Osaka Aoyama University: Repository / 大阪青山大学学術情報リポジトリ
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Gender differences in postprandial blood glucose in healthy Japanese young adults
Get PDFGender differences in prevalence, prognosis of diabetes mellitus and glucose tolerance have been reported. The aim of this study is to evaluate sex-related differences in the postprandial blood glucose response during a glucose tolerance test with two different types of carbohydrate loading in healthy Japanese young adults.
A glucose solution (glucose 50g) was orally administrated to 26 females and 9 males, and cooked rice (rice 200g) was eaten by other 223 females and 77 males, with a comparable age (19 y/o) and a similar body mass index (21kg/m2). Blood glucose concentrations were measured before and 30, 60, 120 minutes after the start of carbohydrate loading by a self-monitoring kit for blood glucose.
Females showed higher blood glucose levels than males 1 and 2hours after loading with either glucose or rice. Also, females had a higher total AUC (area under the blood glucose curve) and incremental AUC than males after either types of loading. After oral glucose loading, the total AUC, incremental AUC and 2-hour blood glucose were negatively correlated to body height (r=-0.4, p<0.05), while, after rice loading, the total AUC and incremental AUC were negatively correlated to body weight (r=-0.2, p<0.0001).
In conclusion, after a fixed carbohydrate load, females were likely to show higher blood glucose levels than males.
Especially, females with a smaller body size tended to show a higher postprandial blood glucose level.departmental bulletin pape
A scope of possible educational functions of Rakugo culture ─ Centering around the views on human nature,daily ethics,and dialogical communication in Osaka Rakugo ─
Get PDFRakugo is one of Japanese traditional performing arts with a long history of more than 300 years. It faithfully reflects the spiritual aspects of Japanese people and society with all sorts of Japanese personalities and philosophies, ethics and morals, and every detail of dialogical mutual communication(timing of words,etc.). In this respect, Rakugo, along with other Japanese traditional performing arts such as Kabuki, Noh and Kyogen, plays an important role in the Japanese traditional culture.
Rakugo stories convey a multitude of feelings and wisdoms, such as happiness, sadness, empathy, ethics, pathos, healing, etc., in the human lives of ordinary people. During every Rakugo performance, a unique atmosphere is created in the hall through empathy between the storyteller(Rakugo artist) and the listeners(Rakugo audience), and such atmospheres have helped the Rakugo art transform itself continuously. In other words, these unique Rakugo atmospheres created through dialogical communication between the teller and audience has contributed to the development of Rakugo art. This is one of the intrinsic characteristics of Rakugo, unseen in other traditional Japanese performing arts.
The present treatise intends to extract educational elements out of such intrinsic characteristics of Rakugo, interpret them from the educational point of view, and explore various possibilities of utilizing Rakugo culture in the field of education The purposes of these considerations are: (1)to visualize unintended educational functions, i.e., potential character-building functions, of Rakugo, and (2)open up a new field of education by incorporating the unintended educational potential of Rakugo into intentional educational curriculums. Thus, the present treatise schemes to open a new door to the practice of education through Rakugo culture by exploring a possible association between Rakugo culture and pedagogy.
The present treatise first takes up two Rakugo stories, “An alum apprentice (Myouban decchi)” and “Praising kids(Kohome)”, to analyze their ideas of human beings by focusing on how the main characters such as the apprentice, the husband, and the fool, are depicted and how they are performed by the storyteller. Then their educational human relations through which the stories intend to convey their views on human beings are discussed Secondly, the Rakugo’s concepts on ethics(morals)are discussed by analyzing the sinfulness of humans observed in “A parent-child teahouse(Oyako-jyaya)” and “A stable fire(Umaya-kaji)”, humanness seen in “A case over killing a deer(Shika-seidan)”, and satire expressed in “Sasaki’s rulings(Sasaki-sabaki)”. Then, how such analysis may make the innermost of morality visible is discussed, although the present-day’s moral education has been failing to clarify it.
Thirdly, the communication through dialogues between the storyteller and audience is taken up, and discussed to show how it becomes to show educational potentiality.
The above three viewpoints constitute the present introductory treatise on education through Rakugo culture.departmental bulletin pape
Rakugo as comedies stemming from human fragile natures
Get PDFRakugo and Kyohgen could both be classified as humorous comedeies representing the world of Japanese traditional performing arts. However, their vectors of laughter are widely different. The leading role in Osaka Rakugo is played by Kiroku while that of Kyohgen is played by Taro Kaja. Behavioral differences between the two leading roles reflect differences in dramatic stance between the two performing arts. Kiroku is always
laughed at the audience at the end of the story whereas Taro Kaja often finishes the drama by laughing at other figures in the story. The leading role in Rakugo is a fool who is always the target of laughter while the leading role in Kyohgen is an underdog who enjoys himself by laughing at his “overdog” in the play. Both Kiroku and Taro Kajya gain popularity through the audience’s sympathy towards their behaviors in each comedy, but the differences is evident in the feelings received from the two leading roles, i.e., Kirokus failures are always laughed at while Taro Kaja induces laughter by playing trics on others in the play, although the audience’s verbal reactions to both would often be the same, i.e., “It couldnt be helped that he behaved that way.”
In the present treatise, I attempted to discuss the essence and functions of Rakugo and general comedies in turn, which appeared distinct by comparison between Rakugo and Kyohgen.departmental bulletin pape
A study of the significance of factors which influence young mothers living with small children in their eating habit management
Get PDFIn the present study, I surveyed the current state of influential factors in the management of dietary habits by young mothers living with small children. The results revealed a high degree of dependence on ready-made home meal dishes and simplification of home meal preparation. Approximately 50% of the subjects surveyed had
confidence in their knowledge and skills regarding their meal preparation, and these subjects had a strong tendency to conduct ideal management of dietary habits. The most common information source regarding dietary habits was mass media, including television, while little information was available from educational institutions and local
governments.
Since management of household dietary habits will form a model of the children’s future dietary habits, the present fi ndings suggest that any educational support, focusing on the knowledge and skills of meal preparation built on social and traditional backgrounds, would be valuable in order for the parents and the following generation to achieve good management of dietary habits.departmental bulletin pape
Diurnal variation in blood glucose response to rice intake
Get PDFPostprandial hyperglycemia is associated with an increased risk of macrovascular disease, and lowering postprandial blood glucose is expected to reduce vascular events. This study evaluated the diurnal glucose profiles response to rice intake in healthy Japanese adults in an attempt to help control the postprandial hyperglycemia.
Diurnal variation in the glycemic response to rice intake was studied in 12 healthy subjects. The subjects ingested standard rice meals (200 g: carbohydrate 69.4 g), in the morning (9:00 AM), afternoon (12:30 PM), and evening (4:30PM) on separate days. Blood glucose concentrations were measured immediately before and for 2 hours after the
meal with a self-monitoring kit for blood glucose.
Postprandial peak blood glucose concentrations were highest in the morning (morning 139±21 mg/dL, afternoon 134±25 mg/dL, evening 115±15 mg/dL; morning vs evening p<0.05, afternoon vs evening p<0.05). The sharp rise in blood glucose observed in the morning attenuated gradually with time of the day (blood glucose rise after 30 min:
morning 58.5±23.6 mg/dL, afternoon 43.5±20.3 mg/dL, evening 34.8±23.0 mg/dL; morning vs evening p<0.05).
These data suggested that the postprandial glucose excursion response to rice intake was in the order of morning>afternoon>evening.departmental bulletin pape
Association of low molecular weight gliadins detected by gelfiltration chromatography
Get PDFWhole gliadins were separated on a Sephadex G-100 column with 0.1 M acetic acid or 0.01 M aluminum lactate buffer (pH 3.1) as an elution solvent. When a sample of about 95 mg protein was loaded on the column and eluted with 0.1 M acetic acid, the fraction eluted at the void volume of the column was shown to be high molecular weight gliadin by analysis of their electrophoretic patterns on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel.
The main peak eluted at the near-column volume was low molecular weight gliadins (α－, β－and ω－gliadins, MW about 30,000). A similar elution profile had been reported by Hebner and Wall. In contrast, when 0.01 M aluminum lactate buffer (pH 3.1) was used as an elution solvent, the main peak was eluted at the position of the molecular weight of about 60,000. From these results, we consider that the low molecular weight gliadins associate to form dimers in 0.01 M aluminum lactate buffer (pH 3.1).departmental bulletin pape
Yells heard from the stand of Japanese professional baseball games― Examples spoken in Osaka dialects―
Get PDFThe number of professional baseball fans in Japan has greatly increased by the following three reasons: 1)Japanese professional baseball teams have recently become quite strong and competitive internationally; 2) uniquely Japanese baseball culture has permeated throughout Japan; and 3) each professional baseball team has its own home
baseball stadium where the players receive enthusiastic support from their fans in the stand. These reasons worked synergistically to give rise to vigorous and loud yelling from the stand in every ball game.
Local fan’s yelling necessarily reflects each local dialect. In the present paper, the author attempted to collect and survey yelling words spoken in Osaka dialects by spectators in the stand of baseball stadiums in Kansai areas. These yells were categorized according to the purpose of yelling, and their words were evaluated to demonstrate how effectively those dialectal expressions were utilized.
Yelling in baseball games plays an important role to enkindle the atmosphere of a baseball game. On the other hand, there is also a problem of inappropriateness arising from careless usage of unsuitable expressions in a yell.
Inappropriate yells should be minimized to keep other fellow-fans’ ball game watching pleasant.departmental bulletin pape
Exhibition of scientific demonstrations in “ SCIENCE AGORA 2012 ”
Get PDFIn “ SCIENCE AGORA 2012 ”, our project team “Science in whatever and wherever !” exhibited three scientific demonstrations for small children. The first demonstration was a magic one: the appearance of three new colors by mixing two solutions of the different colors. The second was an experiment: radial separation of color components by paper chromatography from a colorful mosaic circle drawn with color felt-tip pens on a kitchen
paper mat. The third was another magic one: a weird artificial octopus in a water-filled plastic bottle, moving downward or upward by squeezing or loosening the bottle. These demonstrations amused not only many children but also several primary and high school teachers.departmental bulletin pape
Studies of Japanese short poems from the standpoint of educational sociology (The second report): Subjectivity in evaluation of haiku poems─evaluation of Kyoshi’s works divided into two scholarly and poet camps.
Get PDFGenerally speaking, evaluation of any art work is not an easy matter. Especially, evaluation of haiku poems becomes harder not only because a haiku poem, consisting of only seventeen syllables, is a work of the shortest from of literary art, but also because elements other than the words constituting the poem have to be taken into consideration.
Take an example of Kyoshi Takahama, who is regarded as the founder of contemporary haiku and has certainly made great contributions both qualitatively and quantitatively to the modern haiku world. However, most of his haiku works are admired only by people who belong to associations of similar haiku concepts (kessha). In contrast, there are people who stand outside the above associations and do not necessarily guarantee the values of Kyoshi’s haiku works.
In the present article, I took up scholars and haiku poets such as Akito Arima, Ichiro Hukumoto, and Shizuo Miyazawa who regard themselves as Kyoshi’s followers and supporters while I selected Makoto Oooka, Jinichi Konishi, Naoki Kishimoto, and others who are somewhat critical of Kyoshi’s haiku in certain aspects. I examined and compared their opposing views on Kyoshi and discussed the differences between their standpoints.
As result, I reached the conclusion that there exists a hardly surmountable organizational barrier, which forms the basis of differences in the way of thinking and sense of values between the two camps. I consider the existence of haiku associations (kessha) to be the barrier.
The present article attempted to clarify the cause of division as to the values of Kyoshi’s haiku and discuss the merits and demerits and today’s significances of kukai (haiku meetings) and kessha (haiku associations) which played important roles in the development of haiku poetry.departmental bulletin pape
5th International Dietary Fibre Conference 2012 held on May 7~9, 2012 at Centro Congressi Fontanas di Trevi, Rome, Italy.
Get PDFThe above international conference was held at the congress center of Rome in the Trevi Fountain district. The present report briefly outlines this conference and our presentation there. My impression on the city of Rome is also included.departmental bulletin pape