Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta, Fakultas Pertanian UNS: Journal Systems
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APLIKASI SISTEM PENYIRAMAN SENDIRI PADA BUDIDAYA TOMAT CHERRY SECARA HIDROPONIK
Get PDFErosi dapat disebabkan oleh aliran permukaan (run-off) yang mengalir pada lahan berlereng yang dimanfaatkan untuk pertanian tanaman pangan sehingga dapat membawa sedimen berupa tanah tererosi.Maka dari itu diperlukanlah perhitungan jumlah erosi aktual dan potensial pada berbagai macam kemiringan lahan dan pola tanam yang dilakukan di lahan kering Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor. Perhitungan besarnya erosi dilakukan dengan mengambil data erosi aktual dan dengan prediksi MUSLE pada lima plot penelitian. Plot yang dimaksud adalah plot 1 (karet) kemiringan 12,5%, plot 2 (jagung – kacang merah – singkong) kemiringan 21%, plot 3 (jagung) kemiringan 22%, plot 4 (singkong – kacang merah – ubi jalar) kemiringan 20%, dan plot 5 (singkong – jagung – kacang merah – kacang tanah) kemiringan 10%. Jumlah erosi aktual dan prediksi MUSLE pada plot 1 sampai dengan plot 5 berturut-turut adalah 0,49 ton/ha dan 4,34 ton/ha; 75,73 ton/ha dan 67,82 ton/ha; 43,61 ton/ha dan 92,36 ton/ha; 74,55 ton/ha dan 60,44 ton/ha; 10,25 ton/ha dan 5,10 ton/ha. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa terdapat overestimate dan underestimate nilai prediksi MUSLE terhadap hasil erosi aktual sehingga diperlukan kalibrasi dan validasi agar model prediksi erosi MUSLE. Hasilnya adalah jumlah erosi potensial dengan prediksi MUSLE pada plot 1 sampai dengan plot 5 berturut-turut adalah 0,58 ton/ha; 81,76 ton/ha; 58,32 ton/ha, 81,58 ton/ha, dan 9,78 ton/ha. Sehingga prediksi MUSLE dapat digunakan pada lahan kering Universita
Uji Berbagai Desinfiktan dan ZPT pada Media MS Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekplan Tanaman Pisang Klutuk (Musa paradisiaca, L)
Get PDFPenelitian ini telah dilakukan selama 5 bulan mulai bulan September 2017 sampai Januari 2018. Tempat penelitian di Laboratorium Kultur jarigan Lempes, Jl, Penerbangan, Gg, Rahmat No, 87 Kelurahan Air Dingin, Kecamatan Bukit Raya, Kota Pekanbaru. Pisang Klutuk adalah jenis pisang yang mampu menghasilkan daun yang banyak dan tidak mudah robek. Saat ini bibit yang ditanam oleh petani pada umumnya berasal dari pohon induk induk sehingga jumlah anakan dan rentan terhadap penyakit dan layu bakteri. Kultur jaringan alternatif merupakan teknik untuk menghasilkan bibit pisang berkualitas dalam jumlah banyak, seragam, dan dalam waktu singkat, pencoklatan dan terkontaminasi sangat besar di media kultur jaringan khususnya daerah tropis bisa mencapai 95%, dan daerah dingin yang berbeda hanya 5%, untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebt bahan yang digunakan harus disinfektan yang dapat menghasilkan keberhasilan secara maksimal. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL), faktorial dengan 2 faktor sebagai berikut: Faktor pertama adalah Disinfektan terdiri dari empat (4) tingkat yaitu Bayclin 20% (P1) ekstrak Pinang 20% (P2), ekstrak daun sirih 20% (P3), ekstrak umbi kentang Garut 20% (P4) masing-masing dalam rendam selama 30 menit dengan menggunakan shaker, Faktor kedua adalah Berbagai ZPT pada media MS terdiri dari empat (4) tingkat: BAP konsentrasi 1,0 mg / l (B1), madu Lebah 10 ml / l (B2), air kelapa 10 ml / l (B3), ekstrak tauge 10 ml / l (B4). Masing-masing dari ketiga ulangan dan masing-masing unit percobaan terdiri dari dua botol, dan setiap botol ditanam 1 eksplan sehingga ada 192 unit eksperimen, Parameter yang diamati yaitu persentase eksplan yang terkontaminasi (%), persentase pencoklatan (%), jumlah daun (daun), jumlah tunas, panjang tunas (cm), Persentase eksplan hidup.Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa Uji Desinfektan dan ZPT pada MS medium terhadap eksplan pertumbuhan Pisang klutuk In vitro dengan perlakuan terbaik yaitu Disinfektan Bayclin 20% dan BAP 1,0 mg / l (P1B1) d dengan persentase ekplan kontaminasi 35,24%, jumlah tunas 4 buah dan Persentase hidup eksplan 65,88 % (100% sintetis), Disinfektan Bayclin 20% dan ekstrak tauge 10 ml / l (P1B4) dengan persentase Pencoklatan 35,24%, jumlah daun 6 helai dan Persentase hidup eskplan 65,80% (50% dan 50% organik sintetis), Ekstrak Pinang Disinfektan 20% dan BAP 1,0 mg / l (P2B1) dengan persentase pencoklatan 35,24%, dan panjang tunas 8,67 cm, Persentase hidup eksplan 65,80%, (50% organik dan 50% sintetis), Desinfektan Ekstrak umbi kentang Garut 20% dan air kelapa 10 ml / l (P4B3) diperoleh persentase Pencoklatam sebesar 35,2 4%, panjang tunas 7,50 cm, dan Persentase hidup ekplan 62,15% (100% organik). Kata kunci: Pisang klutuk, Disinfectant dan ZP
ANALISIS KETERLIBATAN KONSUMEN DALAM MEMBELI BERAS DI PASAR TRADISIONAL KABUPATEN SUKOHARJO
Get PDFIndonesia merupakan negara agraris yang dapat memproduksi serta mencukupi kebutuhan pangan untuk masyarakatnya dari sektor pertanian. Hasil produksi dari sektor pertanian ini menghasilkan berbagai macam kebutuhan pangan untuk kelangsungan hidup masyarakat Indonesia. Salah satu produksi olahan dari sektor pertanian yang sangat berpengaruh bagi masyarakat indonesia yaitu padi. Hasil olahan dari padi itu sendiri salah satunya adalah beras. Beras sebagai bahan pangan pokok mayoritas sudah tentunya menjadi preferensi konsumen dalam pemilihan bahan pangan pokoknya. Banyaknya beras yang beredar di pasar tentunya akan membuat pilihan terhadap konsumen semakin bermacam-macam. Oleh karena itu penting bagi pemasar untuk mengetahui perilaku konsumen dalam membeli beras untuk mengetahui pola pembelian beras. Tujuan penelitian adalah, (1) menganalisis keterlibatan konsumen (consumer involvement) beras dalam proses pengambilan keputusan pembelian beras di pasar tradisional Kabupaten Sukoharjo, (2) Menganalisis perbedaan antar varietas (differentes among variety) beras menurut konsumen di pasar tradisional Kabupaten Sukoharjo. (3) Menganalisis tipe perilaku konsumen (consumer behavior) beras di pasar tradisional Kabupaten Sukoharjo. Metode penentuan daerah penelitian dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling dan metode penentuan sampel dilakukan dengan metode judgement sampling dengan jumlah 100 responden. Sumber data yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah (1) desain inventaris keterlibatan (Zachowsky) (2) beda antar varietas (3) tipe perilaku konsumen (Henry Assael). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterlibatan konsumen dalam memilih beras rendah, serta konsumen tidak menyadari adanya beda antar varietas yang didapat dari hasil analisis beda antar varietas menggunakan Anova one way dengan nilai signifikans 0,509>0,05. Analisis tipe perilaku konsumen menunjukan bahwa tipe perilaku pembelian kebiasaan (habital buying behavior)
Soil Classification and Land Suitability for Agroforestry of Solo Hulu Watershed
No full textWatershed requires management to diversify the function of sustainable biomass production, provide benefits for the socio-economic benefits and environmental aspects of land cover as a function of media production and water management regulator. It is known that upstream Solo watershed contributes sediment substantially to the silting of Gajah Mungkur reservoirs and carry sediment through Bengawan Solo river flow. Purpose of this study was to determine characteristics of soil and vegetation diversity in upstream Solo watershed area. Research was carried out by analysis of satellite observation and field survey with stratified random sampling method. Result showed that upstream Solo watershed is divided into six soil map units (SMU), soil was encountered into orders of Vertisols, Entisols, Alfisols and Inceptisols. Most areas of upstream Solo watershed was opened-vegetation with steep slope. Agroforestry type applied by public was simple agroforestry included mixed-cropping, barrier of bound and terrace and barrier of land ownership. Main vegetations were teak, mahogany and acacia. Land utilization was marginal with dry month length as an inhibitor factor
The Utilization of Red Mud as a Plant Growing Medium with The Addition of Ultisol Soil Material and Compost
Get PDFThe utilization of red mud, which is a residue from the extraction of aluminum from mined bauxite ore, as a plant growing medium, needs to be studied further. There are some chemical aspects that may hinder the growth of, or even cause mortality in, plants such as very high pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and exchangeable Na (Naexch), and very low nutrient elements content. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of adding Ultisol soil material, mixed with compost, both soil ameliorating agents, to red mud for use as a growing medium for Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) seedlings. This study was conducted in two stages, namely: washing of the red mud, and trial planting in the greenhouse using different combinations of the soil ameliorants. Washing of the red mud with tap water was intended to reduce the levels of Na, EC, and pH. Trial planting in the greenhouse was carried out in 2-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Factor 1 was the proportion of the mixture of Ultisol soil material (sm-Ultisol) and red mud, viz: (1) 1500 g red mud + 0 g sm-Ultisol, (2) 1000 g red mud + 500 g sm-Ultisol, and (3) 750 g red mud + 750 g sm-Ultisol. Factor 2 was the dosage of compost that was mixed with the red mud and sm-Ultisol, namely: 0, 58.6, and 117.2 g/polybag which corresponded to 0, 2.5 and 5 kg/planting hole, respectively. The results of the trial indicated that washing the red mud could reduce the level of EC from 28.70 dS m-1 to 2.68 dS m-1; but it reduced pH and Naexch only from 11.91 and 149.38 cmol(+)kg-1 to become 10.55, and 66.74 cmol(+) kg-1, respectively. A better outcome was obtained after the red mud was washed and then, mixed with sm-Ultisol up to 1:1 proportion in which resulted in lower rates of pH, EC, and Naexch from 10.28, 2.53 dS m-1 and 62.79 cmol(+) kg-1 to 8.65, 2.07 dS m-1 and 45.01 cmol(+) kg-1, respectively. The treatment of using a mixture of 750 g red mud + 750 g sm-Ultisol, and adding compost at 117.18 g/polybag gave the best result in improving the chemical property of the red mud growing medium, and producing the best plant growth among all treatment combinations
CLIMATE FIELD SCHOOL (CFS) FOR FARMERS AND STUDENTS: ADAPTATION STRATEGIES ON CLIMATE CHANGE WITH EDUCATION AND EMPOWERMENT
Get PDFGlobal warming leads to climate uncertainty that threats national food security, and thus the farmer education is required as an adaptation and mitigation strategy to cope with the negative impact. A climate field school is a technology to educate and empower farmers to increase the awareness and resilience on climate change. 0.5 hectare of farmland was cultivated by maize (hybrid variety of Pioneer-35). The land preparation, planting, and crop maintenance was totally organized by 24 farmers and 6 students of Universitas Sebelas Maret, (UNS) Indonesia. Also, daily weather components (air temperatures, rainfall, and relative air humidity) were observed by farmers according to a schedule prepared by farmers. Every decadal (10 days), farmers and students met to observe and discuss the maize’s growth and farm ecosystem. During the decadal meeting, staffs from Agency for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics of the Republic of Indonesia (BMKG), lecturers from university (UNS) and farm extension workers from government monitored, guided and advised the discussion in turn (according to planned schedule). The results showed that farmers and students’ knowledge on climate change and eco-friendly farming system increase during the climate field school. Extreme rainfall (890 mm for 5 dry months) occurred which was double compared to proper water requirement for maize. Maize’s yield was 10% lower (10.7 t/ha) compared to the conventional system due to totally unused of pesticide, herbicide or other plant protection chemical substances. Farmers also observed that the use of organic fertilizer combined with inorganic fertilizer rather produced high yield which can reduce production cost and increase soil health, as well as food safety.
SOIL TEMPERATURE ON VARIOUS CONDITIONS OF PINEAPPLE (Ananas comusus L. MERR.) IN RED ACID SOIL, LAMPUNG, INDONESIA
Get PDFSoil temperature is one component that influences plant growth and microbial activities. This research was conducted in the great giant plantation, in the various locations with a different stage of the plant. The results show soil temperature in bare land and 1 month after planting give highest soil temperature than other because the soil not shaded by the plant canopy. Peak drought occurs in October 2015, with the highest soil temperature, reached 54.5°C on the soil surface. With irrigation can decrease soil temperature until 14
RICE GROWING PERIOD BASED ON THORTHWAITE MATHERDROUGHT INDEX FOR CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION IN GROBOGAN, CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA
Get PDFThe length of the dry season due to climate anomalies, which can cause drought. The drought can have an impact on agriculture, including rice production.The purposes of this research are to 1) determine the effect of the drought on rice production in Grobogan district; 2) provide the direction of rice growing period based on Thorthwaite Mather drought index in Grobogan district.Research steps are as follows: 1) To know the influence of drought towards the rice production, using the comparison between an average of rice production for five years divided by rice field area. 2) Determination of rice growing period using the runoff analysis based on Thorthwaite Mather calculation.The results of this research showed that: 1) Drought gave negative influence on rice production, it could be seen on the average of rice production. Sub-district which included in a high level of drought showed an average of rice productivity to 5.314 ton/ha, sub-district which included in a medium-level drought had an average of rice productivity to 5.701 ton/ha, and sub-district which included in a low-level drought had an average of rice productivity 5.902 ton/ha.; 2) Rice growing period obtained from the calculation of runoff is started from December to April
ANALYSIS OF WATER BALANCE TO DETERMINE WATER REQUIREMENT OF PINEAPPLE (Ananas comusus L. MERR.) IN PINEAPPLE PLANTATION LAMPUNG, INDONESIA
Get PDFIrrigation on pineapple plants is very important because it affects the growth and production, but the irrigation cost is very expensive. But before planning irrigation needs to estimate water requirement of the plant. This study is to estimate water requirement of pine plant using simple water balance based on 30-year climatologic data. The results show, 30-year data of climatology data can be used to estimating water requirement of the pineapple plant. Water requirement for small plant, medium plant and big plant are 164.6mm, 31.2mm, and 12.5mm respectively for June-October. The peak of the deficit on water balance occur in August, which is pineapple plant need intensive irrigation.
Evaluasi Atribut Bawang Merah dan Preferensi Petani terhadap Beberapa Varietas Bawang Merah: Study Kasus di Petani Desa Pejok, Bojonegoro, Jawa Timur
Get PDFPengembangan bawang merah off season menjadi salah satu cara dalam rangka mengatasi ketersediaan bawang merah sepanjang tahun. Salah satu pengembang bawang merah off season adalah petani di desa Pejok, Kedungadem, Bojonegoro, Jawa Timur. Permasalahan utama yang dihadapi adalah ketiadaan benih saat musim hujan karena ketidakmampuan petani untuk dapat menghasilkan benih sendiri. Ini menimbulkan ketergantungan petani kepada benih bawang merah dari luar daerah yaitu dari Nganjuk, Madura dan Sumenep. Balitbangtan melalui Balitsa menawarkan beberapa varietas sebagai alternative varietas bawang merah yang dapat dikembangkan pada saat off season. Penelitian ini bertujuan: 1) mengenalkan beberapa varietas bawang merah off season 2) mengetahui tingkat kepentingan atribut bawang merah yang disukai petani dan, 3) preferensi responden terhadap beberapa varietas bawang merah off season. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah pembuatan demplot Farmer Participatory Research (FPR) dan analisis perceived quality. Hasilnya adalah 1). demplot menampilkan enam varietas bawang merah yaitu Sembrani, Maja, Pancasona, Bali Karet, Batu Ijo dan Manjung, 2) atribut bawang merah yang paling disukai menurut petani secara berturut-turut adalah ukuran umbi (6,91), diikuti berturut-turut kemudahan pasar (6,73), bentuk umbi (6,68), warna umbi (6,55), kekerasan (6,32), jumlah anakan (6,00), aroma (5,86) dan tingkat kepedasan (5,18). Varietas yang paling disukai oleh petani secara berurutan adalah Manjung, Batu Ijo, Bali Karet dan Maja, sedangkan Sembrani dan Pancasona tidak disukai petani