Journal of Advanced Applied Scientific Research (JOAASR)
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Bcl-2/BCL2L12 mediated apoptosis and cell cycle arrest induced by Kaempferol through the suppression of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in Hepatocellular carcinoma
Get PDFHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly aggressive and third leading cancer-related death. PI3k/AKT and p53 signaling pathways play a vital role and regulate cellular proliferation, migration, cell cycle, apoptosis, and autophagy during cancer conditions. BCL2L12 is a bcl-2 family protein and encoded by the BCL2L12 gene, which is involved in the execution phase of apoptosis. However, the biological function of PI3K/AKT/Bcl-2 mediated BCL2L12, and its molecular mechanism in HCC is largely unknown. Herein, we investigated the effect of Kaempferol, on PI3K/AKT/Bcl-2/BCL2L12 expressions in HCC cells. The expression level of PI3K/AKT/Bcl-2/BCL2L12, and its target genes in polyphenolic flavonoid Kaempferol treated HCC cells analyzed by Quantitative Real-Time PCR and Western blotting. Subsequently, the effect of Kaempferol in HCC chemosensitivity, cell proliferation, migration, cell cycle, and apoptosis were analyzed using AO/EtBr staining, ROS staining, mitochondrial membrane potential assay, wound healing assay, Transwell migration assay, MTT assay, and PI Staining. We found that the downregulation of PI3-K, AKT, LC3A/B, MMP9, Bcl-2, and BCL2L12 and upregulation of PTEN, p53, p21, and caspase 3 in Kaempferol treated HCC cells. Subsequently, we observed that Kaempferol effectively inhibits cellular proliferation, migration and enhances apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, autophagy, and 5-Fluorouracil mediated chemosensitivity in HCC cells. Furthermore, Kaempferol has dominant role against HCC and inhibits 50-60% of cells after 24h treatment with 30μM in HepG2 and 40μM in Huh7 cells. Therefore, Kaempferol plays a promising role in cancer therapeutics by inhibiting PI3K/AKT/Bcl-2 mediated BCL2L12 expression in HCC
Comparison of homo and copolymer of pyrrole and aniline electrosynthesized on ferric ion reduction
Get PDFIn this study, homo and copolymer of Aniline (Ani) and Pyrrole (Py) was electrosynthesized on composite graphite in acetic acid medium containing KCl as supporting electrolyte. The ability of electrosynthesized homo and copolymer on ferric ion reduction was compared and evaluated. The results show that the reduction properties of polyaniline (PAni) is greater than copolymer of aniline and pyrrole (Poly(Ani-co-Py)) and copolymer is more than polypyrrol (PPy). The FTIR and UV-visible spectra indicated that the increase of aniline monomer in the copolymer chain enhances the ferric ion reduction ability. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) was also used for further investigation. It was shown that the increase of aniline ring in the copolymer chain reduces the charge-transfer resistance and thus increases the reduction effect. The structure and morphology of homo and copolymer was confirmed by SEM, EDX and FTIR
Heritability and Predicted Gain of Twelve Traits in Fifty-five Upland Rice Varieties
Get PDFThe genetic information about upland rice traits in terms of heritability (H2b) and predicted gain expressed to the mean (RAM) could lead to an effective selection process in the upland varietal development. Fifty-five upland rice varieties (URVs) were evaluated using 12 traits in three seasons. Traits culm length (CL), days to 50% flowering (DF), days to maturity (DM), flag leaf length (FLL), flag leaf width (FLW), grain length (GL), grain width (GW), one thousand grain weight (OTGW), plant height (PH), panicle length (PL), productive tillers (PT) and yield (YCC) had an overall mean of 102.7 cm, 55.3 days, 91.2 days, 37.9 cm, 1.6 cm, 8.69 mm, 2.92 mm, 21.2 g, 120.6 cm, 26.5 cm, 6.7 tillers and 2.25 t/ha, respectively. STAR V2.01 provided a combined analysis of variance (ANOVA) and found a high significance among URVs in all traits with corresponding coefficient of variation range of 3.3% (DM) to 24.16% (YCC). H2b on the other hand had a range of 89.3% (PH) to 99.2% (OTGW) while RAM had a range of 14.5% (GL) to 91.7% (YCC). It was CL, DF, DM, FLL, GL, OTGW, PH, PL and YCC with H2b >95% were highly heritable and FLL, FLW, PL and YCC with RAM >30% were high in genetic gain. Therefore, bigger flag leaves (FLL and FLW) as first indicator and yield as last indicator could be recommended in deciding what genotypes to keep and develop in the upland breeding process
Brain Tumors Detection on MRI Images through Extracting HOG Features
Get PDFIn this paper, a system of Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) is introduced for detecting brain tumors through MRI images. The proposed system consists of three main sections: segmentation, feature extraction, and categorization. In the segmentation phase, a system called Seeded Region Growing (SRG) is applied to separate brain tissue from other regions. In the feature extraction phase, the Histograms of Oriented Gradients (HOG) algorithm is used. Finally, in order to describe the images of the brain, we use Support Vector Machine (SVM) and classify the images in two tumor-free and tumor-grade groups, and then compare them with similar tasks. The results show a high efficiency of this approach compared to other methods. 850 MRI images have been applied to test and teach samples; the number of healthy brains is 300 and the number of defective brains is 550, and the system has achieved a precision rate of 93.2% in the categorization. 
Thermal buckling analysis of cylindrical shells of carbon nanotubes reinforced composites
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to investigate the thermal buckling analysis of cylindrical shells of carbon nanotubes reinforced composites (CNTRC). In this study, a hybrid laminate composite plate consisting of N layers which are of thickness t is designed. N is the number of layers and the thickness of each functionally graded carbon nanotube reinforced composite (CNTR-FG) layer is h, and three types of the distribution of carbon nanotubes (CNT) are considered for each layer. CNTR-FG are multi-layered plates which have the length "a", width "b", thickness "t", and an arbitrary combination of boundary conditions along the four edges of the layer. The distribution of carbon nanotubes along the thickness of each layer of CNTR-FG is considered to be given. Implementation is done by using Abaqus software. In the investigation of the thermal buckling of cylindrical shells of CNTRC, in three different types of distribution of carbon nanotubes, the behavior of buckling of a cylindrical shell is investigated. In each case, the amount of buckling generated in the shell is calculated and analyzed. The results show that the behaviors of these three types of distributions are close, and the nanotubes with uniform distribution against thermal buckling loads perform better than the other two distributions
Kinetics and Mechanism of Oxidation of Tartaric Acid by N-Chloronicotinamide (NCN)
Get PDFThe oxidation of tartaric acid by N-chloronicotinamide in the presence of H2SO4 is studied. First order kinetics with respect to NCN is observed. The kinetics results indicate fractional order dependence about [tartaric acid]. Inverse first order in [nicotinamide] and inverse fractional order about [H+] are noted. Rate of the reaction increases with a decrease in the percentage of acetic acid. The values of rate constants observed at four different temperatures were utilized to calculate the activation parameters. A suitable mechanism consistent with the experimental findings has been proposed
Kinetics and Mechanism of oxidation of Maltose By N-Bromonicotin amide (NBN)
Get PDFKinetics study of oxidation of maltose, by aqueous alkaline solution of N-Bromonicotinamide (NBN) has been carried out in the temperature range 308-323K.The reaction exhibits first order in [KOH] and [Maltose] and zero order about oxidant. Addition of nicotinamide (NA) has no effect. Increase in ionic strength of the medium does not change the rate. Effect of temperature on the rate of oxidation has been followed to show the validity of Arrehenius equation and various activation parameters have been computed. The stoichiometry of the reaction was found to be 1:1. 1,2-enediol is found to be the reactive intermediate. Maltobionic acid is the product of oxidation. 
Corrosion behavior of Mild Steel in Sodium Chloride solution by Copper Complex of (8-hydroxy quinoline) Derivative
Get PDFThe Corrosion behavior of a inhibitor namely Cu complex of 8-hydroxy quinoline derivative (Cu-HUF) in controlling corrosion of mild steel immersed in aqueous solution containing 60 ppm Cl- has been investigated using weight loss method and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. In presence of inhibitor the corrosion inhibition efficiency offered by 50 ppm of Cu-HUF is 80 %. The corrosion inhibition was observed due to the formation of more stable and compact protective film on the mild steel surface at minimum concentration. The surface film formed over the mild steel surface was confirmed by IR spectra. The surface of the samples exposed to the inhibited solution was analysed using SEM and EDAX techniques. The biocidal efficiency of the system has been evaluated against certain microorganisms such as E.Coli, Streptococcus, Pseudomonas, Entrobacter which shows good biocidal efficiency. 
A comparative study of adsorption of acid blue 9 and brilliant green from aqueous solution by activated carbon derived from coconut shell and palmyra fruit nut shell
Get PDFSynthetic dye stuffs are extensively used for textile dyeing and other industrial applications. The textile industries generate large volumes of waste water which contains toxic compounds. The disposal of these wastes into water bodies causes damage to the environment. These effluents require prior treatment before being discharged into the water bodies to prevent water pollution. The aim of this study is to investigate the adsorption of the textile dyes like Acid Blue 9 and Brilliant Green from aqueous solution over activated carbon prepared from coconut shell(CSC) and palmyra fruit nut shell(PFSC) at different reaction parameters. CSC has higher removal efficiency for these two dyes than PFSC. Adsorption data were fitted well with Freundlich isotherm and the kinetic data followed a pseudo-second order model in addition to intra-particle diffusion model ( with removal more than 99%) at all conditions
Adsorption of crystal violet onto hibiscus Rosa Sinensis
Get PDFThe removal of the textile dye, crystal violet (CV), from aqueous solutions was studied by adsorptionon Hibiscus rosa sinensis. Batch adsorption studies were conducted by varying the initial concentration of the adsorbate, adsorbent dosage, contact time, and pH. The effect of pH on adsorption of crystal violet ontoHibiscus rosa sinensis was studied at pH 4. The percentage removal of dye was measured as a function of both the concentration of the dye (10 - 30 ppm) and the temperature (303 – 323 K). The experimental data were fitted into the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherm equations. The values of their corresponding constants were determined. Thermodynamic parameters like free energy, enthalpy and entropy of the systems were calculated using Freundlich constant. The present study shows that nearly80% removal of crystal violet was observed and hence Hibiscus rosa sinensiswas found to be an efficient adsorbent for the removal of the basic dye crystal violet from aqueous solutions