg/ml respectively. The positive control ascorbic acid showed the IC50 values of 32.42 µg/ml. The phytochemical screening showed the presence of Terpenoids, Tannins, Saponins, Phenols, Flavonoids and Steroids compounds. Methanol, Ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts of the plant was tested for antimicrobial activity against Gram positive bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, Gram negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and a fungus Candida albicans using agar well plate method. The results obtained in the present study indicated that the fruit of G. cambogia showed the best antimicrobials activity against the C. albicans, S. aureus (G+) and K. pneumoniae (G-). Gentamicin is used as a positive control. In conclusion, the results indicate antimicrobial activity of the extract which could be further explored for purification of antioxidant compounds
Termite soil as a potential low-cost adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue and malachite green dyes
Get PDFThe adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and malachite green (MG) from aqueous solution using a termite soil has been studied by batch adsorption technique. The adsorption experiments were carried out under different conditions of initial concentration (5–100 mg/L). The equilibrium data were fitted to Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms and the equilibrium adsorption was best described by the Langmuir isotherm model with maximum monolayer adsorption capacities found to be 338.98 and 327.21 mg/g at 305 K, respectively. Three kinetic models, pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion were employed to describe the adsorption mechanism. The experimental results showed that the pseudo-second-order equation is the best model that describes the adsorption behaviour with the coefficient of correlation R2 ≥0.99. Fourier transform infra red (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Tunnelling electron microscopy (TEM) studies are evident that the termite soil has an effective adsorbent material.The results suggested that termite soil has high potential to be used as effective adsorbent for MB removal
Antibacterial, anti-oxidant and in vitro anticancer analysis of Zingiber officinale (L.) Rosc.
Get PDFGinger is considered as an important spice with many clinical potential activities. The present study was undertaken to determine antimicrobial, antioxidant and in vitro anticancer activities of rhizome extract of Zingiber officinale. Antimicrobial activity was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Vibrio cholera, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Entero toxigenic Excherichia coli (ETEC) and Salmonella typhi by disc diffusion assay. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH free radical scavenging assay and ABTS free radical scavenging assay. The ethanolic extract showed more activity against Vibrio cholera, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, ETEC and Salmonella typhi at 5–25 mg/well. The extract also exhibited dose dependent scavenging of DPPH and ABTS radicals. Scavenging of DPPH radicals was more efficient than that of ABTS radicals as revealed by the low IC50 value. MCF-7 breast cancer cells were used to investigate the in vitro anticancer activity of ethanol extracts of ginger. The inhibitory activity of the extracts against MCF-7 was carried out using colorimetric tetrazolium salt (MTT) assay. The results showed considerable anticancer activity in MCF–7 cancer cells, with an IC50 value of 10 µg/ml. Ginger extract effectively inhibited proliferation of MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner over 24h. Thus the compounds of ginger displaied potential for antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer agents. 
Enzymatic analysis of Natural and Artificial Banana Leaf waste in Vermi-composting and Composting Technique.
Get PDFIn the present study, the possible utilization of natural and artificial banana leaf waste which were discharged from Marriage halls were collected and investigated for the enzymatic studies. The Natural and artificial banana leaf waste were mixed with cowdung in the ratio of 1:1 and kept aside in a shed for vermicomposting and composting. The isolated microbes were subjected for qualitative and the quantitative enzyme analysis for the naturaland artificial banana leaf waste. In that the presence of enzymes such as amylase, cellulase , protease and lipase contents in vermicompostand compost were identified. Thus the vermicompost and the compost enriched with enzymes greatly enhance the fertility of the soil. These technologies help in reduction of the organic load on land fill. According to obtained results the left over and old banana leaves processed to as vermicompost and compost may help boost crop yields in terms of economical production and organic farming
In vitro rapid multiplication of Coldenia procumbens L. from shoot tip explants
Get PDFAn efficient protocol for in vitro rapid multiplication of Coldenia procumbens L. has been developed. The shoot tip explants were cultured on MS basal medium supplemented with different concentrations of BAP and KIN. The two cytokinins are tested, BAP was found to develop higher number of shoots from the shoot tip explants when compared to KIN. higher number of shoots was produced from all the concentrations of BAP and KIN. The highest frequency of 100% shoot induction was observed on MS basal medium supplemented with 6 μM BAP and 10 μM KIN. The number of shoots observed on the MS basal medium supplemented with BAP obtained 14 as well as 11 in KIN. The data's are recorded after 30days of inoculation
Phytochemical and Traditional uses on Acanthus ilicifolius (L)
Get PDFAcanthus ilicifolius is a spiny herb found in mangrove of southern Thailand. It is also widely distributed in India and other tropical regions of Asia. The plant is reported to contain phytochemicals including alkaloid and wide range of glucosides (lignan and phenylethanoid). In traditional medicine, the plant is used in the treatment of diseases ranging from snake bite to skin diseases. A. ilicifolius (sea holly) occurs in tropical Asia and Africa, through Malaya to Polynesia. It is a vine shrub or tall herb, up to 1.5 m high, scarcely woody, bushy, with very dense growth. Common names of which are holy leaved acanthus, sea holly and holy mangrove. A. ilicifoliusis abundantly available in freshwater ecosystem of Pichavaram mangroves located in southeast coast of India. The review analyses traditional medicinal usage, and phytochemical investigations done on the A. ilicifoliusis medicinal plant
Assessment of the Radical Scavenging Activity and Total phenolic content of Crude Methanolic leaves Extract of Aristolochia indica L.- Aristolochiaceae
Get PDFThe present study was aimed to screen antioxidant and quantify the phytoconstituents of Aristolochia indica leaves extracts evaluated the antioxidant in three methods viz. DPPH free radical scavenging activity, phosphomolybdenum method and reducing power assay. The total phenols and total flavonoids were quantitatively estimated in leaves of A. indica. The results thus obtained were compared with standard antioxidant compound like ascorbic acid. The results revealed that free radical scavenging activity of methanolic leaf extract of A. indica has radical scavenging ability on DPPH with IC50 value of 38.72µg/ml. The positive control ascorbic acid showed the IC50 values of 32.42µg/ml. The total phenols and flavonoids content in leaf extract indicated the antioxidant activity. The present study provides evidence that solvent extract of A. indica contain important bioactive compounds and this justifies the use of plant species as traditional medicine for treatment of various diseases
Impact of transition metal ion Co2+ on structural and optical properties of ZnO nanoparticles synthesised by co-precipitation method
Get PDFPure Zinc oxide (ZnO NPs), Zn0.70Co0.30O and Zn0.50Co0.50O nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by the co-precipitation method. The synthesized nanoparticles retained the wurtzite hexagonal structure, which was confirmed by the X-ray diffraction studies. The oxidation states of the elements O (1s), Zn (2p), and Co (2p) were confirmed by XPS studies. HRTEM images showed that the particles sizes were approximately 20-40 nm and spherical shape for pure and hexagonal shape both Zn0.70Co0.30O and Zn0.50Co0.50O NPs respectively. The FT-IR spectra confirmed the Zn-O stretching bands range at 421 to 495 cm-1 for ZnO NPs. From the UV–VIS spectroscopic measurements, the excitonic pecks were found around 393, 399 and 396 nm for the respective samples. The photoluminescence measurements revealed that the broad emission composed of five different bands due to zinc and oxygen vacancies
In vitro Shoot multiplication of Physalis minima L. - an important Medicinal Herb
Get PDFThe present study was to develop an efficient protocol for shoot multiplication of Physalis minima L. Shoots were cultured using nodal segments from 20 days old field grown young plant. The nodal explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of BAP and KIN. The two cytokinins tested, KIN was found to respond well in shoot multiplication and number of shoots from the nodal explants when compared to BAP. Large number of shoots was induced from all the concentrations of both BAP and KIN. BAP was found to develop in shoot multiplication and higher number of shoots from the nodal explants when compared to KIN. The highest frequency of 100% shoot induction was observed on MS basal medium supplemented with 8μM BAP and 10 μM KIN. Matured shoots are isolated and then transferred to the MS basal medium supplemented with different concentration of NAA and IBA for root induction. The higher number of roots were produced in 30 days on MS basal medium supplemented with 10 μM IBA and 6 μM NAA. The well rooted plantlets were isolated and transplanted to the paper cup for hardening and the well established plants were transferred to the field for acclimatization